[Cerebral space-occupying lesion in thrombocytosis]. / Cerebrale Raumforderung bei Thrombozytose.

We report a case of venous thrombosis presented as ischemic intracranial expanding lesion localized in the parietal lobe of a young man with essential thrombocytosis. As surgical intervention became necessary we were able to investigate the morphological changes by histology and immunocytochemistry. The almost exclusive venous manifestation of thrombosis most probably initiated by elevated amounts of platelets suggests altered blood flow conditions as the predominant factor. Surgical interventions in such conditions are rare and might only proceed in space-occupying lesions with clinical symptoms. Treatment with inhibitors of platelet aggregation under strict control of the patient is the therapy of choice.

[Follow-up of spondylodiscitis following intervertebral disk operation--on the etiology, therapy and prevention]. / Die Verlaufsformen der Spondylodiszitis nach Bandscheibenoperation--zur Genese, Therapie und Prophylaxe.

Operations on lumbar disc prolapses are the most frequent operations in German neurosurgery divisions. After such operations, spondylodiscitis is a dreaded complication which is sometimes difficult to diagnose. Treatment of spondylodiscitis is always protracted and a burden for doctors and patients. Hence, it appears worthwhile to present a further report on discitis and spondylodiscitis, infections of the intervertebral space and the surrounding tissues after disk operations. Various clinical pictures are described: septic progress forms with neurological disorders and the necessity of open wound treatment as well as clinical pictures without septic signs with good recovery after immobilisation and antibiotic treatment. In two cases, CT-guided puncture of purulent suppuration with identification of the causative organisms and specific antibiotic treatment was possible. All patients had a relatively good result: pareses and/or bladder/rectal disorders disappeared completely in every case. The causes of discitis are discussed. The condition arises when nosocomial microorganisms, or very frequently even harmless skin bacteria, enter the wound. A large number of operations are carried out under pressure of time and under hectic conditions, as well as in a confined space in operation theatres which are too warm; these factors increase the susceptibility to infection. However, the resistance of the patient to infection is also weakened after longterm prior antiinflammatory treatment and a stay in hospital before the operation. Besides appropria to treatment of the infection (immobilisation, wound treatment, antibiotic therapy), psychological management of the patient is an important component of therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Intracerebral hematoma from a large aneurysm of the middle cerebral artery in infancy]. / Intrazerebrales Hämatom aus grossem Mediaaneurysma im Säuglingsalter.

The article reports on a large aneurysm of the tunica media vasorum with intracerebral haematoma in an infant of the age of 4 1/2 weeks and on the successful treatment by removal of the haematoma and extirpation of the aneurysm. The rare space-occupying lesion of the central organ seemed to point first of all to a peripheral disease due to the very unusual and highly special course in the infant; a gastrointestinal disorder seemed to be responsible for this phenomenon. It was only after observing mild convulsive manifestations that sonography was employed as a diagnostic tool, and thus the central disturbance was identified and its localisation and genesis demonstrated via computed tomography and angiographic diagnosis. Attention is drawn to the outstanding "search method" of noninvasive sonography via the still open fontanelle of the infant. This method should be employed if there is even the slightest suspicion of cerebral disease. A study of the literature shows clearly the superiority of the modern methods such as computed tomography and digital subtraction angiography over a femoralis catheter. The literature includes in particular two cases that occurred in the sixties of the present century and were comparable with that of our infant; at that time, the authors of those publications did not yet command over our present-day methods.

Multiple-aperture three-dimensional image construction utilizing fringe-modulated speckle patterns.

A technique is described for recording and reconstructing two- and three-dimensional color images utilizing a fringe-modulated speckle pattern. A multiple-aperture imaging system generates the modulated speckles and produces an image plane hologram in which the various complex waveforms, passing through the individual apertures, operate simultaneously as object and reference beams. This holographic recording system is considerably less sensitive to external vibration than conventional off-axis holography and requires much less stringent temporal- and spatial-coherence specifications for its light source.

Color encoding of holographic interferometric fringe patterns with white-light processing.

A technique is presented for color encoding holographic interferometric fringe patterns using an extended white-light source. The color encoding is performed on the smeared Fourier spectra which are derived from an on-focus multiplexed interferometric hologram. This color encoding technique offers the advantages of direct comparison of different fringe patterns which can also be transmitted for direct color monitor display and storage. This white-light processing technique is capable of performing complex spatial filtering for fringe pattern recognition and identification. This technique is simple, versatile, and can be performed using coherent, partially coherent, or white light.

Surface wave velocity measurement using reflections from laser scribed grooves.

The measurement of ultrasonic surface wave (USW) velocity is difficult using the pulse overlap method (POM) in the presence of an externally applied stress. Coupling variations between the sample and the transducer cause nonuniform distortions of the two received pulses which makes the overlap condition difficult to determine over an extended stress range. The adaptation in this paper of a single transducer configuration to generate and detect the USW eliminates coupling variations between two or more transducers. In addition, two parallel, precisely positioned and contoured grooves are laser scribed on the sample surface to provide the necessary overlap echoes. Since both echoes are reflected only once by identical grooves and are equally affected by the distortions due to coupling variations, the overlap condition is relatively unaffected by the external stress and the accuracy of the USW velocity measurement is increased significantly.