[Chronic pharyngitis. Modern approaches to diagnosis and treatment]. / Khronicheskii faringit. Sovremennye podkhody k diagnostike i lecheniyu.

The relevance of the problem of chronic inflammatory diseases of the pharynx is due to the significant prevalence of this pathology. Among all forms of chronic pharyngitis, the most adverse effect on the quality of life is observed in chronic athrophic pharyngitis. According to the literature, in this category of patients there are no clear criteria for assessing the functional state and morphological picture of the mucous membrane of the posterior pharyngeal wall. Most of the described signs of atrophic pharyngitis are insufficienyly informative, which necessitates further improvement of existing and possible search for new diagnostic methods. Many of the modern methods of treatment do not provide a lasting effect due to the presence of only a local effect on the altered mucous membrane of the posterior pharyngeal wall, without taking into account the changes that are caused by a violation of trophic processes in the tissue, which necessitates the search for new effective methods of treating this disease.The review article outlines modern ideas about the methods of diagnosis and treatment of chronic pharyngitis, presents promising areas in the treatment of patients with atrophic pharyngitis. In foreign countries, the term «chronic tonsillopharyngitis¼ is most often used. Due to the existing difference in terminology, the predominant part of the material on the problem of chronic pharyngitis is presented by domestic literature sources.

[The role of tonsillectomy in the treatment of chronic tonsillitis]. / Vliyanie tonzillektomii na kachestvo zhizni patsientov s khronicheskim tonzillitom.

The problem of chronic tonsillitis remains one of the urgent problems of modern otorhinolaryngology. The article discusses the statistics and complications of chronic tonsillitis, provides indications for tonsillectomy and its main complications. OBJECTIVE: Generalization and systematization of data on the impact of surgical treatment on the quality of life of patients with chronic tonsillitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Search for literary sources, carried out using the search engines of the RSCI, PubMed, Web of Science, and eLibrary. RESULTS: A review of literature sources demonstrates a significant improvement in the quality of life of patients after tonsillectomy; however, data from some studies show a trend towards a decrease in the number of planned tonsillectomies and an associated increase in the detection of local purulent-septic complications.

[The method of instrumental dilatation of the anastomosis of the sphenoid sinus in the surgical treatment of chronic sphenoiditis]. / Metod instrumental'noi dilatatsii soust'ya klinovidnoi pazukhi pri khirurgicheskom lechenii khronicheskogo sfenoidita.

Features of the location of the sphenoid sinus determine the possibility of developing severe intraoperative complications in the surgical treatment of patients with chronic sphenoiditis. Technical difficulties during sphenoidotomy may arise at the initial stage of expansion of the natural anastomosis with its anatomical narrowness and the impossibility of inserting biting forceps. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To study the clinical efficacy and safety of the proposed original method of dilatation of the sphenoid sinus fistula in the surgical treatment of various forms of chronic sphenoiditis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 68 patients of both sexes older than 18 years with chronic sphenoiditis, who are indicated for surgery on the sphenoid sinus. Patients of the 1st group (n=36) underwent expansion of the fistula of the sphenoid sinus using the traditional method. Patients of the 2nd group (n=32) underwent dilatation of the anastomosis of the sphenoid sinus using the tool developed by us. Intraoperatively, the quality of visualization of the surgical field, the time of the operation, and the presence of complications were assessed. In the postoperative period, the number of complications, relapses of the disease and the condition of the sinus were recorded according to the results of computed tomography 3-4 months after the operation. RESULTS: The use of the method of dilated expansion of the anastomosis of the sphenoid sinus using special forceps developed by us helps to reduce the duration of the operation, improve intraoperative visualization of the sphenoid sinus and improve the results of treatment according to endoscopy and control computed tomography. When using the developed tool, the number of episodes of intraoperative bleeding that hindered visualization and necessitated coagulation was lower than when using an alternative technique. CONCLUSION: The technique of endoscopic dilatation of the anastomosis of the sphenoid sinus using the developed tool can be used both independently and as a preliminary step for expanding the anastomosis of the sphenoid sinus, followed by the use of a shaver or Kerrison forceps.