Breeding in bread-making wheat varieties for Mediterranean climate: the need to get resilient varieties.

Introduction: Being one of the "big three" most cultivated cereals in the world, wheat plays a crucial role in ensuring global food/nutrition security, supplying close to 20% of the global needs for calories and proteins. However, the increasingly large fluctuations between years in temperatures and precipitation due to climate change cause important variations in wheat production worldwide. This fact makes wheat breeding programs a tool that, far from going out of fashion, is becoming the most important solution to develop varieties that can provide humanity with the sufficient amount of food it demands without forgetting the objective of quality. Material and methods: The National Institute of Agricultural and Veterinary Research in Portugal has carried out a long-term experiment (9 years) in different locations to test four different bread-making wheat cultivars, each representing important variations in germplasm. Wheat yield and quality traits obtained by official methods were recorded in 18 different environments regarding temperature and precipitation. Results and discussion: According to the ANOVA and PCA, protein content, wet gluten, dough tenacity, and extensibility were found to be highly affected by the environment. Paiva cultivar presented a higher yield in almost all the tested environments, but its quality traits varied enormously. Contrary behavior was recorded for Valbona cultivar. Antequera cultivar, with a production ranging between 4.7 and 9.3 tons/ha and a protein content between 11 and 16.8%, seems to be the most resilient cultivar regarding both productivity and quality of the flour with reference to changes in the main climate traits. The most ancient cultivar, Roxo, released in 1996, showed the worst results in this experiment, supporting the need to continue working in wheat breeding to meet the unavoidable changes in the environment.

How did the COVID-19 pandemic influence students' career expectations in the hotel and tourism industry?

Career expectations contribute to job satisfaction and worker persistence. The tourism industry is characterized by high staff turnover. The industry was decimated by the COVID-19 pandemic causing widespread unemployment and transforming working conditions, while radically altering educational conditions for hospitality and tourism students. We assessed how the pandemic influenced students' expectations, comparing undergraduate opinions before and during the pandemic. While Pandemic-Students were more pessimistic about working conditions, they revealed an increased desire to provide personal interactive service and a greater tendency towards entrepreneurialism. These results contrast with previous research; highlighting students' resilience and suggesting a positive vision of pandemic-related opportunities.

A Rare Case of Granulomatous Pneumonitis Due to Intravesical BCG for Bladder Cancer.

Granulomatous pneumonitis is a rare complication of bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy following intravesical administration of bacillus Calmette-Guerin. The authors present an unusual case of a 67-year-old man who developed mild and non-specific symptoms, following intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillations. Examinations revealed features of miliary tuberculosis and granuloma suggestive of mycobacterial infection. Anti-tuberculosis treatment resulted in a remarkable improvement in his symptoms and gradually upgrading of radiological appearance. The symptoms were less severe than some others described but this case provides evidence that, even in some cases, specific treatment may be necessary. We highlight the importance of recognizing miliary Mycobacterium bovis as a probable complication of bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy. The clinical disease course can be mild, despite extensive bilateral miliary nodules on primary presentation.

A pneumonite granulomatosa é uma complicação rara da imunoterapia com bacillus Calmette-Guerin após administração intravesical de bacillus Calmette-Guerin. Os autores apresentam um caso incomum de um homem de 67 anos de idade que desenvolveu sintomas ligeiros e inespecíficos, após instilações de bacillus Calmette-Guerin intravesical. Os xames revelaram características da tuberculose miliar e granuloma sugestivo de infeção por micobactérias. O tratamento antibacilar resultou numa melhoria notável na sua sintomatologia e na melhoria progressiva das alterações radiológicas. Os sintomas foram de menor gravidade comparativamente a outros casos relatados na literatura, mas este caso fornece evidências de que, mesmo em algumas situações, um tratamento específico pode ser necessário. Destacamos a importância de reconhecer o Mycobacterium bovis disseminado como uma provável complicação da imunoterapia a bacillus Calmette-Guerin. O curso clínico da doença pode ser ligeiro, apesar da extensa disseminação miliar bilateral na apresentação primária.

Tuberculosis de musculatura esquelética en una paciente inmunocompetente / Skeletal muscle tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient

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Controle mecânico da placa bacteriana com escovas convencionais e unitufo / Mechanical control of bacterial plaque with conventional toothbrush and single tuftee

O presente experimento verificou o controle mecânico da placa bacteriana utilizando escovas convencionais e unitufo, com cerdas artificiais. Dez participantes do sexo masculino e dez do sexo feminino foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em grupos I e II. O grupo I utilizou técnica de Bass com escovas convencionais e o grupo II empregou escovaçäo sulcular com escovas unitufo. No final de quatro semanas o grupo II apresentou índice de placa bacteriana e gengival inferior ao grupo I e o tempo dispendido para o controle mecânico näo apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante a partir da segunda semana. Os dois grupos apresentaram menor índice gengival no decorrer do estudo. A utilizaçäo de escovas unitufo para o controle mecânico da placa bacteriana pode ser uma alternativa eficiente para pacientes portadores de doenças periodontais