La ventilación mecánica no invasiva domiciliaria en el paciente EPOC / Non-invasive home mechanical ventilation in the COPD patient

Fundamento. El potencial beneficio de la ventilación mecánica no invasiva en los pacientes EPOC clínicamente estables no es aún bien conocido ni ha sido suficientemente estudiado. Se pretende valorar si la ventilación mecánica no invasiva beneficia a estos pacientes.Material y métodos. Se realiza un estudio transversal valorando la aplicación de la ventilación mecánica no invasiva (BIPAP) domiciliaria durante el descanso nocturno en 23 pacientes EPOC, los cuales se caracterizaban por presentar hipercapnia en la gasometría arterial basal realizada durante la estabilidad clínica. Se realizan revisiones clínicas, gasométricas y espirométricas a los 3, 6 y 12 meses de instaurar dicha terapia. Así mismo se evalúa el número de ingresos por agudización de la patología respiratoria subyacente durante un año.Resultados. Los pacientes incluidos en el estudio tenían una media de edad de 68,83 años. El 60,9% presentaban grado severo de EPOC. El 69,6% del total de la muestra recibían previamente oxigenoterapia continua domiciliaria; de ellos el 75% presentaban EPOC severa o muy severa. Durante el período de tiempo del estudio se objetivó un descenso en el número de ingresos hospitalarios por agudización (0,61±0,15 ingresos anuales de media) respecto al mismo período de tiempo previo a la ventilación mecánica no invasiva (1,07±0,16 ingresos de media) resultando más beneficiados los que presentaban previamente un mayor número de ingresos y los que asociaban comorbilidad. También se aprecia disminución de la presión arterial de dióxido de carbono (PaCO2) en la mayoría de los casos, principalmente aquellos que presentaban al inicio del estudio una PaCO2>63,32 mm de Hg; dicha mejoría se aprecia desde los primeros tres meses de tratamiento

Background. The potential benefits of non-invasive mechanical breathing in clinically stable COPD patients are still not well known, nor have they been sufficiently studied. We evaluate whether non-invasive mechanical ventilation is beneficial to these patients.Methods. A cross sectional study was carried out evaluating the application of non-invasive home mechanical ventilation (BIPAP), during the nocturnal rest in 23 COPD patients, who presented hypercapnia in basal arterial gasometry during clinical stability. Clinical, gasometric and spirometric evaluations were carried out 3, 6 and 12 months after initiating this therapy. Similarly, an evaluation was made of the number of admissions due to worsening of the underlying respiratory pathology during one year.Results. The patients included in the study had an average age of 68.83 years. Sixty point nine percent (60.9%) presented a severe degree of COPD. Sixty-nine point six percent (69.6%) of the total sample had previously received continuous oxygenotherapy at home; 75% of them presented severe or very severe COPD. During the period of time of the study a fall was recorded in the number of hospital admissions due to worsening (0.61±0.15 annual admissions on average) with respect to the period of time prior to the non-invasive mechanical ventilation (1.07±0.16 admissions on average), with greater benefits obtained by those who had previously shown a higher number of admissions and those with associated comorbidity. A reduction was also appreciated in the arterial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in the majority of cases, principally those who at the start of the study presented a PaCO2>63.32 mm of Hg; this improvement was appreciated from the first three months of treatment

[Non-invasive home mechanical ventilation in the COPD patient]. / La ventilación mecánica no invasiva domiciliaria en el paciente EPOC.

BACKGROUND: The potential benefits of non-invasive mechanical breathing in clinically stable COPD patients are still not well known, nor have they been sufficiently studied. We evaluate whether non-invasive mechanical ventilation is beneficial to these patients. METHODS: A cross sectional study was carried out evaluating the application of non-invasive home mechanical ventilation (BIPAP), during the nocturnal rest in 23 COPD patients, who presented hypercapnia in basal arterial gasometry during clinical stability. Clinical, gasometric and spirometric evaluations were carried out 3, 6 and 12 months after initiating this therapy. Similarly, an evaluation was made of the number of admissions due to worsening of the underlying respiratory pathology during one year. Results. The patients included in the study had an average age of 68.83 years. Sixty point nine percent (60.9%) presented a severe degree of COPD. Sixty-nine point six percent (69.6%) of the total sample had previously received continuous oxygenotherapy at home; 75% of them presented severe or very severe COPD. During the period of time of the study a fall was recorded in the number of hospital admissions due to worsening (0.61+/-0.15 annual admissions on average) with respect to the period of time prior to the non-invasive mechanical ventilation (1.07+/-0.16 admissions on average), with greater benefits obtained by those who had previously shown a higher number of admissions and those with associated comorbidity. A reduction was also appreciated in the arterial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in the majority of cases, principally those who at the start of the study presented a PaCO2>63.32 mm of Hg; this improvement was appreciated from the first three months of treatment.