Antioxidant activity of different extracts of Argentinian medicinal plants against arsenic-induced toxicity in renal cells.

Chronic toxicity of arsenic resulting from drinking water is a health problem encountered in humans, especially in South America and Asia, where a correlation between oxidative stress, tumor promotion, and arsenic exposure has been observed. Differential solvent extraction (petroleum ether (PE); dichloromethane (DCM); methanol (OL) and water (W)) was performed to compare the protective (antioxidant) activity of five Argentinian medicinal plants on arsenite-induced oxidative stress in Vero cells, assayed by hydroperoxide measurement. The results were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the LSD Fisher test. The data showed that arsenite was a pro-oxidant agent which acts in a time-dose-dependent manner. Extracts from Eupatorium buniifolium (PE), Lantana grisebachii (PE, W), Mandevilla pentlandiana (PE, W), and Sebastiania commersoniana (DCM, OL, W) prevented the formation of both aqueous and lipid hydroperoxides, but Heterothalamus alienus only impeded lipid ones. Therefore, antioxidant extracts are potentially beneficial and may have a protective activity against arsenite-induced renal injury. Among these, the aqueous extract of L. grisebachii may represent the most suitable preparation for humans since the traditional usage of this plant in popular medicine is through consumption of tea.

Cell lines of Taxus species as source of the anticancer drug taxol.

Callus culture of Taxus baccata and Taxus x Media were induced using explants of young stems and female gametophyte. Culture conditions have been established for the cell suspension of the different callus cell lines. Callus were induced from Taxus baccata and Taxus x Media using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4 D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic) and benzylaminopurine (BA). All the cultures grew slowly following the first subculture and the majority turned brown and ceased growth. The fast growing callus lines constituted a habituated callus lines (CFGTB; CFGTM; CSTB and CSTB). These callus lines were used to induce cell suspension in the best nutritional medium (1 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.1 mg/l BA). The callus exhibited levels of taxol ranging from 0.1 to 15 mg/Kg on a dry weight basis. Suspension cultures of Taxus baccata (CSTB and CFGTB) and Taxus x Media (CSTM and CFGTM) were maintained at 25 degrees C on a MS medium with two weeks transfers. The maximum taxol production for suspension cell was within the range 5 to 6 mg/l.

Cell lines of Taxus species as source of the anticancer drug taxol.

Callus culture of Taxus baccata and Taxus x Media were induced using explants of young stems and female gametophyte. Culture conditions have been established for the cell suspension of the different callus cell lines. Callus were induced from Taxus baccata and Taxus x Media using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4 D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic) and benzylaminopurine (BA). All the cultures grew slowly following the first subculture and the majority turned brown and ceased growth. The fast growing callus lines constituted a habituated callus lines (CFGTB; CFGTM; CSTB and CSTB). These callus lines were used to induce cell suspension in the best nutritional medium (1 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.1 mg/l BA). The callus exhibited levels of taxol ranging from 0.1 to 15 mg/Kg on a dry weight basis. Suspension cultures of Taxus baccata (CSTB and CFGTB) and Taxus x Media (CSTM and CFGTM) were maintained at 25 degrees C on a MS medium with two weeks transfers. The maximum taxol production for suspension cell was within the range 5 to 6 mg/l.