Risco de doenças cardiovasculares e predição de adiposidade corporal em hipertensos / Risk of cardiovascular disease and prediction of body fat in hypertensive patients

Este estudo objetivou avaliar o risco para doenças cardiovasculares e predição de adiposidade corporal em hipertensos. Participaram do estudo 53 sujeitos hipertensos, adultos e idosos. Foram avaliados por meio de antropometria e questionário socioeconômico. Os parâmetros utilizados para avaliar os riscos para doenças cardiovasculares foram: circunferência da cintura, percentual de gordura corporal através das pregas cutâneas, índice de adiposidade corporal e razão cintura-estatura. Os resultados foram avaliados descritivamente e com testes estatísticos. A média de idade da amostra foi 65,34±8,3 anos, sendo a maioria do gênero feminino (90,6%; n=48). A média de IMC entres os participantes da amostra foi 29,60±4,59 Kg/m² (mín.: 21,76; máx.: 39,55), onde a maioria foi classificada com excesso de peso/sobrepeso/obesidade.  Houve correlação entre os parâmetros antropométricos e de adiposidade corporal. Observou-se que entre os hipertensos havia o risco para doenças cardiovasculares perante todas as variáveis. Estes apresentaram excesso de peso, obesidade e sobrepeso, resultando em diminuição da qualidade de vida com possível piora do prognóstico.

To aim this study assess the risk of cardiovascular disease and prediction of body fat in hypertensive. The study included 53 hypertensive patients, adults and seniors. They were evaluated by anthropometry and socioeconomic questionnaire. The parameters used to assess the risk for CVD (waist circumference, body fat (%) skinfold thickness, body fat index and waist-height). The results were evaluated descriptively and statistical tests. The mean age of the sample was 65.34±8.3 years, most of them female (90.6%; n=48). The mean BMI participants of the sample was 29.60±4.59 kg / m² (min.: 21.76, max.: 39.55), where the majority was classified as overweight / overweight / obesity. There was a correlation between anthropometric parameters and body fat. It was observed that among hypertensive patients there was a risk for CVD before all variables. Were overweight, obesity and overweight. Resulting in decreased quality of life with possible worsening of prognosis.

CD1a+ and CD83+ Langerhans cells are reduced in lower lip squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a potentially malignant lesion diagnosed in the lip of patients chronically exposed to the sun that may give rise to a fully invasive lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (LLSCC). It is known that ultraviolet radiation causes dendritic cells (DCs) depletion in the epidermis, but the role of this cellular population in lip cancer progression remains uncertain. Therefore, this study investigated the distribution of DCs in normal, dysplastic and neoplastic tissues of the lower lip. METHODS: Thirteen cases of lower lip mucocele, 42 of ACs and 21 of LLSCC were retrieved and original diagnoses confirmed by two oral pathologists, who further classified ACs as low- and high-risk lesions. Immunoreactions against CD1a and CD83 identified immature and mature DCs, respectively. RESULTS: Immature CD1a+ Langerhans cells (LCs) were significantly decreased in LLSCC when compared to morphologically normal (P < 0.009) and dysplastic epitheliums (P < 0.003), whereas mature CD83+ LCs were significantly decreased in LLSCC when compared to normal epithelium (P = 0.038). There was no significant difference between low- and high-risk ACs regarding CD1a+ and CD83+ LCs (P > 0.05), but ACs demonstrated a lower concentration of CD1a+ LCs than normal epithelium (P < 0.009). There was no significant difference in the distribution of CD1a+ and CD83+ interstitial dendritic cells (IDCs) in the connective tissue among the studied groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that depletion of epithelial LCs, but not IDCs in the connective tissue, would represent an important step for lip cancer development.

[Nutritional status in children younger than 24 months in Alagoas, Brazil]. / Estado nutricional de crianças menores de 24 meses em Alagoas, Brasil.

The aim of this retrospective, cross-sectional study was to compare the 1977 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and the 2006 World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards to determine the nutritional status of children attending the pediatric outpatient clinic at a university hospital in Alagoas, Brazil. We reviewed 252 hospital charts of children younger than 24 months and determined the height-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-height using the two standards. The sample was of low socioeconomic level and exclusively or predominantly breastfed children. TheZ-scores for both standards indicated that the children in this sample were healthy, but the WHO standard was more sensitive for the detection of growth limitations in the first 6 months of life.

Estado nutricional de crianças menores de 24 meses em Alagoas, Brasil / Nutritional status in children younger than 24 months in Alagoas, Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo retrospectivo e transversal foi comparar a avaliação nutricional de crianças atendidas no ambulatório de puericultura do Hospital Universitário em Alagoas, Brasil, utilizando as curvas de crescimento de referência do National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) de 1977 e o padrão da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) de 2006. Foram analisados 252 prontuários de crianças menores de 24 meses e determinados comprimento para idade, peso para idade e peso para comprimento utilizando as duas curvas. A população era de baixo nível socioeconômico e recebia amamentação exclusiva ou predominante. Os escores Z para ambas as curvas indicaram que as crianças na amostra eram eutróficas, mas as curvas da OMS foram mais sensíveis para detectar desvios de crescimento nos primeiros 6 meses de vida.

The aim of this retrospective, cross-sectional study was to compare the 1977 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and the 2006 World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards to determine the nutritional status of children attending the pediatric outpatient clinic at a university hospital in Alagoas, Brazil. We reviewed 252 hospital charts of children younger than 24 months and determined the height-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-height using the two standards. The sample was of low socioeconomic level and exclusively or predominantly breastfed children. TheZ-scores for both standards indicated that the children in this sample were healthy, but the WHO standard was more sensitive for the detection of growth limitations in the first 6 months of life.

Perfil sociodemográfico e clínico das pacientes em tratamento do câncer mamário / Social demographic and clinical profile of patients in the breast cancer treatment

Introdução - O presente estudo teve o objetivo de traçar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico das pacientes em tratamento do câncer de mama. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, exploratório simples, com coleta de dados primários, por meio de questionário. O estudo foi realizado em uma clínica privada no interior do Estado de São Paulo, voltado ao tratamento de pacientes oncológicos. Material e Métodos - A população deste estudo foi constituída por mulheres em tratamento da neoplasia mamária. Foi aplicado um instrumento para caracterização dos sujeitos. Foram entrevistadas 62 pacientes portadoras de neoplasia mamária. Resultados - A idade média encontrada foi de 50,52 anos, a maioria era casada (79%), 81% referira ter filhos, 40,3% das pacientes tinham o ensino superior, 69,4% desenvolviam alguma atividade remunerada. A maioria dos sujeitos seguia alguma religião (95,2%), sendo 66,1% delas eram católicas, 95,2% referiram receber ajuda, sendo esta ajuda vinda de convênios ou empresas, 82,3% realizavam tratamento quimioterápico. Todas pacientes referiram ter apoio de seus familiares. Conclusão - Pode-se concluir que a população atendida neste serviço é uma população jovem, que está no mercado de trabalho, são casadas, têm filhos e recebem apoio da sua família para o tratamento. A maioriadas mulheres foi submetida ao tratamento quimioterápico que, geralmente, apresenta muitos efeitos colaterais, influenciando na adesão ao tratamento. Buscando o processo reabilitação e de enfrentamento da paciente vê-se a importância da ação do enfermeiro como educador.

Introduction - The present study had as objective draw the socialdemographic and clinical profile of the patients in the treatment of breast cancer. It refer to a simple exploratory, quantitative study, with primary fact-gathering, by means of questionnaire. The study was carried out in an private clinical practice in countryside of São Paulo State, come back to the treatment of oncological patients. Material and Methods - The population of this study was constituted by women in the breast cancer treatment. It was applied an instrument for characterization of the subjects.They were interviewed 62 breast cancer patients. Results - The medium age found was of 50.52 years, the most women were married (79%), 81% referred to have sons, 40.3% of the patients had the higher education, 69.4% developed some activity paid. The majority of the subjects followed some religion (95,2%), being 66.1% of them were catholic, 95.2% referred to receive help, being this helps coming of covenants or companies, 82.3% carried out chemotherapy treatment. All patients referred to have support of their relative. Conclusion - It is able to conclude that the population attended in this service is a young population, that is in the labor market, healthy married, have sons and receive support of his family for the treatment. The majority of the women were submitted to the chemotherapy treatment that, generally, presents many side effects, influencing in adhesion to the treatment. Seeking the trial rehabilitation and of clash of the sick one see the importance of the action of the nurse as educator.