Simultaneous transverse colon and sigmoid volvulus.

Colonic volvulus is one of the most common causes of bowel obstruction. It could occur in different parts of the colon. The sigmoid is the most common part, but it rarely occurs in the transverse colon because of the colon's anatomical features. So, simultaneous sigmoid and transverse colon volvulus is a rare phenomenon that could endanger patients' lives due to its rarity, ischemia, necrosis of the colon wall, and the lack of a definite algorithm to approach this disease. So, it is essential to consider this disease as one of the most important differential diagnoses in patients with abdominal pain and distention. In this article, a 45-year-old male presented to the surgical ward with severe prolonged abdominal pain, diagnosed with simultaneous sigmoid and transverse colon volvulus during laparotomy.

A rare case of extremely large mature ovarian cystic teratoma.

Mature ovarian cystic teratoma, also known as the dermoid cyst, is one of the most common benign ovarian neoplasms that can occur in different age groups and could appear in various sizes. Diagnosing this problem as soon as possible is essential due to complications that can coincide, such as torsion, rupture, internal hemorrhage and malignant transformation. In this article, we reported a 66-year-old female patient with a single huge mature ovarian cyst teratoma who presented to the surgical ward with abdominal pain and swelling but did not see any doctor during that period and disregarded her problems for 4 years.

Rare case of umbilical urachal sinus mimicking infected umbilical abscess: A case report.

Incomplete obliteration of urachus during the fetal period can lead to urachal abnormalities. One of these abnormalities is the urachal sinus that can be asymptomatic, or it can be symptomatic by becoming infected or being malignant, and it can mimic other diseases' symptoms. Although it is rare in adults, it should be considered a significant differential diagnosis in patients with abdominal pain or umbilical discharge. This article presents a young patient with urachal sinus mimicking umbilical pilonidal sinus symptoms.

A Rare Condition of Simultaneous Occurrence of Sigmoid and Transverse Colon Volvulus.

Volvulus of the colon is the third important reason for colon obstruction, which can occur in different parts of the colon for various reasons and can lead to ischemia and necrosis of the colon wall tissue. In this article, we are going to describe a simultaneous sigmoid and colon volvulus which was operated on with suspicion of sigmoid volvulus. A 72-year-old patient presented with suddenly severe generalized abdominal pain with a past medical history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and prolonged constipation who underwent laparotomy for suspected colonic volvulus. During the operation, it was found that transverse colon volvulus occurred simultaneously with sigmoid colon volvulus with colon necrosis along its length. Therefore, a total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis was performed. After one week, the patient was discharged from the surgical ward after tolerating feeding and with stable vital signs. The simultaneous transverse colon and sigmoid volvulus is a rare phenomenon, and there are several ways to diagnose and evaluate this situation. However, none of them can help us diagnose this disease. Unfortunately, no specific algorithm has been designed for the approach in this situation, and it all depends on the patient's condition. Simultaneous occurrence of the sigmoid and transverse colon can make a high-risk emergency condition that could threaten the patient's life. Therefore, paying attention to the patient's symptoms and patient's condition and clinical findings, with high accuracy and speed and subsequently selecting the best surgical technique, if surgery is necessary, and according to the finding during surgery, especially the extent of necrotic tissue, the most crucial issue in treating the patient.

A Rare Simultaneous Occurrence of Splenic and Pelvic Cavity Hydatid Cyst.

Hydatid cyst is a significant health-threatening problem that can affect almost all organs, especially the lungs and the liver, but the possibility of its occurrence in organs such as the spleen or pelvic cavity is rare. Thus, simultaneous hydatid cysts in the spleen and pelvic cavity are probably very rare. Nevertheless, since hydatid cysts in different areas can cause various symptoms, it should be considered a significant diagnosis. This article presents a case report of a 21-year-old woman presenting with right lower quadrant abdominal pain mimicking appendicitis but found to have simultaneous hydatid cysts in the spleen and the pelvic cavity.