[Peculiarities of metabolic syndrome and nonalcogolic fatty liver disease in menopausal women].

Correlation between menopause metabolic syndrome and nonalcogolic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is reviewed. NAFLD refers to a wide spectrum of liver disease ranging from simple fatty liver (steatosis), to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, to cirrhosis. The causes and pathogenetic factors of the disease are still under investigation. The risk of development of NAFLD during menopause is twice higher in comparison with fertile age and abdominal obesity and insulin resistances is more apparent. This feature is associated with deficit of estrogens during menopause, as risk of development of NAFLD is diminished with substitutive hormonotherapy. The obesity, particularly in the period of menopause, is discussed as additive, independent risk factor of metabolic syndrome and of diseases of hepatobiliare and cardiovascular systems.

[Treatment of nonalcogolic fatty disease of liver].

The experimental and clinical data concerning of treatment of nonalcogolic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are summarized and analyzed in the review. Some aspects of pathogenetic pharmacotherapy of NAFLD have been discussed (correction of insulin resistance, obesity, dislipidemia, oxidative stress, hepatoprotectors, restoration of intestine microbiosis, replacement hormonal, syndrome and antihypertensive drugs). Medical and non - medical methods of treatment is compared. It is concluded that further study to improve methods of prevention and treatment of NAFLD are required.

[Comparative characteristic of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor--captopril and the angiotensin II receptor blokers--losartan action on the oxidative metabolism in experimental hyperlipidemia in rabbits].

The aim of present study--comparative characteristic of captopril and of losartan action on the oxidative metabolism in experimental hyperlipidemia. Experiments carried out on rabbits,which were divided into three groups(ten animal in each group) and orally receiving during 45 days: I control group (cholesterol 500mg/kg + methylthiouracil 100mg/kg, II group-captopril 5 mg/kg + cholesterol 500mg/kg + methylthiouracil 100mg/kg, III group-losartan 8mg/kg + cholesterol-500mg/kg + methylthiouracil 100mg/kg. Activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, level of malonic dialdehyde, osmotic resistance of erythrocytes and resistanse of LDL to oxidation and concentration of nitric oxide in the blood have been evaluated . The administration of captopril and losartan in experimental hyperlipidemia eqivalently increased activity of SOD and catalase, osmotic resistance of erythrocytes and resistanse of LDL to oxidation, whereas decreased content of malonic dialdehyde compared to the control group . Captopril was more effective than losartan in preserving of nitric oxide. We conclude that captopril and losartan inhibited oxidative stress, which are probably associated with the inhibition of angiotensin 11. Captopril and losartan are safely used in patients during cardio-vascular disease with dyslipidemia.

[Oxidative stress during thyrotoxicosis and its correction].

Oligocrine is a preparation of vegetable origin characterized by anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulating properties. Our study shows that administration of L-thyroxine injections (irrespective of the duration) results in elevated synthesis of thyroid hormones and intensification of oxidative stress in experimental animals. These changes are evidenced by accumulation of membrane phospholipide peroxidation products - lipid peroxides in the blood. At that we should point that while dependence of FT3 and FT4 levels on the duration of L-thyroxine administration was insignificant in the experimental model of thyrotoxicosis, intensity of lipid peroxidation increased along with prolongation of injections. Blood levels of free nitric oxide were decreased likely due to the transformation of nitric oxide into peroxinitrite. Oligocrine facilitates to the stabilization of thyroid status and restriction of NO hyperproduction, hypermetabolism and oxidative stress in the body.

[Effect of heptral and folic acid on the hepatic functions during toxic hepatitis].

The aim of study was to evaluate effectiveness of heptral (S-Adonosylmethionine-Adomet) and folic acid during the acute toxic damage of the liver induced by carbon tetrachloride. Experiments have been carried out on pubertal rats. The carbon tetrachloride intoxication was performed by subcutaneous injection of CCL(4) 1 ml/kg dissolved in 1 ml of olive oil. The activity of aspartat-and alaninaminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, the content of free and total billirubine in the blood, as well as total oxidant and antioxidant activity of the blood, were measured by the spectrophotometric techniques. Oxidative stress, cytolyses of the hepatocytes and cholestasis were observed during CCL(4) intoxication. Heptral, and in less degree, folic acid improved liver function during the acute toxic damage, but complex therapy with heptral and folic acid revealed more expressive hepatoprotective effect. It is suggested that better positive effect of complex therapy with heptral and folic acid compared with monotherapy by each drug is probably associated with resynthesis of methionine from homocystein (toxic metabolite of adenosylmethionine) by folate. This combination allows reducing the side effects of heptral induced by homocysteine.