Abietane-type diterpenoids: Insights into structural diversity and therapeutic potential.

The abietane-type diterpenoids are among the most significant diterpene subsets found in hundreds of plant species belonging to various families. Among which, the members of the genus Salvia and Euphorbia are rich in abietane diterpenoids. Because of the chemical diversity and notable bioactivities, such as anticancer, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities, abietane-type diterpenoids are attractive. Herein, recent advances in the isolation and characterization of abietane-type diterpenoids from natural sources, as well as their biological activities, from 2015 up to 2024 are reviewed. During this time, over 300 abietane diterpenoids with diverse structures have been discovered.