RESUMO
New acquisitions in the study of breast cancer, based on several retrospective and prospective studies, have led over the past decades to the possibility of applying conserving methods of treatment for breast cancer (breast conserving therapy -BCT) in incipient stages. Starting with 1996, a single surgical team, among others at the Bucharest Oncology Institute,performed BCT in 497 patients out of the total 2,256 cases of breast cancer treated. Work protocol consisted of tumour excision with safety margins, intraoperative histology exam,samples from all the walls of the remaining cavity, with intraoperative histology exam, axillary lymphadenectomy, followed by mandatory irradiation of the entire breast, associated or not with systemic or hormonal adjuvant treatment. 38 patients developed local disease recurrences, 14 of which in the first 5 years. In this paper we present the results obtained through BCT, as a means of supporting this type of treatment adequate for patients with initial stage breast cancer, with cosmetic results visibly superior to those of mastectomy.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/cirurgia , Carcinoma Lobular/cirurgia , Carcinoma Medular/cirurgia , Mastectomia Segmentar/métodos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/patologia , Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/terapia , Adulto , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/patologia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/terapia , Carcinoma Lobular/patologia , Carcinoma Lobular/terapia , Carcinoma Medular/patologia , Carcinoma Medular/terapia , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Estética , Feminino , Humanos , Excisão de Linfonodo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/terapia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Satisfação do Paciente , Período Pós-Operatório , Radioterapia Adjuvante , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
While increasing the spontaneous quantal transmitter release in frog neuromuscular junctions, streptomycin blocked the evoked transmitter release by decreasing the quantal content (m). The quantal parameter of release n (number of release sites) was significantly decreased, while p (probability of release through transmitter activation) increased. Streptomycin competes with calcium ions for the membrane release sites while the intracellular mechanisms of release remain unaffected. The data show a good fit to the two-step hypothesis of quantal transmitter release recently developed on the basis of ouabain actions.
