Citius, Altius, Fortius: Agreement between Perkins and Dynamic Contour Tonometry (Pascal) and the Impact of Altitude.

INTRODUCTION: To ascertain differences in intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement and their repeatability between dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) and Goldmann/Perkins applanation tonometry (GAT) at two different atmospheric pressures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one eyes of 41 healthy consenting subjects were enrolled for this observational, cross-sectional study. Pachymetry and IOP measurements with DCT and GAT for both eyes of each subject at Acapulco (0 m from sea level) and at Mexico City (2,234 m from sea level) were done by the same observer. The IOP was compared between tonometers at each of the altitudes, and also for repeatability of each tonometer at different altitudes. Pearson's correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess reliability of measurements and their differences at the two altitudes. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 41.7 (28-66 years); 22 were females. Mean IOP with DCT was 16.1 ± 2.2 mm Hg at sea level and 15.9 ± 2.1 mm Hg at 2,234 m above sea level, not a significant difference. Mean GAT IOP at the two altitudes was 13.1 ± 1.8 and 11.5 ± 1.7 mm Hg respectively, a statistically sig -nificant difference. In contrast, central corneal thickness (CCT) was not significantly changed (548.3 to 549.4 µm, p = 0.496). CONCLUSION: Repeatability of single-observer measurements with GAT remains clinically acceptable, but not at different altitudes. The DCT seems to more consistently measure a similar IOP at different altitudes in the same subjects. The two tonometers may not be used interchangeably in the serial follow-up of patients at any of the altitudes.How to cite this article: Albis-Donado O, Bhartiya S, Gil-Reyes M, Casale-Vargas G, Arreguin-Rebollar N, Kahook MY. Citius, Altius, Fortius: Agreement between Perkins and Dynamic Contour Tonometry (Pascal) and the Impact of Altitude. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2018;12(1):40-44.

Síndrome de dispersión pigmentaria / Pigmentary dispersion syndrome

Se hace una revisión histórica del síndrome de dispersión pigmentaria. Se presentan los argumentos que proponen diferentes investigadores para apoyar que la presencia del pigmento es la causa, por azolve, del aumento de la presión intraocular, así como las teorías que abogan que es la lesión de las células endoteliales trabeculares el factor producto del glaucoma. Se hace referencia a los estudios genéticos con relación a la determinación de la presencia clínica de este síndrome. Se discute sobre los posibles mecanismos de aumento de la presión con el ejercicio y el cuadro clínico y la evolución natural de la enfermedad. Se hace un análisis de los métodos de tratamiento médico y quirúrgico