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1.
Brain Imaging Behav ; 12(1): 87-95, 2018 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28108946

RESUMO

Adjuvant chemotherapy has been used for decades to treat cancer, and it is well known that disruptions in cognitive function and memory are common chemotherapeutic adverse effects. However, studies using neuropsychological metrics have also reported group differences in cognitive function and memory before or without chemotherapy, suggesting that complex factors obscure the true etiology of chemotherapy-induced cognitive dysfunction (CICD) in humans. Therefore, to better understand possible mechanisms of CICD, we explored the effects of CICD in rats through cognition testing using novel object recognition (NOR) and contextual fear conditioning (CFC), and through metabolic neuroimaging via [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). Cancer-naïve, female Sprague-Dawley rats were administered either saline (1 mL/kg) or doxorubicin (DOX) (1 mg/kg in a volume of 1 mL/kg) weekly for five weeks (total dose = 5 mg/kg), and underwent cognition testing and PET imaging immediately following the treatment regime and 30 days post treatment. We did not observe significant differences with CFC testing post-treatment for either group. However, the chemotherapy group exhibited significantly decreased performance in the NOR test and decreased 18F-FDG uptake only in the prefrontal cortex 30 days post-treatment. These results suggest that long-term impairment within the prefrontal cortex is a plausible mechanism of CICD in this study, suggesting DOX-induced toxicity in the prefrontal cortex at the dose used.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Disfunção Cognitiva/induzido quimicamente , Disfunção Cognitiva/diagnóstico por imagem , Doxorrubicina/toxicidade , Animais , Mapeamento Encefálico , Disfunção Cognitiva/psicologia , Condicionamento Psicológico/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Medo/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Neuroimagem , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Reconhecimento Psicológico/efeitos dos fármacos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
2.
Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci ; 44(4): 8-11, 2005 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16050660

RESUMO

Although Helicobacter spp. have been viewed as bacteria with low pathogenicity, many investigators have shown that these low-grade pathogens have the potential to become a severe threat in immunocompromised, inbred, and transgenic animals. Therefore the presence of Helicobacter spp. in experimental animals is considered to be an unacceptable variable. In this study a formulation of medicated feed was designed and tested in an attempt to eradicate Helicobacter spp. from an infected rat breeding colony. Two feeding protocols were used: 1) treating Helicobacter-infected pregnant dams to produce clean offspring and 2) treating infected adult animals long enough to eliminate the organisms. Bacterial DNA was extracted from feces and amplified using primers that recognized the Helicobacter spp.-specific region of the 16S rRNA gene. Fecal samples from the weanlings from protocol 1 tested negative for Helicobacter spp. at 1 week before and 2 and 12 weeks after weaning. Infected adult rats from protocol 2 tested negative after three cycles of 2 weeks on and 2 weeks off the medicated feed. Animals from both protocols have remained Helicobacter-free for 8 months.


Assuntos
Animais de Laboratório/microbiologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/veterinária , Helicobacter/genética , Doenças dos Roedores/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças dos Roedores/microbiologia , Amoxicilina/uso terapêutico , Ração Animal , Animais , Claritromicina/uso terapêutico , Primers do DNA , Eletroforese em Gel de Ágar , Fezes/microbiologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Metronidazol/uso terapêutico , Omeprazol/uso terapêutico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Ratos
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