RESUMO
While still an uncommon cause of airway obstruction, the incidence of tracheal stenosis in adults has increased with the use of assisted ventilation. The etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of tracheal stenosis are discussed. Special attention is paid to post-intubation tracheal stenosis and to tracheal resection as its most successful treatment option.
Assuntos
Estenose Traqueal , Adulto , Anastomose Cirúrgica , Endoscopia/métodos , Humanos , Intubação Intratraqueal/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estenose Traqueal/diagnóstico , Estenose Traqueal/etiologia , Estenose Traqueal/cirurgia , Traqueostomia/efeitos adversosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether levels of PH-20, a hyaluronidase similar to that found in human sperm, are elevated in laryngeal cancer tissue. DESIGN: In this case-control study. reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to measure levels of PH-20 messenger RNA in tissue taken from laryngectomy specimens. SETTING: A university medical center. PATIENTS: We compared tissue samples taken from 11 patients with laryngeal cancer, and from 2 metastatic lymph nodes, with samples of normal, healthy laryngeal tissue and prostate cancer tissue (positive control). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: PH-20 complementary DNA expression as quantified by densitometric analysis. RESULTS: Expression of PH-20 was significantly higher in nonirradiated laryngeal cancer specimens than in normal laryngeal tissue (P<.01). Metastatic lymph nodes also had higher levels of PH-20 expression than did primary laryngeal cancer tissue (P = .11) and normal laryngeal tissue (P<.01). Irradiated laryngeal cancer specimens had PH-20 levels comparable to normal. CONCLUSIONS: We report the first data on PH-20 expression in laryngeal cancer tissue. PH-20 expression is significantly elevated in primary laryngeal cancer tissue and seems to be even higher in metastatic lesions compared with normal laryngeal tissue. PH-20 may be a useful tumor marker and prognostic tool for laryngeal cancer.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/análise , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Humanos , Hialuronoglucosaminidase , Neoplasias Laríngeas/genética , Laringe/patologia , Linfonodos/patologia , Metástase Linfática , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , RNA Mensageiro/análise , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase ReversaRESUMO
A chemical peel is a procedure in which a topically applied wounding agent creates smooth, rejuvenated skin by way of an organized repair process. This article describes the indications, classifications, operative procedure, and complications of chemical resurfacing. In addition, alternatives to chemoexfoliation are discussed.
Assuntos
Acne Vulgar/cirurgia , Abrasão Química/métodos , Melanose/cirurgia , Administração Tópica , Contraindicações , Dermabrasão/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Hidroxiácidos/administração & dosagem , Terapia a Laser/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Fenóis/administração & dosagem , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Envelhecimento da Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Envelhecimento da Pele/fisiologia , Tretinoína/administração & dosagem , Ácido Tricloroacético/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Frontal sinus fractures usually occur in trauma situations involving substantial force and are frequently accompanied by other, sometimes life threatening, injuries. Early recognition of this injury is important to prevent serious complications as well as to restore cosmesis. This paper reviews the incidence, pathophysiology, classification, and controversial management of frontal sinus fractures.
Assuntos
Seio Frontal/lesões , Fraturas Cranianas/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Consolidação da Fratura/fisiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Traumatismo Múltiplo/diagnóstico , Traumatismo Múltiplo/fisiopatologia , Traumatismo Múltiplo/cirurgia , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Fraturas Cranianas/fisiopatologia , Fraturas Cranianas/cirurgiaRESUMO
Cystic hygroma is a congenital lymphatic malformation with a predilection for the head and neck and that usually presents in the pediatric population. This is a benign lesion but is often challenging to deal with. This paper reviews some of the characteristic features of this lesion including its presentation, pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment.