Effects of sildenafil and tadalafil on skin flap viability.

Vascular complication is one of the causes of skin flap healing failure. Sildenafil and tadalafil, a type-5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor, can improve flap viability, however, the action mechanisms involved in this process are still unclear. To assess the effects of orally administered sildenafil and tadalafil on the healing kinetics and skin flap viability, sixty-two Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control (n = 22), sildenafil (n = 20), and tadalafil (n = 20). The solutions were administered orally (dose: 10 mg/kg) immediately after the surgical procedure and then every 24 h. At postoperative days 7 and 14, the skin flap samples were collected, submitted to histological processing and evaluated under optical microscopy. In experimental groups (sildenafil and tadalafil), we found an increased vascularization (p < 0.05) on the 7th and 14th day associated with the ulcer size decrease on the 14th day, although it was not significant. There was a higher influx of neutrophils and a decrease of mononuclear population on the 7th day (p < 0.05). On the 14th day, these differences were observed only in the tadalafil group (p < 0.05). This study suggested positive results with the use of sildenafil and tadalafil as adjuvant drugs in skin flap viability.

Guidelines of the Brazilian Society of Oncologic Surgery for pelvic exenteration in the treatment of cervical cancer.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The primary treatment for locally advanced cases of cervical cancer is chemoradiation followed by high-dose brachytherapy. When this treatment fails, pelvic exenteration (PE) is an option in some cases. This study aimed to develop recommendations for the best management of patients with cervical cancer undergoing salvage PE. METHODS: A questionnaire was administered to all members of the Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology. Of them, 68 surgeons participated in the study and were divided into 10 working groups. A literature review of studies retrieved from the National Library of Medicine database was carried out on topics chosen by the participants. These topics were indications for curative and palliative PE, preoperative and intraoperative evaluation of tumor resectability, access routes and surgical techniques, PE classification, urinary, vaginal, intestinal, and pelvic floor reconstructions, and postoperative follow-up. To define the level of evidence and strength of each recommendation, an adapted version of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Health Service rating system was used. RESULTS: Most conducts and management strategies reviewed were strongly recommended by the participants. CONCLUSIONS: Guidelines outlining strategies for PE in the treatment of persistent or relapsed cervical cancer were developed and are based on the best evidence available in the literature.

Early fragmentation of polyester urethane sheet neither causes persistent oxidative stress nor alters the outcome of normal tissue healing in rat skin.

Silicone breast implant is associated with complications inherent to the surgical procedure. Prosthesis coating with polyurethane, however, commonly reduces the incidence of such complications. In this paper, the authors evaluated the inflammatory histomorphometric profile and oxidative damage associated to the implant of polyester urethane sheets. Forty-eight Wistar rats were divided into Sham or polyester urethane groups (n = 8/group) and underwent a polyester urethane implant in the dorsal skinfold. Tissue samples were collected on days seven, 30, and 90 after surgery and subjected to histomorphometric analysis and biochemical tests. Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (p ≤ 0.05). Peri-implant tissue samples exhibited characteristic inflammatory response associated with the biomaterial, with increased vascularization on day seven and augmented levels of IL1-b and TNF-a after 30 days. Peri-implant fibrocystic population was small on day seven, but increased considerably after 90 days. A rise in the carbonyl group levels of skin samples in the polyester urethane group was observed on day seven. Findings suggest that polyester urethane sheets undergo biodegradation at an early stage after implantation, followed by increased vascularity and microencapsulation of biomaterial fragments, without persistent oxidative damage. Fiber arrangement inside the collagen matrix results in a fibrotic scar because of polyester urethane degradation.

O estado de humor e a insatisfação corporal possuem relação com os comportamentos de risco para transtornos alimentares em atletas de esportes coletivos do sexo masculino? / Are mood and body image dissatisfaction related to disordered eating behaviors in male team sports athletes?

Os comportamentos de risco para transtornos alimentares (CRTA) dizem respeito a atitudes patogênicas voltadas para a manutenção ou alteração da massa corporal. As frequentes cobranças as quais os atletas são submetidos para melhorarem seu desempenho competitivo podem levá-los a adotarem essas condutas alimentares, buscando um corpo "ideal e compatível" com a modalidade praticada. Contudo, tais comportamentos podem acarretar desidratação, hiponatremia, e reduções da potência anaeróbia e consumo de oxigênio, considerados efeitos prejudiciais para o rendimento esportivo. Algumas variáveis psicológicas podem estar associadas com os CRTA, dentre elas: o estado de humor e a insatisfação corporal (IC). Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre o estado de humor e a IC direcionada à muscularidade com os comportamentos de risco para TA em atletas de esportes coletivos do sexo masculino. A amostra deste estudo constou de atletas de esportes coletivos do sexo masculino [futebol (n = 36), basquete (n = 18) e handebol (n = 16)], que treinavam no estado de Pernambuco. As EAAE, EICCE e BRUMS foram utilizadas para avaliar os CRTA, IC e estado de humor, respectivamente. Conduziu-se o teste Shapiro Wilk para verificar a normalidade dos dados e em seguida, a correlação de Pearson para relacionar as variáveis da pesquisa. Os resultados do presente estudo mostraram que os escores da EICCE e BRUMS não estiveram correlacionados aos da EAAE (p > 0,05), indicando que, em atletas de esportes coletivos do sexo masculino, os CRTA não são influenciados pelo humor e IC...(AU)

The disordered eating (DE) concern pathogenic attitudes aimed at the maintenance or alteration of body mass. The frequent charges that athletes undergo to improve their competitive performance may lead them to adopt these dietary behaviors, seeking an "ideal and compatible" body with the modality practiced. However, such behavior can lead to dehydration, hyponatremia, and reductions in anaerobic potency and oxygen consumption, considered to be detrimental effects on sports performance. Some psychological variables may be associated with DE, among them: mood state and body dissatisfaction (BD). Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the mood state and the muscularity-directed BD with the DE in male athletes. The sample of this study consisted of male and female athletes [(soccer (n = 36), basketball (n = 18) and handball (n = 16)], who trained in the state of Pernambuco. The DES, EICCE and BRUMS were used to evaluate the DE, BD and mood state, respectively. We conducted the Shapiro Wilk test to verify the normality of the data and then the Pearson correlation to relate the variables of the research. The results of the present study showed that the EICCE and BRUMS scores were not correlated with those of the DES (p> 0.05), indicating that, in male athletes, DE are not influenced by mood and BD...(AU)

An unusual gangrenous goat mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli co-infection

Relata-se, pela primeira vez no Brasil, a ocorrência de mastite gangrenosa caprina atípica causada pela co-infecção por Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens e Escherichia coli em uma cabra da raça Boer, na segunda semana de lactação. Descrevem-se os achados clínicos, os procedimentos de diagnóstico microbiológico e a conduta terapêutica.