Eimeria leuckarti infections in sport horses in Northwest Turkey.

The aim of the present study was to examine sport horses in Northwest Turkey for Eimeria (E.) leuckarti infections. Between 2004 and 2008 fecal samples from 549 horses of different age, breed and sex of 21 farms were examined for E. leuckarti oocysts using a qualitative method which involved centrifugation/flotation and saturated sugar solution as medium. The prevalence of infection was evaluated relative to host age, sex, breed and pasture availability. 16 (2.9%) horses were found to be infected with E. leuckarti, whilst infected horses were located in nine (42.8%) farms. Younger horses (< 1 year old) were more frequently infected than older ones. However, breed, sex and availability of pasture were not identified as factors influencing the prevalence. As a main conclusion, compared with the low infection rate found in individual horses, E. leuckarti was highly prevalent at the farm level which possess a permanent risk of infection of especially younger horses at these premises. This study reports for the first time on the prevalence of E. leuckarti in sport horses from farms in Northwest Turkey.

Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) species of wild birds in northwestern Turkey with a new host record.

The goal of this study was to identify the chewing lice species of migratory and non-migratory wild birds in the province of Bursa, which is located in northwestern Turkey, between August 2009 and November 2012. Sixty-eight birds brought to the animal hospital in need of medical intervention, which belonged to 25 species, 20 genera and 15 families in 10 orders, were examined for ectoparasites. To sample for the presence of chewing lice, an insecticide was pulverised on the feathers of each bird over a white piece of paper, and then all of the lice were collected and placed in tubes containing 70% alcohol. The lice specimens were cleared in 10% KOH for 24 h, mounted in Canada balsam and identified using a light microscope. Forty (58.8%) out of 68 birds examined were infested with at least one species of chewing lice, and a total of 29 lice species were found on the birds. This study represents the first documentation in Turkey of 9 of these lice species and also provides the first worldwide record of Degeeriella nisus on the Common buzzard (Buteo buteo).

[A survey on anthelmintic resistance in Strongyles to ivermectin and pyrantel and macrocyclic lactone-resistance in Parascaris equorum]. / Ivermektin ve Pirantele Karsi At Strongylidae'lerinde Antelmentik Direnç Arastirilmasi ve Parascaris equorum'da Makrosiklik Lakton Direnci.

This survey was carried out on a horse farm in order to acquire recent data on macrocyclic lactone-resistant Parascaris equorum which had been previously detected on this farm and to determine efficacies of ivermectin and pyrantel against strongyles in order to determine whether a resistance problem also exists in these parasites. In the first part of the study, abamectin was given to horses infected with P. equorum. In 11 out of 12 horses, zero efficacy (0%) was seen against P. equorum. Subsequently, horses which were Parascaris-positive after abamectin treatment received pyrantel pamoate and its efficacy was 0-80% in 3 animals and 96-100% 8. The remained Parascaris-infected horses were treated again with a double dose of pyrantel and it was fully effective in all horses. In the second part of the study, efficacy of ivermectin and pyrantel against strongyles infections was assessed 14 and 28 days after treatment and an efficacy of 100% was detected on both days. In conclusion, macrocyclic lactone anthelmintics were found to be non-efficacious against P. equorum whereas pyrantel at the double dose rate was effective against these resistant worms. Resistance to ivermectin or pyrantel was not detected in strongyles.

Acaricidal efficacy of Origanum onites L. essential oil against Rhipicephalus turanicus (Ixodidae).

Essential oils that were extracted by steam distillation from Origanum onites L. from northwest Turkey were analyzed using an Agilent GC-MSD system. Carvacrol was the major component (64.3%) of the oil. Both pure commercial carvacrol and essential oil at concentrations of 1.5%, 3.2%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100% (v/v) were tested for their effects against engorging Rhipicephalus turanicus, which were collected from cattle breeding in the region. Pure carvacrol killed all the ticks following 6 h of exposure, while 25% and higher concentrations of the oil were completely effective in killing the ticks by the 24th-hour post-treatment (p < 0.05). The concentrations of 6.25% and 12.5% killed all the ticks by day 2. Lethal concentrations for 50% (LC(50)) and 90% (LC(90)) of 2.34% and 7.12%, respectively, were detected 24 h post-treatment. These findings indicate that the essential oil of O. onites L. has potential to be utilized at reasonable concentrations to control tick infestations.

Neonatal myiasis: a case report.

Myiasis is a disease caused by fly larvae. Although adult cases have been reported, neonatal myiasis is a rare condition and there are few reports about this subject. In this article, we report a 12-day-old female neonate who was referred to us due to larvae in her eyes and ears. She was infected with Lucilia spp. larvae and was treated with proper antibiotics.

[Occurrence of Nosema bombycis (Naegeli, 1857) in silkworms in Turkey]. / Türkiye ipekböceklerinde Nosema bombycis (Naegeli, 1857) olgusu.

Nosema bombycis (Naegeli, 1857) is the causative agent of the "Pebrine disease" in silkworms. N. bombycis spores were found in silkworm samples originating from the Hatay, Bursa and Bilecik provinces. Clinical signs were observed in the infected silkworm larvae. Because of the transovarial transmission risk, all the infected silkworm colonies were destroyed.

[Macrocheles sp. (Acarina: Macrochelidae) found on a bumble bee]. / Bir bombus arisinda Macrocheles sp. (Acarina: Macrochelidae) olgusu.

A female arthropod was found on a bumble bee and was found to be an acaria belonging to the genus Macrocheles sp (Acarina: Macrochelidae). This is the first time that the parasitic acaria, which is found in many parts of the world, has been reported on bumble bees in Turkey.

[Mite species found in house dust in houses in Bursa.]. / Bursa evlerinde bulunan ev tozu akar türleri.

Sixty four samples of house dust were examined in order to detect the prevalence of the mite species and to identity them in houses in Bursa. Thirty two houses with or without central heating system were included in the study. A total of 22 (34.38%) houses were found to be infested with house dust mites. The rate of infestation was 18.75% and 50.00% in the houses with and without central heating system, respectively. The mite species and their prevalence were as follows: 58.34% Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, 16.67%, Glycophagus domesticus 12.50% Dermatophagoides spp., 4.16% D. farinae, 4.16% Tyrophagus spp. and 4.16% unidentified Acarid species.