COMPARISON OF C-PEPTIDE LEVELS IN MONOGENIC FORMS OF DIABETES WITH OTHER TYPES OF DIABETES: A SINGLE-CENTER STUDY.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of C-peptide levels in the differentiation of monogenic forms of diabetes from type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in clinical practice. Subjects and Methods: A total of 104 patients aged >16 who visited the Dicle University's Faculty of Medicine between April 2011 and December 2020 and were diagnosed with monogenic diabetes by genetic analysis or with T1DM and T2DM were randomly selected for retrospective evaluation. The C-peptide levels of these patients at the time of diagnosis of diabetes were compared. Results: Of the 104 patients, 24 (23%) were diagnosed with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), 40 (38.5%) with T1DM, and 40 (38.5%) with T2DM. Median C-peptide levels (ng/mL) (interquartile range) were 1.78 (1.24-2.88) in MODY group, 0.86 (0.34-1.22) in T1DM group, and 2.38 (1.58-4.27) in T2DM group. Conclusions: There was a difference in C-peptide levels between MODY and T1DM groups but not between MODY and T2DM groups. As per clinical evaluations, although C-peptide levels of patients with MODY are similar to those of patients with T2DM patients, the possibility of C-peptide levels being similar to those required for T1DM diagnosis should also be considered.

Ultrasound finding of peripelvic urine extravasation in ureteropelvic junction obstruction.

Pylosinus backflow is usually associated with acute obstruction and occurs as the result of increased hydrostatic pressure in the renal pelvis. Microruptures or tears occur at the calyceal fornix. The extravasating urine may then be absorbed by lymphatics, rupture into veins, or dissect in the renal sinus. As extravasating urine extends from the peripelvic tissues into the perirenal space, it becomes easily visualized by ultrasound as a perirenal fluid collection. We describe the ultrasound finding of decreased peripelvic echogenicity in an infant with ureteropelvic junction obstruction and peripelvic urine extravasation. To our knowledge this finding on ultrasound has not been previously described. If not for the peripelvic decreased echogenicity, the resulting pelvic decompression may have otherwise mimicked a nonobstructed kidney.