Nd: YAG interstitial laser thermotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: "Minimal treatment strategy" is desirable in certain breast cancer patients. The main objective of the present study is to examine the use of interstitial laser thermotherapy (laserthermia) for this purpose. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-five patients with primary breast cancer were treated with laserthermia using the Nd:YAG (1,064 nm) pulse-wave laser. In 28 patients, laserthermia was performed before radical resection, and in seven patients it was the only invasive treatment. RESULTS: One gaseous rupture of tumor occurred at 3 Watts. The diameter of single focus of laser-induced damage after 1-2 Watts was less than 1 cm, and after 2.5-6 Watts it reached 1.5-2.5 cm. Of seven patients treated without surgery, local tumor control was achieved in five, and in three stage I-III patients disease-free survival followed for 19-60 months. After laserthermia plus surgery, 3-year disease-free survival was 27% in premenopausal and 92% in menopausal patients. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that laser destruction of relatively small primary breast cancer is possible. Provisionally, laserthermia should not be used in premenopausal patients.

[The characteristics of the morphofunctional status of the adenohypophysis in lethally irradiated recipients after bone marrow transplantation]. / Osobennosti morfofunktsional'nogo sostoianiia adenogipofiza u letal'nogo obluchennykh retsipientov posle transplantatsii kostnogo mozga.

The effect of lethal irradiation and transplantation of syngenic bone marrow in a dose of 1 x 10(7) cell/ml on the morphofunctional state of hypophysis at various stages of the posttransplantation period has been studied for 3 months using 100 linear male mice of a F1 (CBA x C57 B) line. The experiments conducted have shown that bone marrow transplantation reduces the intensity of the negative effect of irradiation on hypophysis and facilitates normalization of its histological structure. There was a correlation between changes in the number of secretory cells in the anterior lobe of the hypophysis and the level of corticosterone in irradiated and bone marrow-protected animals.

[The effect of bone marrow transplantation on the dynamic recovery of the morphofunctional properties of the pancreas in irradiated recipients]. / Vliianie transplantatsii kostnogo mozga na dinamiku vosstanovleniia morfofunktsional'nykh svoistv podzheludochnoi zhelezy u obluchennykh retsipientov.

Effect of transplantation of syngeneic bone marrow in the dose of 1 X 10(7) cell/ml on the state of pancreatic gland in lethally irradiated recipients has been studied at different stages of posttransplantation period for 3 months using 250 linear male rats G (CBA x C57B). Histological and biochemical investigation, conducted in dynamics, have shown that transplantation of native and cryopreserved bone marrow to lethally irradiated animals facilitates activation of compensatory-restoration processes manifesting themselves in mitotic division of glandular and epithelial cells, as well as optimizes exchange of carbohydrates in the irradiated organism.

[The dynamic morphofunctional state of the adrenals in irradiated recipients following bone marrow transplantation]. / Dinamika morfofunktsional'nogo sostoianiia nadpochechnikov obluchennykh retsipientov posle transplantatsii kostnogo mozga.

The influence of syngenic bone marrow transplantation in the dose of 1.10(7) cell/ml upon the adrenal gland state of lethally irradiated recipients at various stages of posttransplantation period during 3 months has been studied at 150 linear F1 (CBA x C57B) male mice. Histological and histochemical studies conducted have shown the transplantation of native and cryopreserved bone marrow of the lethally irradiated recipients to result, depending upon observation time, in undulating change in adrenal gland weight, cortex thickness and lipid content in spongiocytes, which testifies to the certain dynamics of processes, occurring in recipients' adrenal gland.

[Tissue changes in the intervertebral disk following hypokinesia in rats of different ages]. / Izmeneniia tkanei mezpozvonochnogo diska posle gipokinezii u krys raznogo vozrasta.

Effect of various duration of hypokinesia on structural-metabolic characteristics of the lumbar vertebral segment has been studied in Wistar rats. Hypokinesia results in certain morphological changes of the spongy bone and tissues of the intervertebral disk, demonstrating as delayed processes of ossification, disturbed course of organization into bundles of collagenous fibers of the fibrous ring, widening of the nucleus pulposus zone. Polarization-optical investigations reveal some disturbances in the macro-molecular organization of collagen, expressed as decreasing degree of its refraction and as redistribution of glycosaminoglycans towards increasing sulfated keratan sulfates.

[Scanning electron microscopy of the surface of Chinese hamster fibroblast-like cells following glycerin treatment]. / Rastrovaia élektronnaia mikroskopiia poverkhnosti fibroblasto-podobnykh kletok kitaiskogo khomiachka posle obrabotki glitserinom.

The effect of glycerol upon the superficial structure of Chinese hamster fibroblast-like cells was studied. The analysis of scanning electron microscopy data made it clear that glycerol-induced changes in the surface structures were of various character depending on the duration of the contact period. A long-term (4 hour long) exposure to glycerol provoked significant structural changes. Nevertheless, the effects were reversible, judging by the fact that the washing-out of cell suspensions led to the repair of cell structures.

[Stathmokinetic effect of cryoprotectors]. / Statmokineticheskii éffekt krioprotektorov.

A study was made of the effect of cryoprotectors, both penetrating the cell (glycerin) and non-penetrating it (polyethylene oxide, m.w. 400), in different concentrations on the mitosis kinetics of short-lived cultures of human peripheral blood cells and continuous fibroblast-like cells of Chinese hamsters. Changes in the kinetics of the proliferation of the cultures under study, manifesting in a decrease of the mitotic index, accumulation of metaphases and an increase in the number of k-mitotic cells, depended on the concentration of the cryoprotectors. The stathmokinetic effect of the cryoprotectors was discovered to be related to the dehydrating properties shared by these substances, with the intensity of the effect being consequent on their penetrating ability.

[Effect of polyethylene oxide 400 on the mitotic regimen of human peripheral blood leukocytes in culture]. / Vliianie poliétilenoksida 400 na mitoticheskii rezhim leikotsitov perifericheskoi krovi cheloveka v kul'ture.

The effect of different concentrations of cryoprotectant polyethylene oxide (PEO-400) on the mitotic activity of human peripheral blood leucocytes was found to decrease the mitotic activity with a simultaneous increase in the metaphase number as the concentrations of PEO-400 grew. These changes were due to the general mechanism of PEO-400 action associated with its dehydrating and osmotic properties.

[Proliferative characteristics of human peripheral blood leukocytes cultured with different cryoprotectors]. / Osobennosti proliferatsii leikotsitov perifericheskoi krovi cheloveka pri kul'tivirovanii s razlichnymi krioprotektorami.

The effect of cryoprotectors, both penetrating (glycerol) and nonpenetrating (polyethyleneoxide 400, oxyethylated glycerol) into cells, used in different concentrations in a short-term culture of human peripheral blood was studied in connection with the proliferating activity of leucocytes. A similar pattern of the effect of these substances on the cell growth in culture was observed. Some features of leucocyte proliferation were established such as a decrease of the mitotic index, an increase in the relative number of metaphases and the number of pathological mitoses with the increase in the concentration of the cryoprotectors under study. Some cytopathic changes in the cells were found.

[Growth of cultured blood cells in the presence of the cryoprotector polyethylene oxide 400]. / Osobennosti rosta kletok krovi v kul'ture v prisutstvii krioprotektora poliétilenoksida 400.

The effect of polyethylene oxide 400 (PEO-400) cryoprotector on the mitotic activity of human peripheral blood leukocytes stimulated with PHA was studied in a culture. The cytologic peculiarities of the blood cell growth on addition of PEO-400 prior to cultivation are manifested in the preservation of the transformation capacity and mitosis despite a significant reduction of the mitotic activity in comparison with control cultures.