[Changes in the biochemical indices in iron-deficiency erythropoiesis]. / Promeni na niakoi biokhimichni pokazateli pri zheliazonedoimuchnata eritropoeza.

In 608 patients with iron-deficiency anemia the following indices were examined: serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, serum ferritin, hemoglobin, free protoporphyrin, reduced glutathione as well as the activity of porphobilinogen synthetase in the erythrocytes. Increased of free protoporphyrin and of reduces glutathione as well as increased activity of porphobilinogen synthetase were found which the authors accept as an expression of iron-deficiency erythropoiesis. Serum ferritin was lowered but in many patients its level did not indicate totally exhausted iron reserves despite the well expressed anemia accompanied by a low serum iron level and transferrin saturation. In these patients an additional pathogenetic mechanism is supposed leading to retaining of some quantity of iron in the cells of the monocytic-macrophagal system.

[Changes in the serum biochemical indicators in healthy blood donors during cytapheresis]. / Vurkhu promenite na niakoi biokhimichni pokazateli v serumi na zdravi dariteli pri tsitofereza.

In the serum of 33 healthy donors to whom 72 cytophereses (31 thrombo-, 25 leuko- and 16 leukothrombocytophereses) were performed by a cell separator "Haemonetix 30" the following indices were followed up by SMA before and after the cytophereses: total protein, albumin, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, cholesterol, glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine: total and conjugated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. Several of the donors were followed up dynamically. Immediately following the cytopheresis a transitory decrease of total protein, albumin, inorganic phosphorus and cholesterol was found. At the following cytopheresis of the same donor (the time interval between two cytophereses varied from 72 hours up to several months) the levels of the total protein, albumin, calcium, inorganic phosphorus and cholesterol had reached their normal values. The glucose level increased transitory though in the reference ranges.

[Urinary and fecal excretion of porphyrins and their precursors in leukemia patients]. / Prouchvane na izluchenite s urinata i izprazhneniiata porfirini i niakoi tekhni predshestveitsi pri levkozno bolni.

Delta-aminolevulinic acid (DALA), porphobilinogen (PBG) and porphyrins in urine and feces were determined in 40 healthy controls (20 males and 20 females) and in 60 patients with acute leukosis (27 males and 33 females), with chronic myeloleukosis - 23 (10 males and 13 females), and 25 patients with chronic lympholeukosis (II males and 14 females). Another 15 patients (7 males and 8 females) were studied at the initial stage, recurrence, recidivation of acute leukosis (AL). DALA excreted with the urine, manifested no significant discrepancy as compared with the controls of the three groups examined patients and in all the three stage of AL, whereas PBG was moderately reduced in the AL patients - initial stage and recurrence and was within the normal limits in the patients with chronic myeloleukosis (CML) and chronic lympholeukosis (CLL). The urine excreted coproporhyrin was increased, to various degrees, in the patients with CML and CLL and at the initial stage, recurrence and recidivation of AL, whereas uroporhyrin was within the norm. Coproporphyrin, excreted in the feces, was increased in all three groups of patients with leukosis and in the three stages of AL, whereas the other fractions showed no significant difference as compared with the controls. It could be concluded, from the results obtained, that porphyrins metabolism is disturbed in the patients with leukosis.

[Effect of various cytostatics and radiotherapy on serum iron and copper levels in lymphoma patients]. / Vliianie na niakoi tsitostatitsi i luchelechenieto vurkhu nivoto na zheliazoto i medta v seruma u bolni s limfomi.

Forty four patients with lymphoma, active stage, were examined. Polychemotherapy (PChTh), one course in various combinations of drugs were applied to 32 of them and to 18--radical beam therapy (above and under diaphragmal). Low iron and high copper in serum was found in all patients prior to treatment. Elevated serum iron (SI) was found in the patients after the course of PChTh, whereas the values of copper were almost unaffected. In the patients, after radical beam therapy, SI and serum copper tended to normalization, in parallel with the abating of the morbid process. The effect of cytostatics upon the SI level is discussed as well as the necessity of parallel determination of some other indices, serum copper in particular, in the assessment of the activity of the morbid process.

[Reduced glutathione and porphobilinogen synthase activity in the erythrocytes of anemic patients with low serum iron]. / Redutsiran glutation i aktivnost na porfobilinogen sinteza v eritrotsitite na anemichno bolni s nisko serumno zheliazo.

Patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were examined as well as patients with active lymphoma with low serum iron (SI) and anemia prior to treatment. Increased content of reduced glutathione (GSH) was found in the patients with IDA as well as enhanced activity of PBG-S in erythocytes, in parallel with the decreased SI and saturation rate of transferrins (SRT) and enhanced total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) in serum. In lymphoma patients a normal GSH content is found as well as normal PBG-S activity in erythocytes, low content of iron, SRT level and decreased TIBC in serum. The connection of SH groups with the level of serum iron is discussed.

[Porphobilinogen synthase activity of the erythrocytes in acute leukemia]. / Aktivnost na porfobilinogen sintezata v eritrotsitite na bolnite s ostra levkoza.

The activity of PBG-S enzyme in erythrocytes was studied by referential method of Berlin and Schaller in a control group of 40 healthy males and females and 60 patients with acute leucosis (24 males and 36 females), 40 of them with acute myelogenic leucosis (AML) and 20 with acute lymphoblast leucosis (ALL). Enzyme activity was determined in another group of 15 patients, (8 females and 7 males) followed-up during the initial stage, remission and relapse of acute leucosis. PBG-S activity was moderately diminished in patients with OML, revealing no significant difference as compared with the controls, with those with OLL. It was increased in the patients in acute leucosis remission as compared with the beginning and the relapse. The changes found could be of certain clinical significance.

[Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase activity and the content of adenosine triphosphate in the erythrocytes of leukemic patients]. / Aktivnost na glikozo-6-fosfat-dekhidrogenaza, piruvat-kinaza i sudurzhanie na adeniozin-trifosfat v eritrotsitite u levkozno bolni.

The activity of G-6PD and PK in erythrocytes and ATP content in erythrocyte hemolysate in patients with leucosis (acute, chronic myelo- and chronic lympholeucosis) was investigated. A reduced G-6PD activity was found in the majority of the patients examined, being most markedly manifested in the patients with chronic lympholeucosis and least--in the patients with chronic myeloleucosis. About 50 per cent of the patients with acute leucosis and chronic lympholeucosis have reduced PK activity and in those with chronic myeloleucosis -- increased. ATP content is increased in patients with chronic myeloleucosis and in the rest of the patients -- normal. A disturbance of glucose metabolism in erythrocytes in patients with leucosis is concluded to exist.

[Copper and magnesium in the plasma and erythrocytes in leukemic patients]. / Med i magnezii v plazma i eritrotsiti u levkozno bolni.

Copper and magnesium in plasma and erythrocyte hemolysate were investigated of leucosis patients: acute and chronic (myelo-and lympholeucosis) in an active stage. In all patients, elevated average values of copper in plasma were established as compared with the controls (p greater than 0.05), being the highest in patients with lympholeucosis. Copper in erythrocyte hemolysate was not elevated in all three kinds of leucosis as compared with the controls (p greater than 0.05). Plasma magnesium was elevated in the patients with acute leucosis and chronic lympholeucosis, whereas in erythrocyte hemolysate, magnesium values were elevated in all three kinds of leucosis (p less than 0.05). The elevation of copper in plasma is associated with the malignant process and the elevation of magnesium in erythrocytes -- with a changed erythrocyte metabolism in leucosis patients.

[A comparative study of iron and total iron binding capacity in the serum of patients with lymphoreticular blastomas]. / Sravnitelni prouchvaniia na zheliazo i totalen zheliazosvurzvasht kapatsitet v seruma na bolni s limforetikularen blastom

One hundred and forty three patients with lymphoreticular blastoma were examined 97 of them with Hodgkin disease in various clinical stages, 26 patients with reticulosarcoma and 20--with lymphosarcoma. The following indices were determined in all patients; hemoglobin, serum iron, total ironbinding capacity and the degree of saturation of transferins. Low values of serum iron were found in the exacerbated stages of patients with Hodgkin, especially in III and IV clinical stage. They are decreased also in patients with reticulosarcoma but to a less degree, while in those with lymphosarcoma--they are within normal limits. The total iron binding capacity is elevated in the same stages, the saturation degree of transferins being decreased. Hemoglobin increases in the stage of clinical improvement in the patients with Hodgkin, as well as iron and saturation degree of transferins. The total iron binding capacity is decreasedmthe changes in the above indices, though not specific, were concluded to be able to serve as additional tests in the determination of the period and to a certain extent, of the stage in patients with Hodgkin as well as to make a differential diagnosis with the rest lymphoreticular blastomas.