[Key mechanisms of damage and adaptation in the body under the multi-factoral effect of ecotoxicants]. / Kliuchevye mekhanizmy povrezhdeniia i adaptatsii v organizme pri mnogofaktorom vliianii ékotoksikantov.

Toxicants, that are present in chemical productions, influence functioning of protective mechanisms of the workers. The examined people have an increased content of the average molecular mass oligopeptides, changed ionic molecular composition of blood. Antioxidant protection with catalase participation is high. The accelerated replacement of membrane components displays an adaptation of organism to the chemical stress conditions.

[The modelling of hyperfermentemia--a method for studying the mechanisms of the formation of metabolic disorders]. / Modelirovanie giperfermentemii--sposob izucheniia mekhanizmov formirovaniia obmennykh narushenii.

The model of hyperenzymia caused by injection of lactate dehydrogenase (5000 U/kg body weight) causes an increase of NADP.H-dependent oxidation in liver microsomes, without changing oxidative intensity in mitochondria, by such NAD.H-depended dehydrogenases as glutamate dehydrogenase and beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. The aim of the interaction with exogenous lactate dehydrogenase in the glycolytic metabolone system, where increased carbohydrate disintegration in vivo is induced. There is a high detoxification processes associated with ammonia detoxification and urea production. The stability of membrane permeability is characterized by the absence of glutamate dehydrogenase and glucoso-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in blood plasma. It has been shown that the introduction of exogenic lactate dehydrogenase into the metabolism of experimental animals gives the possibility of using this enzyme as an enzymotherapeutic remedy.

[Sorption of a macrophage factor inducing functional thymocyte transformation on cells of organs of various sources]. / Sorbtsiia makrofagal'nogo faktora, indutsiruiushchego funktsional'nuiu transformatsiiu timotsitov, na kletkakh razlichnogo organnogo proiskhozhdeniia.

When the macrophages and thymocytes are jointly incubated, mononuclear phagocytes produce a humoral factor which induces the functional transformation of thymocytes promoting their differentiation into more mature cells. The factor was provisionally called FIT (factor of induction of thymocytes). The data are provided on adsorption of the factor under study on cells of different organ origin. Thymocytes adsorb the FIT in proportion with the cell concentration and time of interaction between the factor and thymocytes. The FIT was shown to be adsorbed only on the T-cells. It is suggested that the differential sorption of the FIT is due to the presence of the FIT receptors only on T-lymphocytes.

[Specific interaction of phagocytosing mononuclears with T cells during formation of the thymocyte-induction factor]. / Spetsifichnost' vzaimodeistviia fagotsitiruiushchikh mononuklearov s T-kletkami pri obrazovanii faktora induktsii timotsitov.

Data are provided on specific secretion by macrophages of a factor inducing the functional differentiation of thymocytes. The contact of mononuclear phagocytes with lymphocytes of T-cell type induces the formation of this transmitter. Interaction of macrophages with B-cells does not lead to the secretion of this monokine. Treatment of macrophages with nonspecific stimulators exerts no effect on the production of the factor.

[The role of major histocompatibility complex genes in the reaction of macrophages and thymocytes during induction of T-effectors of the graft vs host reaction. III. Effect of antisera against H-2 complex antigens on the realization of the process]. / Uchastie genov glavnogo kompleksa gistosovmestimosti v reaktsii vzaimodeistviia makrofagov s timotsitami pri induktsii T-éffektorov reaktsii transplantat protiv khoziaina. Soobshchenie III. Vliianie antisyvorotok k antigenam H-2 kompleksa na realizatsiiu protsessa.

The data are presented on the influence of antisera to different products of the histocompatibility gene complex on the interaction between macrophages and thymocytes during the formation of T-cell GVH effectors. The intensity of the local GVH reaction was evaluated by the index of the lymph nodes enlargement. The close physical contact between cells was necessary for the induction of T-effectors GVH. Treatment of macrophages or thymocytes with anti-H-2 and anti-H-2K antibodies, prior to the beginning of combined incubation, or addition of these antisera to the cultural media suppressed the formation of T-cell inducing GVH. Anti-H-2 I and anti-H-2 D sera did not affect the formation of GVH T-effectors.

[Functional differentiation of thymocytes induced by macrophages: cellular, humoral and genetic aspects]. / Funktsional'naia differentsirovka timotsitov pod vliianiem makrofagov: kletochnye, gumoral'nye i geneticheskie aspekty.

The cellular, humoral and genetical mechanisms of induction of T-effectors of the graft vs. host reaction (GHR) were studied in a double-cell culture of phagocytizing mononuclears with thymocytes. Experiments were carried out on mice of inbred and recombinant strains. The GHR intensity was estimated by the increase in the number of cells in the popliteal lymph node, regional with reference to the introduction of parental thymocytes into the F1 hybrid. For the induction of the GHR T-effectors from the immature population of thymocytes to be realized, a direct physical contact and identity by the H-2K locus of the major histocompatibility complex between the cooperating cells in culture are indispensable. An antiserum containing antibodies against the H-2K locus products prevents the induction. At the same time antibodies against antigens controlled by loci of I-region or the H-2D locus do not affect the accumulation of T-effectors. Contact interaction of phagocytizing mononuclears with thymocytes results in accumulation of a 65,000 D humoral factor in the culture medium. Incubation of the intact thymocytes with this factor ensures functional transformation of immature thymocytes to corresponding effector cells. For the humoral induction of T-effectors to be successfully realized, identity by the T-2K locus between the factor producents and intact thymocytes is indispensable, as well as in the conditions of direct intercellular interaction. It is suggested that H-2K specificity is incorporated into the factor structure.

[Control by genes of the major histocompatibility complex of macrophage-thymocyte interaction during induction of T-effectors of graft versus host reaction. II. Analysis at the level of humoral factor activity]. / Kontrol' genami glavnogo kompleksa gistosovmestimosti vzaimodeistviia makrofagov s timotsitami pri induktsii T-éffektorov reaktsii transplantat protiv khoziaina (RTPKh). Soobshchenie II. Analiz na urovne aktivnosti gumoral'nykh faktorov.

The data are presented on the genetic restriction of interaction between humoral factors and intact thymocytes during the formation of T-cell effectors GVH from thymus cells. The source of humoral factors was a cultural medium from combined cultivation of macrophages and syngeneic thymocytes during 18 h. The intensity of the local GVH reaction was evaluated by the index of the lymph nodes enlargement. Genes of the H-2 system control interaction of mediators with thymocytes during the formation of T-cell effectors. H-2 region genes identity of supernatant generative cells and intact thymocytes was necessary for the effective induction of T-effectors GVH. I and D region differences did not affect the formation of T-cells inducing GVH.

[Control by major histocompatibility complex genes of macrophage interaction with thymocytes during induction of T-effectors of graft vs host reaction. I. Genetic control on the cellular level]. / Kontrol' genami glavnogo kompleksa gistosovmestimosti vzaimodeistviiamakrofagov s timotsitami pri induktsii T-éffektorov reaktsii transplantat protiv khoziaina (RTPKh). Soobshchenie I. Geneticheskii kontrol' na kletochnom urovne.

H-2 complex control of interaction between macrophages and thymocytes during induction of T-cell effectors GVH was studied. Intensity of the local GVH reaction was evaluated by the index of the lymph nodes enlargement. Genes of the H-2 system control interaction of macrophages with thymocytes during the formation of T-cell effectors GVH. H-2K subregion genes identity of interacting cells was necessary and sufficient for the effective induction of T-effectors GVH. I and D region differences did not affect the formation of T-cells inducing GVH.