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1.
Vet Ital ; 59(1): 41-49, 2023 03 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37994638

RESUMO

The classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a species member of the family Flaviviridae. CSFV is widely distributed in the world causing a severe impact on pig industry. This pathogen is considered restricted to domestic and wild suids. However, some reports from 2014 to 2018 showed the presence of the CFSV antigen in the bovine species. The virus was found in commercialized batches of fetal bovine serum (FBS) of Chinese origin and in bovine herds in in the provinces of Henan and Jiangsu, China, and in Tamil Nadu and Meghalaya, southern and north­eastern states of India, respectively. Detection was done using antigen capture ELISA and RT­PCR tests. In certain cases, animals with natural infection showed clinical signs and reproduction was also affected. Genetic characterization was performed considering the 5'­UTR sequences of the bovine strains. In addition, the entire CSFV E2 genomic region could be amplified from two positive animals. The bovine strains were genetically related to the Chinese CSFV live attenuated hog cholera lapinized vaccine (HCLV) strain used in pigs, sharing sequence characteristics. The vaccine strain HCLV was widely used in China to protect bovines and yaks from bovine viral diarrhea, and, as a possible consequence, inducing an adaptation in cattle and a further natural diffusion. Furthermore, a contaminant strain from China was genetically distant from all other previously described genotypes of the CSFV. This suggests also the occurrence of micro evolutive step in the species related to geographical segregation. These observations deserve attention and further investigations, especially relevant in countries where CSFV control and eradication strategies are applied.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica , Peste Suína Clássica , Doenças dos Suínos , Vacinas Virais , Bovinos , Animais , Suínos , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/genética , Índia/epidemiologia , Peste Suína Clássica/epidemiologia , Peste Suína Clássica/prevenção & controle , China/epidemiologia
2.
Open Vet J ; 13(7): 903-931, 2023 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37614735

RESUMO

Background: Pestivirus A Bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (BVDV-1) is a heterogeneous species within the genus, affecting cattle and other ruminants, with economic impact on livestock production. Aim: The study aimed to update the taxonomy of the Pestivirus A, BVDV-1 species and to verify the clustering of the strains reported as genotype 1v, originating from different countries. Methods: Recently deposited strains from China, Turkey, and Iran have been evaluated by the palindromic nucleotide substitutions (PNS) genotyping method. Results: Based on secondary structure analysis of the 5'-UTR sequences, strains reported as 1v from China were clustered as sub genotype 1.7.3 (1o). Genotype 1.19 (1w) was restricted to China and genotype 1.21 (1v) was present only in Turkey and Iran. Conclusion: The application of the PNS method clarified the taxonomical status of strains, revealing the homonymy of genetically different clusters. Furthermore, these observations indicated geographic segregation in the Pestivirus A species, and confirmed the occurrence of new atypical genetic variants, with potential implications on control and prophylaxis.


Assuntos
Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 1 , Pestivirus , Animais , Bovinos , Turquia , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 1/genética , China/epidemiologia , Genótipo , Pestivirus/genética
3.
Open Vet J ; 13(4): 400-406, 2023 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37251263

RESUMO

Background: In 2015, an unprecedented epidemic of microcephaly occurred in Brazil. Preliminary observations suggested the involvement of cofactors in the etiopathology of Zika virus-associated microcephaly. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) was identified in fetal samples with microcephaly, originating in the state of Paraíba, and two virus sequences, obtained from the amniotic fluid collected from mothers with babies affected by Zika and microcephaly, have been characterized as two different species of BVDV, types 1 and 2. Aim: The involvement of BVDV as a co-factor in the etiopathogenesis of Zika virus-associated microcephaly was explored. Methods: A serological screening using an ELISA test was undertaken to detect antibodies against BVDV among patients referred to the Central Laboratory of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, encompassing microcephalic babies and their mothers, mothers and pregnants not associated with microcephaly and general patients as a control group. Results: Two samples were positive out of 382 tested (0.52%). No specific relation with birth defects could be established. Conclusions: The study might suggest serological evidence of BVDV in humans. Further studies and the application of improved diagnostic tests adapted to humans are necessary to clarify the epidemiological extent and impact of BVDV.


Assuntos
Microcefalia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez , Infecção por Zika virus , Zika virus , Gravidez , Feminino , Animais , Humanos , Microcefalia/epidemiologia , Microcefalia/veterinária , Microcefalia/etiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/veterinária , Infecção por Zika virus/complicações , Infecção por Zika virus/diagnóstico , Infecção por Zika virus/epidemiologia , Infecção por Zika virus/veterinária , Diarreia/complicações , Diarreia/veterinária
4.
Front Vet Sci ; 8: 764909, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34957281

RESUMO

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) are members of the genus Pestivirus that cause disease in wild and domestic animals and are responsible for extensive economic losses of livestock and biological industry. BVDV is also a significant laboratory contaminant. Currently, no effective antiviral therapeutics are available to control their infection. Ginsenosides, as major pharmacological ingredients in the plants of ginseng, have various biological activities. In the present work, the antiviral activity of 9 ginsenosides and 3 other saponins from Araliaceae plants was investigated against Pestivirus. Ginsenoside Rb2 and Rb3 showed low cytotoxicity and obvious antiviral effect. They were able to inhibit the replication and proliferation of BVDV and CSFV. In addition, our results suggest that the possible antiviral mechanism of Rb2 might be related to its ability to affect the translation of these viruses. Obtained results suggest that ginsenoside Rb2 and Rb3 have a potential for effective treatment against Pestivirus infection.

5.
Open Vet J ; 10(1): 94-115, 2020 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32426263

RESUMO

Background: Classical swine fever virus (CSFV), species member of the family Flaviviridae, is generally considered restricted to domestic and wild suids. The circulation of CFSV has been detected in cattle herds in China and India. Natural infection appeared associated with clinical signs in some cases. Aim: The secondary structures of the internal ribosome entry site in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) were used for the genomic characterization of bovine strains. Methods: Sequences have been compared to the representative CSFV strains isolated from pigs, vaccines, and contaminants from porcine cell lines and an ovine strain isolated in Spain. Results: The observed sequences from cattle showed a genetic relatedness with live-attenuated vaccine strains used in pigs. Sequence characteristics of the Chinese strain S171 are genetically distant from the previously reported CSFV genotypes, suggesting a new outgroup in the species, described for the first time, and named CSFV-d. Other Chinese strains were genetically closely related to CSFV genotype a2 (Alfort type) pig strains. Indian strains, reported from the states of Tamil Nadu and Meghalaya, were genetically closely related to CSFV genotype a1 (Brescia type) and a5 pig strains, respectively. Conclusion: These preliminary observations are new and relevant in countries, where CSFV control and eradication strategies are applied.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Bovinos , Vírus da Febre Suína Clássica/genética , Genômica , Suínos
6.
J Virol Methods ; 275: 113704, 2020 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31518634

RESUMO

Applying palindromic nucleotide substitutions (PNS) method, variable loci of the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) secondary structure in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of Border disease virus sequences were analysed allowing their allocation into ten IRES classes within the species. Sequence characteristics of Turkish and Chinese strains were highly divergent from other genogroups, indicating geographic segregation and micro-evolutive steps within the species. Observed heterogeneity in the BDV species has to be considered for potential implications on diagnostic tests, control and preventive measures.


Assuntos
Vírus da Doença da Fronteira/classificação , Vírus da Doença da Fronteira/genética , Genoma Viral , Sítios Internos de Entrada Ribossomal , Filogenia , Regiões 5' não Traduzidas/genética , Animais , Sequências Repetidas Invertidas , Conformação de Ácido Nucleico , RNA Viral/química
7.
Res Vet Sci ; 125: 100-112, 2019 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31177022

RESUMO

Pestiviruses are responsible for widespread diseases affecting cattle, pigs and other ruminants, presenting a wide range of clinical manifestations, with significant impact on animal production. Given the recent various reports of a relatively high number of new strains and atypical genomic variants, in the present study, ninety-seven genomic sequences from southern Italy have been evaluated applying the palindromic nucleotide substitutions method, based on 5'-UTR secondary structure alignment and computing genetic distance among strains in the internal ribosome entry site. Sequence analysis revealed a highly heterogeneous virus population, indicating the introduction of virus variants of Bovine viral diarrhea virus and Border disease virus species from foreign countries. The application of different analytical procedures was useful to avoid interpretation difficulties. Circulation of heterogeneous virus populations showed the need for more accurate epidemiological investigations and stringent veterinary controls to protect animal health and welfare.


Assuntos
Genoma Viral , Infecções por Pestivirus/veterinária , Pestivirus/isolamento & purificação , RNA Viral/análise , Regiões 5' não Traduzidas , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Doenças das Cabras/virologia , Cabras , Itália , Pestivirus/classificação , Pestivirus/genética , Infecções por Pestivirus/virologia , Filogenia , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/virologia
8.
Open Vet J ; 9(1): 81-87, 2019 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31086771

RESUMO

In 2015, a young female Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra), originated from the Aosta Valley Region, Northernwestern Italy, was conferred to the National Reference Centre for Wild Animal Diseases for pathologic examinations. Histological analysis revealed a severe meningoencephalitis characterized by lymphocytic and plasmacellular infiltration, gliosis, perivascular cuffs, and leptomeningitis at the level of brain and brain stem. Laboratory investigations included polymerase chain reaction, sequencing and characterization by phylogenetic analysis, and evaluation of the internal ribosome entry site secondary structure in the 5' untranslated region. These tests identified the pathological agent as border disease virus, a known health risk in domestic small ruminants. Genetic characteristics of the isolated strains, closely related to ovine and caprine strain sequences from neighboring regions of Piedmont, France, and Switzerland, suggested geographic segregation and micro-evolutive steps within the species.


Assuntos
Doença da Fronteira/complicações , Vírus da Doença da Fronteira/isolamento & purificação , Meningoencefalite/patologia , Rupicapra , Animais , Feminino , Itália , Meningoencefalite/microbiologia
9.
Virus Res ; 256: 50-75, 2018 09 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30056173

RESUMO

The bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 species is responsible for cosmopolitan diseases affecting cattle and other ruminants, with relevant impact on animal production. The species presents high genomic heterogeneity, with implications on control and prophylactic programs. Genomic traits of different genetic groups are often related to geographic origin. Atypical sequences have been reported from Pestivirus isolates originated from cattle in Turkey. Based on phylogenetic analysis of 5' untranslated region and Npro and secondary structure analysis of the 5'-UTR RNA, Turkish isolates have been segregated in two distinct genotypes. Out of the twenty-three identified BVDV-1 genotypes, the Turkish clusters, named L and R or 1.16 and 1.14, according to palindromic nucleotide substitution genotyping method, represent genomic clusters so far, not described elsewhere, suggesting geographic segregation. In order to avoid confusion in the current taxonomy of the species, nomenclature of described homonymous genotypes, referred to different genomic clusters, should be corrected.


Assuntos
Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 1/classificação , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 1/genética , Variação Genética , Genótipo , Regiões 5' não Traduzidas , Animais , Doença das Mucosas por Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/virologia , Bovinos , Análise por Conglomerados , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 1/isolamento & purificação , Filogeografia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Homologia de Sequência , Turquia , Proteínas Virais/genética
10.
J Virol Methods ; 256: 37-76, 2018 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29462648

RESUMO

Pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 species is responsible for cosmopolitan diseases affecting cattle and other ruminants, presenting a wide range of clinical manifestations, with relevant impact on zootechnic production. Understanding genomic characteristic and virus taxonomy is fundamental in order to sustain control and prophylactic programs. Given the recent various studies reporting a relatively high number of new strains, in particular from Asian countries, in the present study, four hundred-eighty-two genomic sequences have been evaluated applying the palindromic nucleotide substitutions method for genotyping. Based on the secondary structure alignment and computing genetic distance among strains in the 5' untranslated region of Pestivirus RNA, the current taxonomy of the species was reviewed. Twenty-two genotypes have been identified, applying a nomenclature based on divergence in the genus.


Assuntos
Doença das Mucosas por Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/diagnóstico , Doença das Mucosas por Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/virologia , Código de Barras de DNA Taxonômico , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 1/classificação , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 1/genética , Sequências Repetidas Invertidas , Regiões 5' não Traduzidas , Animais , Bovinos , Código de Barras de DNA Taxonômico/métodos , Genótipo , Filogenia , RNA Viral
11.
J Wildl Dis ; 50(2): 412-5, 2014 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24484489

RESUMO

We report detection of hemoplasma in wild Japanese badgers (Meles meles anakuma) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus). Sequence analysis of the entire 16S rRNA genes identified Mycoplasma haemocanis in the raccoon dog sample, and a potential novel Mycoplasma species in the Japanese badger.


Assuntos
Mustelidae , Infecções por Mycoplasma/veterinária , Mycoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Cães Guaxinins , Animais , Feminino , Japão/epidemiologia , Mycoplasma/classificação , Infecções por Mycoplasma/epidemiologia , Infecções por Mycoplasma/microbiologia , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária
12.
J Virol Methods ; 195: 34-53, 2014 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24134936

RESUMO

Two-hundred and eighty-one strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (BVDV-1) were evaluated according to the palindromic nucleotide substitutions (PNS) method, a simple and practical genotyping procedure, at the three variable loci, V1, V2 and V3, in the 5'-untranslated region of genomic RNA. Ten PNSs were characteristic to the Pestivirus genus, located in the V1 and V2 loci. The BVDV-1 species shared a U-A pairing, a species-characteristic PNS, in position fifteen common to the V1 locus, and a G-C pairing in position five common to the V2 and V3 loci. Within the BVDV-1 species, 15 genotypes, BVDV-1a, BVDV-1b, BVDV-1c, BVDV-1d, and the newly described from BVDV-1e to BVDV-1o were identified based on characteristic nucleotide base pairings. The nomenclature reflected the genotypes' level of divergence within the species. Genotypes BVDV-1l, BVDV-1m and BVDV-1o were borderline in the species.


Assuntos
Regiões 5' não Traduzidas , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 1/classificação , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 1/genética , Variação Genética , Animais , Pareamento de Bases , Doença das Mucosas por Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/virologia , Bovinos , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 1/isolamento & purificação , Genótipo
13.
Vet Ital ; 49(3): 285-9, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24166480

RESUMO

Ovine sera collected in the Prefectures of Hokkaido, Aomori and Iwate in the Northern Japan were examined for the presence of antibodies against Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), bovine Herpesvirus type 1 (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis: IBR) and Parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) using serum neutralisation (SN) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests. Twenty-three animals (11.73%) out of the 196 tested were sero-positive to PIV3. Sixteen animals (8.69%) out of the 184 tested reacted to RSV. No animals were positive to IBR antigen. Sero-conversions to PIV3 were detected in Hokkaido and Iwate (14.92% and 8.82%, respectively). Antibodies against RSV were detected in Hokkaido (9.23%) and Aomori (14.28%). Although no diagnostic measures were in place, the infections did not appear to be related to any reduction in sheep productivity.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Herpesvirus Bovino 1/imunologia , Vírus da Parainfluenza 3 Humana/imunologia , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Bovino/imunologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/sangue , Doenças dos Ovinos/virologia , Animais , Feminino , Japão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Prevalência , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia
14.
J Virol Methods ; 192(1-2): 59-67, 2013 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23684846

RESUMO

The genus Pestivirus from the family Flaviviridae is represented by four established species; Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1); Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (BVDV-2); Border disease virus (BDV); and Classical swine fever virus (CSFV); as well a tentative species from a Giraffe. The palindromic nucleotide substitutions (PNS) in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of Pestivirus RNA has been described as a new, simple and practical method for genotyping. New software is described, also named PNS, that was prepared specifically for this PNS genotyping procedure. Pestivirus identification using PNS was evaluated on five hundred and forty-three sequences at genus, species and genotype level using this software. The software is freely available at www.pns-software.com.


Assuntos
Biologia Computacional/métodos , Sequências Repetidas Invertidas , Nucleotídeos/genética , Pestivirus/classificação , Pestivirus/genética , RNA Viral/genética , Regiões 5' não Traduzidas , Animais , Genótipo , Pestivirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Pestivirus/diagnóstico , Infecções por Pestivirus/veterinária , Software , Virologia/métodos
15.
J Vet Med Sci ; 75(6): 815-8, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23358513

RESUMO

Ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) causes sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF), and is responsible for economic losses in cattle and other susceptible species around the world. A survey of 154 serum samples from 14 flocks in 3 Japanese prefectures (Hokkaido, Aomori and Iwate) was undertaken between 2007 and 2008 to test for antibodies to OvHV-2. OvHV-2 was present in 56 sheep and 2 goats, with 37.66% of samples having a positive reaction using a serum neutralization test. The immune reaction reported in goats could result from Caprine herpesvirus-2. These results indicate that sheep are reservoirs for OvHV-2 in the field in Japan, and they might transmit the virus to susceptible cattle and wild fauna.


Assuntos
Doenças das Cabras/sangue , Febre Catarral Maligna/epidemiologia , Testes Sorológicos/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/sangue , Animais , Bovinos , Feminino , Doenças das Cabras/epidemiologia , Doenças das Cabras/virologia , Cabras , Japão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/virologia
16.
J Vet Med Sci ; 75(5): 679-84, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23318575

RESUMO

A serological survey was carried out in the northern prefectures of Hokkaido, Iwate and Aomori in Japan, for the presence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii, Chlamydiapsittaci var. ovis, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, Coxiella burnetii, Brucella spp., Leptospirosis and Orf virus (ORFV). Out of 267 samples tested, highest overall prevalence (28.78%) was found for T. gondii. The 12.59% of tested sheep were positive for C. psittaci var. ovis. A total of 8.67% were found to be seropositive for C. burnetii. Levels of these infections were found in all three prefectures. Seroconversion to ORFV was detected in Hokkaido and Iwate Prefectures (2.57%). Animals were positive only for L. ballum (1.50%), in Hokkaido and Aomori Prefectures. No animals tested positive for Brucella spp. and M. paratuberculosis.


Assuntos
Brucelose/veterinária , Ectima Contagioso/epidemiologia , Leptospirose/veterinária , Paratuberculose/epidemiologia , Psitacose/veterinária , Febre Q/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Toxoplasmose Animal/epidemiologia , Animais , Anticorpos/sangue , Brucelose/epidemiologia , Ectima Contagioso/virologia , Japão/epidemiologia , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Psitacose/epidemiologia , Febre Q/epidemiologia , Testes Sorológicos/veterinária , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/parasitologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/virologia
17.
Trop Anim Health Prod ; 44(3): 395-8, 2012 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21830171

RESUMO

Sheep flocks from Hokkaido, Iwate and Aomori, three northern prefectures of Japan, were screened for antibodies to Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Mycoplasma agalactiae by ELISA. Sixty four animals out of 246 (26%) were seropositive to M. ovipneumoniae, with positive results obtained from all three prefectures. None of the sera tested were serologically positive to M. agalactiae.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Infecções por Mycoplasma/veterinária , Mycoplasma agalactiae/fisiologia , Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae/fisiologia , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Animais , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Feminino , Japão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Infecções por Mycoplasma/sangue , Infecções por Mycoplasma/epidemiologia , Infecções por Mycoplasma/microbiologia , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/sangue , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/epidemiologia , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/microbiologia , Prevalência , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/sangue , Doenças dos Ovinos/microbiologia
18.
Vet Ital ; 48(4): 357-65, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23277117

RESUMO

Ovine sera collected from the northern Prefectures of Hokkaido, Iwate and Aomori in Japan, were examined for the presence of antibodies against Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) using the complement fixation test and, against Brucella spp., using both the rapid serum agglutination test and the complement fixation test. None of the sera tested were serologically positive to Brucella spp. A total of 21 animals (8.64%) out of 243 samples tested were seropositive to the C. burnetii antigen. Levels of infection were observed in all of the three Prefectures and in ten flocks of the fourteen sampled. Although no diagnostic measures were in place, the infection could not be linked to losses in sheep production or to the decreased fertility in ewes, a lower lambing rate and mortality in lambs. These data confirmed that Q fever is widespread in the sheep population in the area studied. Considering the zoonotic potential of the disease, further studies to investigate the epidemiology of Q fever in this region are required.


Assuntos
Brucelose/veterinária , Febre Q/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/sangue , Doenças dos Ovinos/diagnóstico , Animais , Brucelose/sangue , Brucelose/diagnóstico , Brucelose/epidemiologia , Japão/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Febre Q/sangue , Febre Q/diagnóstico , Febre Q/epidemiologia , Testes Sorológicos , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia
19.
Vet Ital ; 47(4): 437-51, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22194226

RESUMO

Ovine sera collected from the northern Prefectures of Hokkaido, Iwate and Aomori in Japan, were examined for the presence of antibodies against visna-maedi virus using the agar gel immunodiffusion test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Three animals (1.12%), out of 267 samples tested, were found to be seropositive to the visna-maedi antigens in both tests. Levels of infection were found in flocks from Hokkaido and Iwate Prefectures, but not in the Aomori Prefecture. Nucleic acid detection by polymerase chain reaction on serum samples did not give positive results. Although no diagnostic measures were in place, the infection could not be related to losses in sheep production or to reduced survival rates. The very limited visna-maedi distribution indicates a highly favourable condition for the application of eradication strategies in this area.


Assuntos
Pneumonia Intersticial Progressiva dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Vírus Visna-Maedi , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Japão/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Intersticial Progressiva dos Ovinos/sangue , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Ovinos
20.
Vet Ital ; 47(4): 415-35, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22194225

RESUMO

The 5'-untranslated region of Pestivirus strains isolated from domestic and wild animals were analysed to determine their taxonomic status according to nucleotide changes in the secondary genomic structure using the palindromic nucleotide substitutions (PNS) method. A total of 131 isolates out of 536 Pestivirus strains evaluated, were clustered as Border disease virus (BDV) species. The BDV strains were further divided into at least 8 genotypes or subspecies. Thirty-two isolates from small ruminants suffering from clinical symptoms of Border disease were clustered into bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (BVDV-1), BVDV-2 and classical swine fever (hog cholera) virus species and also into the tentative BDV-2 species. Since the definition of an infectious disease is based primarily on a specific causative pathogen and taking into account the heterogeneity of the genus Pestivirus, clinical cases should be named according to the laboratory results. The PNS procedure could be useful for laboratory diagnosis of Border disease in domestic and wild ruminants.


Assuntos
Vírus da Doença da Fronteira/classificação , Vírus da Doença da Fronteira/genética , Variação Genética , Animais
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