Multilocus sequence typing of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus strains from Turkish traditional yoghurts and characterisation of their techno-functional roles.

In this study, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus strains from traditional Turkish yoghurts were isolated, identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and genotypically 14 S. thermophilus and 6 L. bulgaricus strains were obtained as distinct strains by MLST analysis. Lactic acid production levels of the L. bulgaricus strains were higher than S. thermophilus strains. HPLC analysis showed that EPS monosaccharide composition of the strains mainly consisted of glucose and galactose. In general, all strains were found to be susceptible for antibiotics, except some strains were resistance to gentamicin and kanamycin. Apart from two strains of S. thermophilus, all strains displayed strong auto-aggregation level greater than 95% at 24 h incubation. S. thermophilus strains showed higher cell surface hydrophobicity than L. bulgaricus strains. This study demonstrated the isolation, identification, genotypic discrimination and techno-functional features of wild type yoghurt starter cultures which can potentially find place in industrial applications. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01366-2.

Isolation and characterization of yogurt starter cultures from traditional yogurts and growth kinetics of selected cultures under lab-scale fermentation.

The development of new starter cultures is a crucial task for the food industry to meet technological requirements and traditional products are important reservoirs for new starter cultures. In this respect, this study aimed to isolate, identify, and determine the technological characteristics of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus strains originated from traditional yogurt samples. Genotypic discrimination of 200 isolates revealed the presence of distinct 19 S. thermophilus and 11 Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strains as potential starter cultures. Strain-specific properties determined the acidification capacity of the yogurt starter cultures and a higher acidification capacity was observed for S. thermophilus strains compared to Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strains. Proteolytic activity was found between 0.012-0.172 and 0.078-0.406 for S. thermophilus and Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strains, respectively. 4 of S. thermophilus and 3 of Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strains were found resistant to all tested bacteriophages. The antibiotic susceptibility tests of the isolates revealed that a very low antibiotic resistance was observed for the yogurt starter cultures. Finally, the growth kinetics of selected strains were determined and the maximum specific growth rate of selected S. thermophilus and Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus was calculated as 0.527 h-1 and 0.589 h-1, respectively.