RESUMO
The introduction of acute leukemia chemotherapy programs in clinical practice improved effectiveness of treatment and patients' survival rate. However there is a high incidence of anticancer drugs toxicity leading to a decrease in therapeutic effect of treatment. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a leader among oncohematological pathologies in childhood and adolescence. Its share is 20 % of all malignancies and up to 75% of all leukemias. Treatment for ALL in childhood is one of the most impressive achievements of medicine in recent years. Modern chemotherapy programs can achieve healing in 80 % of patients with ALL, and the researchers are facing new challenges to achieve a high safety profile of treatment. Chemotherapy toxicity frequency varies from 5% to 30 %. This review presents summarized literature analysis on the clinical symptoms of toxic reactions and the ways to prevent and correct developed adverse drug reactions.