Treatment of maple syrup urine disease: Benefits, risks, and challenges of liver transplantation.

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is caused by a deficiency in the activity of the branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKD) complex, promoting the accumulation of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) leucine, isoleucine, and valine, as well as their respective α-keto acids. MSUD is an autosomal recessive hereditary metabolic disorder characterized by ketoacidosis, ataxia, coma, and mental and psychomotor retardation. The mechanisms involved in the brain damage caused by MSUD are not fully understood. Early diagnosis and treatment, as well as proper control of metabolic decompensation crises, are crucial for patients' survival and for a better prognosis. The recommended treatment consists of a high-calorie diet with restricted protein intake and specific formulas containing essential amino acids, except those accumulated in MSUD. This treatment will be maintained throughout life, being adjusted according to the patients' nutritional needs and BCAA concentration. Because dietary treatment may not be sufficient to prevent neurological damage in MSUD patients, other therapeutic strategies have been studied, including liver transplantation. With transplantation, it is possible to obtain an increase of about 10% of the normal BCKD in the body, an amount sufficient to maintain amino acid homeostasis and reduce metabolic decompensation crises. However, the experience related to this practice is very limited when considering the shortage of liver for transplantation and the risks related to the surgical procedure and immunosuppression. Thus, the purpose of this review is to survey the benefits, risks, and challenges of liver transplantation in the treatment of MSUD.

Étude qualitative sur le vécu de l'annonce du statut VIH aux adolescents en Côte d'Ivoire.

INTRODUCTION: This qualitative study explores the experience of HIV-disclosure among adolescents living with HIV acquired during the perinatal period, followed in pediatric HIV care structures in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. PURPOSE OF RESEARCH: Thirty adolescents and young adults living with HIV, ages 13 to 21, participated in a semi-structured interview about the conditions and consequences of the disclosure and asked for recommendations they would give. The interviews were analyzed using a thematic analysis procedure. RESULTS: We identified three types of illness and coping trajectories related to the HIV-disclosure : the trajectory of acceptance without prior crisis, the trajectory including a crisis before the HIV-disclosure, and the trajectory of crisis occurring after the disclosure. All three trajectories are impacted by the family context and the modalities of medical care. The results of the study show the importance of preparing the HIV-disclosure while including family members in an appropriate setting and confirm the importance of post-announcement follow-up. Peers appear to be an important resource for these young people, especially when they are adolescents living with HIV themselves and involved in the health care plan. CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to the development of intervention strategies to improve the future of adolescents living with HIV, adapted to the local context of Ivory Coast.

Creative expression workshops as Psychological First Aid (PFA) for asylum-seeking children: An exploratory study in temporary shelters in Montreal.

BACKGROUND: Considering the growing number of asylum-seeking children worldwide, research on interventions which may buffer the effects of early resettlement conditions on asylum-seeking children's adjustment is warranted. In Canada, creative expressive workshops for asylum-seeking children and adolescents were implemented as a Psychological First Aid (PFA) intervention in temporary shelters. The present exploratory study aims to describe the implementation of these workshops to assess whether the intervention met core elements of PFA and explore its potential in supporting the diverse needs of asylum-seeking youth in temporary shelters, adopting a process-evaluation research approach. METHOD: The intervention was evaluated via a qualitative thematic analysis of extensive field and supervision notes and focus groups with facilitators. RESULTS: Preliminary results suggest that the intervention contributed to fostering emotional safety and a sense of normalcy in children and supported the creation of connections among both children and parents. Children's expression of past and present experiences during the workshops was seen as a way to promote self-efficacy in children and was reported as a potential way to provide some comfort and hope in a time of high instability. However, the high needs of children and the lack of resources in the temporary shelters represented significant challenges and barriers. CONCLUSIONS: PFA using creative expression may be a promising youth mental health prevention intervention in temporary shelters.

Homicídios conjugais na grande Florianópolis: notícias publicadas no diário catarinense / Conjugal homicides in Florianópolis: news articles published by diário catarinense / Homicidios conyugales en gran Florianópolis: noticias publicadas en diario catarinense

O homicídio conjugal é entendido como uma passagem ao ato que ocorre dentro de uma relação conjugal, na qual os parceiros podem estar juntos ou separados. A presente pesquisa visou realizar um mapeamento dos casos de homicídios conjugais cometidos na Grande Florianópolis, de 2000 a 2010, a fim de identificar as principais variáveis envolvidas nesses homicídios. Para tanto, utilizou-se as reportagens jornalísticas publicadas no jornal de maior circulação na região: Diário Catarinense. Realizou-se uma coleta no banco de dados no arquivo do jornal, a qual totalizou 34 casos de homicídio conjugal. Concluiu-se que há uma predominância de homicídios conjugais nas seguintes situações: cometidos por homens, em casais com relatos de violência conjugal e em casais cuja separação e o ciúme apresentam significativo impacto.

Conjugal homicide is understood as an acting out that occurs within a conjugal relationship in which partners can be together or apart. This research was aimed at mapping the cases of conjugal homicides that were committed in Florianópolis, from 2000 to 2010, in order to identify the main variables involved in these murders. For this, it was used the news reports published in the most popular newspaper in the region: Diário Catarinense. A data collection was conducted in the database of the journal files, which totalized 34 cases of conjugal homicide. It was concluded that there is a predominance of conjugal homicides in the following situations: committed by men, in couples in which there were reports of conjugal violence and in couples in which abandonment and jealousy have a meaningful impact.

Homicidio conyugal se entiende como un pasaje al acto que se produce dentro de una relación conyugal, en la que los socios pueden estar juntos o separados. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo mapear los casos de homicidios conyugales en Florianópolis, de 2000 a 2010, con el fin de identificar las principales variables implicadas en el asesinato. Para ello, se utilizaron los informes de prensa publicados en el periódico más importante de la región: Diário Catarinense. Hubo una recogida en la base de datos en el archivo del periódico, que ascendió a 34 casos de homicidio conyugal. Se concluyó que existe un predominio de homicidios conyugales en las siguientes situaciones: cometidos por los hombres, en las parejas conyugales de las cuales hubo informes de violencia conyugal y en las parejas en que separación y celos tuvieron un significativo impacto.

Dimensões do sofrimento psíquico em estudantes universitários estrangeiros / The dimentions of psychological suffering in foreign university students / Dimensiones del sufrimiento psíquico de estudiantes universitarios extranjeros

Os estudantes universitários estrangeiros fazem parte da categoria de imigrantes voluntários, que se desloca para realizar a formação superior em outro país. O processo imigratório acarreta uma série de desafios e não deixa de ter consequências no psiquismo dos sujeitos. Dessa forma, objetivou-se apresentar e discutir características do sofrimento psíquico desses estudantes estrangeiros residentes em Florianópolis. Para tanto, produziu-se uma pesquisa qualitativa na qual os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 15 participantes. Os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo, com suporte do software Atlas.ti. Assim, foi possível distinguir três subcategorias de análise: sintomas físicos, sociais e psicológicos. Observou-se um alto índice de somatizações, experiências de discriminação e relatos de sentimento de não pertencimento. Em conclusão, ressalta-se a necessidade de se refletir sobre formas de amenizar o sofrimento e de pensar em programas específicos para essa população, principalmente no contexto universitário.

Foreign university students are a part of the category of voluntary immigrants, who travel with the objective of completing higher education in another country. The immigration process entails a series of challenges and has consequences in the psyche of these individuals. Thus, the objective here is to present and discuss characteristics of the psychological suffering of these foreign students living in Florianópolis. For that, a qualitative research was conducted; the data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 15 participants. For data analysis we used the technique of content analysis, supported by the Atlas.ti software. It was distinguished three subcategories of analysis: physical, social and psychological symptoms. It was observed a high index of somatizations, experiences of discrimination and reports of feelings of non-belonging. In conclusion, it is necessary to reflect on ways to soften the suffering and to thinking about specific programs for this population, especially in the university context.

Los estudiantes universitarios extranjeros forman parte de la categoría de inmigrantes voluntarios que se desplaza para realizar su educación superior en otro país. El proceso inmigratorio conlleva a una serie de desafíos, así como a consecuencias en el psiquismo de estos individuos. el objetivo de este trabajo constituye en presentar y discutir las características del sufrimiento psíquico de los estudiantes extranjeros que residen en Florianópolis. Para ello, se ha realizado una investigación cualitativa, en la cual, han sido recolectados datos a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas con 15 participantes. Los datos han sido analizados por medio de la técnica de análisis de contenido, con soporte del software Atlas.ti. Así, ha sido posible distinguir tres subcategorías de análisis: síntomas físicos, sociales y psicológicos. Se ha observado un alto índice de somatizaciones, experiencias de discriminación y relatos de sentimientos de no pertenecer. En conclusión, se resalta la necesidad de reflexionar acerca de formas de disminuir el sufrimiento y de considerar programas específicos para esta población, principalmente en el contexto universitario.

Homicídios conjugais: o que dizem os processos criminais / Spousal homicide: what do criminal cases say

Homicídio conjugal consiste em um ato violento que se inscreve no âmbito de uma relação conjugal, quando os parceiros estão juntos ou separados. Entre as categorias de homicídio, o conjugal tende a desencadear um importante impacto não só na família, mas também na sociedade. No Brasil, pela dificuldade de acesso aos dados, as pesquisas acerca da temática são limitadas, o que impossibilita a obtenção de dados estatísticos representativos do número de homicídios que ocorrem no país e das variáveis neles implicadas. No entanto, no âmbito internacional observa-se a existência de mais estudos acerca do tema. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa visou ao levantamento dos casos de homicídio conjugal cometidos na cidade de Florianópolis, entre 2000 a 2010. Para tanto, realizou-se uma coleta de dados no Tribunal de Justiça de Santa Catarina, Comarca da Capital, a fim de localizar os processos criminais referentes aos casos condizentes com os critérios da amostra, o que totalizou 29 casos. A etapa seguinte da pesquisa consistiu na elaboração e no preenchimento de um protocolo de análise multidimencional do homicídio conjugal. Como resultado, constatou-se que há uma predominância de casos cometidos por agressores do sexo masculino; que a separação de corpos foi o vínculo mais recorrente entre agressor e vítima, a qual também se configurou como a principal motivação encontrada; e que havia no histórico da relação conjugal a presença de violência.(AU)

Spousal Homicide consists in a violent act that subscribes itself within a spousal relationship. Among the categories of homicides, the spousal triggers a significant impact not only in the family but also in the society. In Brazil, the number of researches is limited, making it impossible to obtain statistical data about the number of homicides that occur in the country and the variables involved in them. However, internationally it is observed that there are more studies on the subject. Therefore, the present study aimed to conduct a survey of spousal homicide cases committed in the city of Florianópolis, south of Brazil, between the years 2000 and 2010. The data collection took place at the Santa Catarina Court of Justice, Capital Judicial District, and looked for the criminal cases that matched the sample criteria. A total of 29 cases were found and´this research stage consisted in the elaboration and analysis of a multidimensional analysis protocol of spousal homicide It was found that there is a predominance of cases committed by male aggressors; that the separation was the most recurrent relation between aggressor and victim, which is also the main motivation found; and that the spousal relation had a history of violence.(AU)

Homicídios conjugais: o que dizem os processos criminais / Spousal homicide: what do criminal cases say

Homicídio conjugal consiste em um ato violento que se inscreve no âmbito de uma relação conjugal, quando os parceiros estão juntos ou separados. Entre as categorias de homicídio, o conjugal tende a desencadear um importante impacto não só na família, mas também na sociedade. No Brasil, pela dificuldade de acesso aos dados, as pesquisas acerca da temática são limitadas, o que impossibilita a obtenção de dados estatísticos representativos do número de homicídios que ocorrem no país e das variáveis neles implicadas. No entanto, no âmbito internacional observa-se a existência de mais estudos acerca do tema. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa visou ao levantamento dos casos de homicídio conjugal cometidos na cidade de Florianópolis, entre 2000 a 2010. Para tanto, realizou-se uma coleta de dados no Tribunal de Justiça de Santa Catarina, Comarca da Capital, a fim de localizar os processos criminais referentes aos casos condizentes com os critérios da amostra, o que totalizou 29 casos. A etapa seguinte da pesquisa consistiu na elaboração e no preenchimento de um protocolo de análise multidimencional do homicídio conjugal. Como resultado, constatou-se que há uma predominância de casos cometidos por agressores do sexo masculino; que a separação de corpos foi o vínculo mais recorrente entre agressor e vítima, a qual também se configurou como a principal motivação encontrada; e que havia no histórico da relação conjugal a presença de violência.

Spousal Homicide consists in a violent act that subscribes itself within a spousal relationship. Among the categories of homicides, the spousal triggers a significant impact not only in the family but also in the society. In Brazil, the number of researches is limited, making it impossible to obtain statistical data about the number of homicides that occur in the country and the variables involved in them. However, internationally it is observed that there are more studies on the subject. Therefore, the present study aimed to conduct a survey of spousal homicide cases committed in the city of Florianópolis, south of Brazil, between the years 2000 and 2010. The data collection took place at the Santa Catarina Court of Justice, Capital Judicial District, and looked for the criminal cases that matched the sample criteria. A total of 29 cases were found and´this research stage consisted in the elaboration and analysis of a multidimensional analysis protocol of spousal homicide It was found that there is a predominance of cases committed by male aggressors; that the separation was the most recurrent relation between aggressor and victim, which is also the main motivation found; and that the spousal relation had a history of violence.