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1.
Nutrition ; 123: 112425, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38621324

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Treatment with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) has brought a significant change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and clinical parameters. However, it also results in weight gain. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of CFTR modulator treatment on body composition, measured by computed tomography (CT). METHODS: Adult subjects with CF under follow-up at La Princesa University Hospital were recruited. All of them were on elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) treatment. Body composition analysis was conducted using CT scans and an open-source software. The results were then compared with bioimpedance estimations, as well as other clinical and spirometry data. RESULTS: Our sample consisted of 26 adult subjects. The fat mass compartments on CT scans correlated with similar compartments on bioimpedance, and normal-density muscle mass exhibited a strong correlation with phase angle. Higher levels of very low-density muscle prior to treatment were associated with lower final FEV1 and less improvement in FEV1 after therapy. We observed an increase in total body area (P < 0.001), driven by increases in total fat mass (P < 0.001), subcutaneous fat (P < 0.001), visceral fat (P = 0.002), and intermuscular fat (P = 0.022). The only muscle compartment that showed an increase after treatment was very low-density muscle (P = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS: CT scans represent an opportunity to assess body composition on CF. Combination treatment with CFTR modulators, leads to an improvement in FEV1 and to an increase in body mass in all compartments primarily at the expense of fat mass.


Assuntos
Aminofenóis , Composição Corporal , Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística , Fibrose Cística , Combinação de Medicamentos , Quinolonas , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Humanos , Fibrose Cística/tratamento farmacológico , Fibrose Cística/fisiopatologia , Fibrose Cística/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Composição Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Feminino , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/genética , Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/efeitos dos fármacos , Aminofenóis/uso terapêutico , Quinolonas/uso terapêutico , Quinolonas/farmacologia , Seguimentos , Adulto Jovem , Indóis/farmacologia , Indóis/uso terapêutico , Volume Expiratório Forçado/efeitos dos fármacos , Benzodioxóis/uso terapêutico , Benzodioxóis/farmacologia , Impedância Elétrica
2.
Biomedicines ; 11(6)2023 Jun 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37371849

RESUMO

Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) is a complication associated with a negative prognosis in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Although the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is the widely recommended screening test for CFRD diagnosis, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is increasingly considered a useful and easy-to-perform test for diagnosis and follow-up in clinical practice. Regarding CFRD treatment, although insulin is the classic approved pharmacological option, incretins could also be a helpful alternative in early stages. CGM could be also a useful tool to measure the early response to this therapy. METHODS: We studied 25 CF patients with abnormal OGTT results and compared glucose and insulin levels during the OGTTs with CGM results as a tool for early CFRD diagnosis. In addition, we evaluated glycaemic control with CGM before and after treatment with sitagliptin. RESULTS: A correlation was found between lower plasma insulin levels during the OGTTs and higher average sensor glucose (p = 0.009) and hyperglycaemic excursions (p = 0.017). The CGM data on sitagliptin treatment (n = 25) showed an average glycaemic improvement from 124.2 to 117.2 mg/dL (p = 0.002) with a 5.6-point standard deviation of glucose decrease (p < 0.001). Hyperglycaemic excursions ≥200 mg/dL diminished 57.1% (p = 0.021). Both time in range and time above 180 mg/dL improved during treatment (p = 0.036 and p = 0.006, respectively). CONCLUSION: CGM is a useful tool that offers valuable information for both the diagnosis and the management of CFRD. Lower plasma insulin levels during OGTTs are associated with a poor ambulatory glucose profile in CGM. Sitagliptin could play an important role in the treatment of the early stages of CFRD.

3.
J Clin Med ; 12(10)2023 May 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37240682

RESUMO

The use of inhaled antibiotics was initially almost exclusively confined to patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, it has been extended in recent decades to patients with non-CF bronchiectasis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who present with chronic bronchial infection by potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Inhaled antibiotics reach high concentrations in the area of infection, which enhances their effect and enables their long-term administration to defeat the most resistant infections, while minimizing possible adverse effects. New formulations of inhaled dry powder antibiotics have been developed, providing, among other advantages, faster preparation and administration of the drug, as well as avoiding the requirement to clean nebulization equipment. In this review, we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of devices that allow the inhalation of antibiotics, especially dry powder inhalers. We describe their general characteristics, the different inhalers on the market and the proper way to use them. We analyze the factors that influence the way in which the dry powder drug reaches the lower airways, as well as aspects of microbiological effectiveness and risks of resistance development. We review the scientific evidence on the use of colistin and tobramycin with this type of device, both in patients with CF and with non-CF bronchiectasis. Finally, we discuss the literature on the development of new dry powder antibiotics.

7.
Rev Iberoam Micol ; 38(4): 168-174, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34535388

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: There are important advances in the management of bacterial infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), but there are many gaps in the field of fungal infections. AIMS: The aim of this study was to analyse whether chronic respiratory filamentous fungal colonization had clinical impact and whether antifungal treatment can change the disease. METHODS: The prospective, bicentric and descriptive study was carried out within a 3-year follow-up period, with four-month periodicity medical controls. Adult patients from two CF units of tertiary hospitals were included. Clinical, microbiological, analytical and spirometric variables were collected. Quality of life was evaluated in a subgroup, using the Spanish version of the Revised Cystic Fibrosis Quality of Life Questionnaire (CFQ-R). To statistically analyze the evolution of forced expiratory along time (volume of air blown out in 1 second -FEV1-) and the forced vital capacity (FVC), mixed linear models were carried out. RESULTS: From the ninety-eight patients under study, 40 suffered chronic filamentous fungal colonization. The presence of filamentous fungi in airway was associated to an annual fall of FEV1 and FVC of 0.029 and 0.017 litres, respectively (p<0.001). In addition, worse quality of life based on CFQ-R, significant when concerning physical condition and emotional state, was also linked with the fungal colonization. Protocolized antifungal therapy, nebulized or oral, improved FEV1 in 0.023 and 0.024 litres per year, respectively (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic filamentous fungal colonization in patients with CF is associated with a significant annual decline of lung function that persists over time. Chronic antifungal therapy slows down this progression, mainly in the patient with more advanced disease.


Assuntos
Fibrose Cística , Micoses , Adulto , Fibrose Cística/complicações , Fungos , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Qualidade de Vida
9.
J Infect ; 77(2): 99-106, 2018 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29746946

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Despite the clinical relevance of exacerbations in bronchiectasis (BE), little is known about the microbiology and outcomes of pneumonic (CAP) vs. non-pneumonic (NOCAP) exacerbations. METHODS: This study compares clinical and microbiological characteristics of CAP vs. NOCAP in adults with BE. We performed a multicenter prospective observational study of consecutive cases of NOCAP and CAP from four Spanish hospitals (2011-2015). RESULTS: We recruited 144 patients, 47 of them CAP (33%) cases. CAP patients were older, with a larger representation of males, more comorbidities, higher arterial hypertension and COPD but less chronic bronchial infection and previous history of exacerbations. Clinical presentation was similar, excepting creatinine, C-reactive protein (C-RP), glucose and leukocytes which were higher in CAP. C-RP of 8.38 mg/dL showed a significant predictive discrimination for CAP. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the first causes of CAP and NOCAP, respectively. The rate of microbiological concordance with previous chronic bronchial infection was variable. Main clinical outcomes (mortality, length of stay, etc.) were similar in the two groups. Chronic bronchial infection and history of frequent exacerbations (≥ 2/year) were associated with a reduced risk of CAP. CONCLUSIONS: CAP and NOCAP in BE had similar clinical presentation with the exception of fever, leukocytosis, and C-RP. Microbiology also differed. A cut-off value of C-RP ≥ 8.38 mg/dL can predict CAP in bronchiectasis.


Assuntos
Bronquiectasia/complicações , Pneumonia Bacteriana/complicações , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco
10.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 54(2): 79-87, feb. 2018. graf, tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-172526

RESUMO

En 2008 la Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR) publicó las primeras normativas del mundo sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las bronquiectasias. Tras casi una década muchos han sido los avances científicos en esta enfermedad, no solo en sus aspectos terapéuticos, sino también en su valoración y diagnóstico. Por ello, estas nuevas normativas sobre la valoración y diagnóstico de las bronquiectasias tratan de ofrecer al lector una actualización del conocimiento científico sobre las bronquiectasias basándose en un estricto procedimiento metodológico que asegura la calidad del contenido de las mismas, y en una amplia cantidad de información online que incluye abundante bibliografía. Estas normativas recogen desde una definición consensuada de bronquiectasias hasta la valoración de la historia natural y del pronóstico de la enfermedad. Se tratan los temas de mayor interés y algunos novedosos, como epidemiología y costes económicos de las bronquiectasias, aspectos fisiopatológicos, etiología (haciendo especial énfasis en la relación con otras enfermedades de la vía aérea como la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y el asma), aspectos clínico-funcionales, medición de la calidad de vida, diagnóstico y valoración radiológica, algoritmo diagnóstico, aspectos microbiológicos (incluyendo la definición consensuada de conceptos clave como el de erradicación bacteriana o infección bronquial crónica), así como la valoración de la gravedad y el pronóstico de la enfermedad mediante el uso de las nuevas herramientas multidimensionales publicadas (AU)


In 2008, the Spanish Society of Pulmonology (SEPAR) published the first guidelines in the world on the diagnosis and treatment of bronchiectasis. Almost 10 years later, considerable scientific advances have been made in both the treatment and the evaluation and diagnosis of this disease, and the original guidelines have been updated to include the latest scientific knowledge on bronchiectasis. These new recommendations have been drafted following a strict methodological process designed to ensure the quality of content, and are linked to a large amount of online information that includes a wealth of references. These guidelines cover aspects ranging from a consensual definition of bronchiectasis to an evaluation of the natural course and prognosis of the disease. The topics of greatest interest and some new areas are addressed, including epidemiology and economic costs of bronchiectasis, pathophysiological aspects, the causes (placing particular emphasis on the relationship with other airway diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma), clinical and functional aspects, measurement of quality of life, radiological diagnosis and assessment, diagnostic algorithms, microbiological aspects (including the definition of key concepts, such as bacterial eradication or chronic bronchial infection), and the evaluation of severity and disease prognosis using recently published multidimensional too (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Bronquiectasia/classificação , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico , Bronquiectasia/prevenção & controle , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquiectasia/tratamento farmacológico , Bronquiectasia/mortalidade , Bronquiectasia/terapia
11.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 54(2): 88-98, feb. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-172527

RESUMO

En 2008, la Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR) publicó las primeras normativas del mundo sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las bronquiectasias. Tras casi una década, muchos han sido los avances científicos en esta enfermedad, tanto en sus aspectos terapéuticos como en su valoración y diagnóstico. Por ello estas nuevas normativas sobre el tratamiento de las bronquiectasias en el adulto tratan de ofrecer al lector una actualización del conocimiento científico sobre las posibilidades terapéuticas en bronquiectasias, basándose en un estricto procedimiento metodológico que asegura la calidad del contenido de la misma, y en una amplia cantidad de información online que incluye abundante bibliografía. En estas normativas se ha enfocado el tratamiento de las bronquiectasias desde un punto de vista tanto multidisciplinar, que implica las especialidades y escalones asistenciales involucrados, como multidimensional que incluye todos y cada uno de los aspectos que definen a la enfermedad. Así, se establecen recomendaciones basadas en una exhaustiva revisión de la evidencia sobre los tratamientos de la etiología, de la infección bronquial en sus diferentes formas de presentación y con las diferentes terapias existentes, de la inflamación bronquial y de la obstrucción al flujo aéreo. Se revisan los aspectos nutricionales, el manejo de las secreciones, el entrenamiento muscular, el manejo de las complicaciones y comorbilidades, la profilaxis de la infección, los aspectos educacionales, el manejo del paciente en el domicilio, el tratamiento quirúrgico, las agudizaciones y el seguimiento de los pacientes (AU)


In 2008, the Spanish Society of Pulmonology (SEPAR) published the first guidelines in the world on the diagnosis and treatment of bronchiectasis. Almost 10 years later, considerable scientific advances have been made in both the treatment and the evaluation and diagnosis of this disease, and the original guidelines have been updated to include the latest therapies available for bronchiectasis. These new recommendations have been drafted following a strict methodological process designed to ensure quality of content, and are linked to a large amount of online information that includes a wealth of references. The guidelines are focused on the treatment of bronchiectasis from both a multidisciplinary perspective, including specialty areas and the different healthcare levels involved, and a multidimensional perspective, including a comprehensive overview of the specific aspects of the disease. A series of recommendations have been drawn up, based on an in-depth review of the evidence for treatment of the underlying etiology, the bronchial infection in its different forms of presentation using existing therapies, bronchial inflammation, and airflow obstruction. Nutritional aspects, management of secretions, muscle training, management of complications and comorbidities, infection prophylaxis, patient education, home care, surgery, exacerbations, and patient follow-up are addressed (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Bronquiectasia/classificação , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico , Bronquiectasia/terapia , Bronquiectasia/tratamento farmacológico , Bronquiectasia/prevenção & controle , Bronquiectasia/cirurgia
12.
Arch Bronconeumol (Engl Ed) ; 54(2): 79-87, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29128130

RESUMO

In 2008, the Spanish Society of Pulmonology (SEPAR) published the first guidelines in the world on the diagnosis and treatment of bronchiectasis. Almost 10 years later, considerable scientific advances have been made in both the treatment and the evaluation and diagnosis of this disease, and the original guidelines have been updated to include the latest scientific knowledge on bronchiectasis. These new recommendations have been drafted following a strict methodological process designed to ensure the quality of content, and are linked to a large amount of online information that includes a wealth of references. These guidelines cover aspects ranging from a consensual definition of bronchiectasis to an evaluation of the natural course and prognosis of the disease. The topics of greatest interest and some new areas are addressed, including epidemiology and economic costs of bronchiectasis, pathophysiological aspects, the causes (placing particular emphasis on the relationship with other airway diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma), clinical and functional aspects, measurement of quality of life, radiological diagnosis and assessment, diagnostic algorithms, microbiological aspects (including the definition of key concepts, such as bacterial eradication or chronic bronchial infection), and the evaluation of severity and disease prognosis using recently published multidimensional tools.


Assuntos
Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico , Idoso , Asma/complicações , Infecções Bacterianas/diagnóstico , Bronquiectasia/etiologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Microbiota , Prognóstico , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/complicações , Qualidade de Vida , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
13.
Arch Bronconeumol (Engl Ed) ; 54(2): 88-98, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29128129

RESUMO

In 2008, the Spanish Society of Pulmonology (SEPAR) published the first guidelines in the world on the diagnosis and treatment of bronchiectasis. Almost 10 years later, considerable scientific advances have been made in both the treatment and the evaluation and diagnosis of this disease, and the original guidelines have been updated to include the latest therapies available for bronchiectasis. These new recommendations have been drafted following a strict methodological process designed to ensure quality of content, and are linked to a large amount of online information that includes a wealth of references. The guidelines are focused on the treatment of bronchiectasis from both a multidisciplinary perspective, including specialty areas and the different healthcare levels involved, and a multidimensional perspective, including a comprehensive overview of the specific aspects of the disease. A series of recommendations have been drawn up, based on an in-depth review of the evidence for treatment of the underlying etiology, the bronchial infection in its different forms of presentation using existing therapies, bronchial inflammation, and airflow obstruction. Nutritional aspects, management of secretions, muscle training, management of complications and comorbidities, infection prophylaxis, patient education, home care, surgery, exacerbations, and patient follow-up are addressed.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Bronquiectasia/terapia , Bronquite/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Pseudomonas/tratamento farmacológico , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Administração por Inalação , Adulto , Bronquiectasia/etiologia , Doença Crônica , Terapia por Exercício , Expectorantes/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Transplante de Pulmão , Desnutrição/terapia , Infecções por Pseudomonas/complicações
14.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 53(7): 366-374, jul. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-164545

RESUMO

Introducción: Las bronquiectasias son la consecuencia final de múltiples patologías. Establecer la etiología tiene implicaciones clínicas y pronósticas. El objetivo fue evaluar la etiología de las bronquiectasias en una amplia muestra de pacientes, su posible relación con factores demográficos, clínicos o de gravedad, así como analizar las diferencias entre las idiopáticas, las postinfecciosas y las debidas a otras causas. Métodos: Estudio multicéntrico, transversal, del Registro Histórico Español de la SEPAR (RHEBQ-SEPAR). Se incluyeron prospectivamente pacientes adultos con bronquiectasias seguidos por neumólogos. Para el estudio etiológico se siguieron las recomendaciones y pruebas diagnósticas protocolizadas en el registro que posteriormente fueron recogidas en la normativa SEPAR de bronquiectasias. Resultados: Se analizaron 2.047 pacientes de 36 centros españoles. La edad media fue de 64,9 años y el 54,9% fueron mujeres. La etiología se identificó en el 75,8% de los casos (postinfecciosa: 30%; fibrosis quística: 12,5%; inmunodeficiencias: 9,4%; EPOC: 7,8%; asma: 5,4%; discinesia ciliar: 2,9%, y enfermedades sistémicas: 1,4%). Las distintas etiologías presentaban diferencias demográficas, clínicas y microbiológicas. Las bronquiectasias postinfecciosas y las secundarias a EPOC y asma presentaban más riesgo de tener peor función pulmonar. Los pacientes con bronquiectasias postinfecciosas eran mayores y se diagnosticaban más tarde. Las bronquiectasias idiopáticas predominaban en mujeres no fumadoras y se asociaban a mejor función pulmonar, mayor índice de masa corporal y menor frecuencia de infección por Pseudomonas aeruginosa que las de causa conocida. Conclusiones: La etiología de las bronquiectasias se ha identificado en una gran proporción de los pacientes incluidos en el RHEBQ-SEPAR. Se pueden reconocer diferentes fenotipos relacionados con las distintas causas (AU)


Introduction: Bronchiectasis is caused by many diseases. Establishing its etiology is important for clinical and prognostic reasons. The aim of this study was to evaluate the etiology of bronchiectasis in a large patient sample and its possible relationship with demographic, clinical or severity factors, and to analyze differences between idiopathic disease, post-infectious disease, and disease caused by other factors. Methods: Multicenter, cross-sectional study of the SEPAR Spanish Historical Registry (RHEBQ-SEPAR). Adult patients with bronchiectasis followed by pulmonologists were included prospectively. Etiological studies were based on guidelines and standardized diagnostic tests included in the register, which were later included in the SEPAR guidelines on bronchiectasis. Results: A total of 2,047 patients from 36 Spanish hospitals were analyzed. Mean age was 64.9 years and 54.9% were women. Etiology was identified in 75.8% of cases (post-Infection: 30%; cystic fibrosis: 12.5%; immunodeficiencies: 9.4%; COPD: 7.8%; asthma: 5.4%; ciliary dyskinesia: 2.9%, and systemic diseases: 1.4%). The different etiologies presented different demographic, clinical, and microbiological factors. Post-infectious bronchiectasis and bronchiectasis caused by COPD and asthma were associated with an increased risk of poorer lung function. Patients with post-infectious bronchiectasis were older and were diagnosed later. Idiopathic bronchiectasis was more common in female non-smokers and was associated with better lung function, a higher body mass index, and a lower rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa than bronchiectasis of known etiology. Conclusions: The etiology of bronchiectasis was identified in a large proportion of patients included in the RHEBQ-SEPAR registry. Different phenotypes associated with different causes could be identified (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Bronquiectasia/etiologia , Testes de Função Respiratória/métodos , Bronquiectasia/epidemiologia , Registros de Doenças , Fenótipo , Estudos Prospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores de Risco
15.
PLoS One ; 12(5): e0177931, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28542286

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Few studies have evaluated the coexistence of bronchiectasis (BE) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in series of patients diagnosed primarily with BE. The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with BE associated with COPD included in the Spanish Bronchiectasis Historical Registry and compare them to the remaining patients with non-cystic fibrosis BE. METHODS: We conducted a multicentre observational study of historical cohorts, analysing the characteristics of 1,790 patients who had been included in the registry between 2002 and 2011. Of these, 158 (8.8%) were registered as BE related to COPD and were compared to the remaining patients with BE of other aetiologies. RESULTS: Patients with COPD were mostly male, older, had a poorer respiratory function and more frequent exacerbations. There were no differences in the proportion of patients with chronic bronchial colonisation or in the isolated microorganisms. A significantly larger proportion of patients with COPD received treatment with bronchodilators, inhaled steroids and intravenous antibiotics, but there was no difference in the use of long term oral or inhaled antibiotherapy. During a follow-up period of 3.36 years, the overall proportion of deaths was 13.8%. When compared to the remaining aetiologies, patients with BE associated with COPD presented the highest mortality rate. The multivariate analysis showed that the diagnosis of COPD in a patient with BE as a primary diagnosis increased the risk of death by 1.77. CONCLUSION: Patients with BE related to COPD have the same microbiological characteristics as patients with BE due to other aetiologies. They receive treatment with long term oral and inhaled antibiotics aimed at controlling chronic bronchial colonisation, even though the current COPD treatment guidelines do not envisage this type of therapy. These patients' mortality is notably higher than that of remaining patients with non-cystic fibrosis BE.


Assuntos
Bronquiectasia/complicações , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/complicações , Sistema de Registros , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/epidemiologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/fisiopatologia , Respiração , Espanha/epidemiologia , Análise de Sobrevida
16.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 53(7): 366-374, 2017 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28118936

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Bronchiectasis is caused by many diseases. Establishing its etiology is important for clinical and prognostic reasons. The aim of this study was to evaluate the etiology of bronchiectasis in a large patient sample and its possible relationship with demographic, clinical or severity factors, and to analyze differences between idiopathic disease, post-infectious disease, and disease caused by other factors. METHODS: Multicenter, cross-sectional study of the SEPAR Spanish Historical Registry (RHEBQ-SEPAR). Adult patients with bronchiectasis followed by pulmonologists were included prospectively. Etiological studies were based on guidelines and standardized diagnostic tests included in the register, which were later included in the SEPAR guidelines on bronchiectasis. RESULTS: A total of 2,047 patients from 36 Spanish hospitals were analyzed. Mean age was 64.9years and 54.9% were women. Etiology was identified in 75.8% of cases (post-Infection: 30%; cystic fibrosis: 12.5%; immunodeficiencies: 9.4%; COPD: 7.8%; asthma: 5.4%; ciliary dyskinesia: 2.9%, and systemic diseases: 1.4%). The different etiologies presented different demographic, clinical, and microbiological factors. Post-infectious bronchiectasis and bronchiectasis caused by COPD and asthma were associated with an increased risk of poorer lung function. Patients with post-infectious bronchiectasis were older and were diagnosed later. Idiopathic bronchiectasis was more common in female non-smokers and was associated with better lung function, a higher body mass index, and a lower rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa than bronchiectasis of known etiology. CONCLUSIONS: The etiology of bronchiectasis was identified in a large proportion of patients included in the RHEBQ-SEPAR registry. Different phenotypes associated with different causes could be identified.


Assuntos
Bronquiectasia/etiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Asma/complicações , Bronquiectasia/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Infecções por Pseudomonas/complicações , Infecções por Pseudomonas/microbiologia , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolamento & purificação , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/complicações , Sistema de Registros , Infecções Respiratórias/complicações , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Espanha/epidemiologia
18.
Ther Clin Risk Manag ; 11: 407-15, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25792839

RESUMO

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a fatal inherited disease caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene whose mortality is conditioned by a progressive decline in lung function. Bacterial infections play a key role in this decline. Chronic bacterial infection in CF patients varies over time and the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in sputum is a marker of poor prognosis. P. aeruginosa is eradicated from the airways using inhaled antibiotics administered in various formulations and devices. Antipseudomonal antibiotics have extended the survival of CF patients to 40 years. Tobramycin is a bactericidal aminoglycoside antibiotic with demonstrated activity against gram-negative microorganisms. Initially, the drug was administered as an inhaled parenteral solution. Subsequently, a specific tobramycin inhalation solution was developed. PulmoSphere™ technology enables dry tobramycin powder to be formulated for inhalation (tobramycin inhalation powder) using a small and portable capsule-based breath-activated device (T-326). Chronic colonization by P. aeruginosa is the main indication for aerosol antibiotic therapy. The American Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, European guidelines, and Spanish consensus guidelines provide different recommendations for eradication.

19.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry ; 36(3): 277-83, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24602964

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The aim was to measure symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with bronchiectasis and evaluate their relationship with a Mediterranean diet. METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited patients with bronchiectasis at four Spanish centers. Patients completed the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and the Mediterranean diet questionnaire (PREDIMED). Demographic, health and outcome data were recorded from medical charts. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety (HADS≥11). RESULTS: Of the 205 participants recruited, 37 (18.0%) had elevated anxiety-related scores and 26 (12.7%) had elevated depression-related scores (HADS≥11). Increased symptoms of depression were significantly associated with being unemployed, a lower education, older age, comorbidity, major dyspnea, worse quality of life (QOL) and a lower PREDIMED score. Increased symptoms of anxiety were significantly associated with more exacerbations, worse QOL and a lower PREDIMED score. Regression analyses indicated that, after adjustment, QOL and the PREDIMED score predicted elevated symptoms of depression and QOL predicted elevated symptoms of anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety is high in patients with bronchiectasis and greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower likelihood of having these symptoms, particularly for depression.


Assuntos
Ansiedade/psicologia , Bronquiectasia/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Dieta Mediterrânea , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Bronquiectasia/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Depressão/epidemiologia , Dieta Mediterrânea/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem
20.
Eur Respir J ; 43(5): 1357-67, 2014 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24232697

RESUMO

Bronchiectasis is a multidimensional disease and, therefore, its severity or prognosis cannot be adequately quantified by analysing one single variable. The objective of the present study was to develop a multidimensional score that classifies the severity of bronchiectasis according to its prognosis. This is an observational multicentre study including 819 patients diagnosed with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis using high-resolution computed tomography. 397 subjects were selected at random to construct the score while the remaining 422 were used for its validation. The outcome was 5-year all-cause mortality after radiological diagnosis. A logistic regression analysis was used to select the variables included in the final score. The final seven-point score incorporated five dichotomised variables: forced expiratory volume in 1 s % predicted (F, cut-off 50%, maximum value 2 points); age (A, cut-off 70 years, maximum value 2 points); presence of chronic colonisation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (C, dichotomic, maximum value 1 point); radiological extension (E, number of lobes affected, cut-off two lobes, maximum value 1 point); and dyspnoea (D, cut-off grade II on the Medical Research Council scale, maximum value 1 point) to construct the FACED score. The validation cohort confirmed the score's validity. We conclude that this easy-to-use multidimensional grading system proved capable of accurately classifying the severity of bronchiectasis according to its prognosis.


Assuntos
Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico , Idoso , Área Sob a Curva , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Seguimentos , Volume Expiratório Forçado , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prognóstico , Pneumologia/métodos , Pneumologia/normas , Análise de Regressão , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento
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