[Ultrastructural study of TNT effect on the callus cells and the cells of intact plants of Yucca gloriosa L].

Intracellular distribution of assimilated 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in callus cells, flower buds and leaves of intact Yucca gloriosa L. plants using electron microscope radioautography. The radiotracer was detected in vacuoles, plastids, mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasm. It was found that in dedifferentiated callus cells TNT was incorporated in the vacuoles in greater quantities in comparison with the cells of intact plant. Correspondingly the ultrastructural integrity of the dedifferentiated cells is less damaged.

Effects of partial intraspecies deprivation of rats on short-term image memory.

An individual's zoosocial experience plays a significant role in the formation of adaptive behavior in animals. Published data show that significant restriction of intraspecies interactions induces impairments of higher nervous activity, including such functions as learning, memory, and the control of emotions. These changes are particularly marked when deprivation of zoosocial interactions occurs in the early stage of the animal's postnatal development. We have previously demonstrated that psychogenic stress in rats reared from an early age (from 14 days after birth) in conditions of visual and tactile deprivation leads to impairment of long-term (conditioned reflex) memory functions, this being accompanied by significant suppression of self-regulatory brain activity. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of partial intraspecies deprivation in early ontogenesis on overall behavior and short-term memory in adult rats.

[Influence of partial intraspecies deprivation on short-term image-driven memory in rats].

Behavior and short-term memory function were studied in adult rats risen under conditions of partial intraspecies social deprivation. Testing of delayed responses (and emotional state) showed that the partial deprivation of intraspecies communication at the early stage of postnatal ontogeny led not only to disorders of short-term memory in the adult rats, but also to behavioral alterations, which may be due to impaired development of the regulatory mechanisms of motivation and emotions.

[Characteristics of the formation of short-term memory in rats at various time intervals between tests]. / Osobennosti formirovaniia kratkosrochnoi pamiati u krys raznykh intervalakh vremeni mezhdu probami.

Dependency of the speed of short-term memory formation in rats on the intertrial interval was studied. The so called direct method was applied for determining the delay time of the complex perception of food location. Conclusion is made that not less than 2 minutes intertrial intervals appear to be optimal for the formation of short-term memory. Such behavioural manifestations as omission of separate trials, lengthening of the time both for grooming and running to the feeder are considered to the manifestation of brain self-regulation activity. Attention is paid to the fact that such a form of behaviour is characteristic of one group of rats and not of the other.