Diagnósticos de enfermagem de risco para eventos adversos na instalação do cateterismo vesical de demora / Risk nursing diagnostics for adverse events in bladder catheterization installation delay / Diagnóstico de enfermería de riesgo para eventos adversos en la instalación de un catéter vesical permanente

Objetivo: construir diagnósticos de Enfermagem de risco durante cateterismo vesical de demora (CVD).Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório, observacional não participante, de abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi de seis enfermeiros que realizaram CVD em 56 pacientes e a coleta de dados foi registrada em formulário. Os achados receberam tratamento estatístico e as ações foram agrupadas em Diagnósticos de Enfermagem de risco, segundo a Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem (CIPE).Resultados: os Diagnósticos de Enfermagem construídos foram risco para infecção e risco para lesão, a partir de ações como a não higienização das mãos antes e após o procedimento; técnica asséptica, higiene íntima e realização do teste do balonete negligenciadas. Alguns possíveis impactos associados foram: contaminação do procedimento e lesão uretral e vesical. Conclusão: embora seja técnica comum no âmbito intra-hospitalar, foi possível identificar diagnósticos de Enfermagem de risco. Destaca-se a ausência de consenso técnico científico para execução do CVD.

Objective: to build risk nursing diagnosis for bladder catheterization delay (BCD). Method: descriptive, exploratory, observational nonparticipating study with a quantitative approach. The sample was six nurses who carried out BCD in 56 patients and data collection was recorded in a form. The findings were statistically treatment and the shares were grouped at risk, of nursing diagnosis according to the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP). Results: nursing Diagnoses built were risk for infection and risk of injury from actions such as not washing hands before and after the procedure; aseptic technique, intimate hygiene and realization of neglected cuff test. Some possible associated impacts were: contamination of the procedure and urethral and bladder injury. Conclusion: although it is a common technique within-hospital, it was possible to identify risk nursing diagnoses. The absence of technical and scientific consensus for the implementation of BCD is noteworthy.(AU)

Objetivo: construir el diagnóstico de enfermería de riesgo de la cateterización de la vesical de demora (CVD). Método: estudio descriptivo y exploratorio, observacional no participante, de abordaje cuantitativo. La muestra fue de seis enfermeros que realizaran CVD en 56 pacientes y recogida de datos se registró en formulario. Los resultados recibieron tratamiento estadístico y las acciones fueron agrupadas en diagnóstico de enfermería de riesgo, según la Clasificación Internacional para la Práctica de Enfermería (CIPE). Resultados: los diagnósticos de enfermería construidos eran riesgo de infección y riesgo de lesión, de acciones como el lavado de manos antes y después del procedimiento; técnica aséptica, higiene personal y del teste del balón medicinal descuidado. Algunos impactos posibles asociados fueron: contaminación de la lesión uretral y vesical. Conclusión: aunque sea técnica común en el hospital, fue posible identificar diagnósticos de enfermería de riesgo. Se destaca la falta de consenso técnico científico para ejecución del CVD.(AU)

Prevalence of dental anomalies on panoramic radiographs in a population of the state of Pará, Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Dental anomalies (DAs) are the result of disorders that are able to modify the shape, number, size, and structure of teeth. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of DAs using panoramic radiographs in a population of the City of Belém, northern Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 487 panoramic radiographs were evaluated searching for DAs. Dental records were reviewed for diagnostic confirmation. DAs related to the shape, number, size, and structure of teeth were investigated. RESULTS: Our results showed a DA prevalence of 56.9%. The most prevalent DA was taurodontism, which was present in 27.19% of cases. Root dilaceration was the second most prevalent DA in adults, whereas hypodontia was the second most prevalent DA in children. A total of 13 DAs were found. CONCLUSIONS: Dental anomalies were present in over half of the sample, and most of them were related to the shape of the teeth. Although there was a high prevalence of shape-related DAs, these alterations are generally of lower severity, and most do not require specific treatment. However, in 19.25% of cases, DAs were found involving the number, size and structure of the teeth. These DAs should be diagnosed and treated early, avoiding thus more serious complications.

Doença de Riga-Fede: relato de dois casos - um conservador e outro radical / Riga-Fede disease: double case report - a conservative and other radical

A lesão de Riga-Fede é uma ulceração traumática na superfície ventral da língua comumente associada a dentes natais ou neonatais. Esta lesão pode resultar em uma inadequada sucção do leite e alimentação, colocando o recém-nascido em risco de deficiências nutricionais. Nestas circunstâncias, intervenções dentais devem ser feitas com tratamento conservador (suavização da borda incisal) ou radical (exodontia). A decisão pelo tratamento radical é feita na presença de debilidade nutricional causada pela dificuldade de amamentação, em casos de mobilidade dentária avançada, rizogênese em estado inicial e diante de lesões com maiores extensões. O atual trabalho visa discutir dois casos com diferentes tratamentos, um conservador em que o paciente apresentava 28 dias de vida, discreto comprometimento na alimentação e não estava perdendo peso; e outro radical, em que o paciente apresentava 6 dias de vida dificuldade na alimentação e perda de peso

Riga-Fede disease is a traumatic ulceration on the ventral region of the tongue, usually associated with natal or neonatal teeth. This lesion can result in an inappropriate milk suction and feeding, leading the newborn in risk of inadequate nutrients intake. Under this circurnstances, dental intervention must be done as a conservative treatment (smoothening off the incisors edges) or radical (extraction). Oecision for the radical treatment is taken due the pre sence of nutritional deficiency by breastfeeding difficulty, in cases of advanced dental mobility teeth with initial rhizogenesis and larger lesions. The main objective of the present study is discuss two cases with different treatments, a conservative over a patient with 28 days of life quiet deficiency feeding and no weight 1055. And other radical, on a 6 days life patient with inappropriate feeding and and weight loss

Laser versus ultrasound on bone density recuperation after distraction osteogenesis-a cone-beam computer tomographic analysis.

PURPOSE: To assess the effects of low-level laser versus ultrasound irradiation on bone mineral density after distraction osteogenesis using cone-beam computed tomographic analysis in an experimental study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Distraction osteogenesis was performed with rapid maxillary expansion devices (Hyrax-Morelli, Sorocaba-São Paulo-Brazil). After a 2-day latency period, the distraction devices were activated for 10 days at a rate of 1 mm/day. Four groups of 6 animals were distributed as follows: 1) control, 2) laser irradiation on the right side, 3) ultrasound irradiation on the right side, and 4) laser irradiation on the right side and ultrasound on the left side. Cone-beam computed tomography was used to determine bone mineral density by measuring the recovery (percentage). Analysis of variance and the Tukey test (P = .05) were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: The influences of low-intensity laser and ultrasound irradiation on bone mineral density were statistically significant. The analyses showed greater bone mineral density recuperation in the mandibular side with the ultrasound application. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest an acceleration of bone mineral density after laser and ultrasound irradiation. Ultrasound irradiation showed the greatest effects and the laser power positively influenced the recuperation of the bone density on the side opposite its application, causing a cross reaction or even exacerbating the inherent action of ultrasound irradiation.

Efeitos do extrato de Chenopodium ambrosioides L. na cistite induzida pela ciclofosfamida / Effects of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. extract on cyclophosphamide induced cystitis

A cistite hemorrágica (CH) consiste em um processo inflamatório difuso de origem infecciosa ou não que resulta em um sangramento da mucosa vesical. As CH crônicas recorrentes induzidas pela ciclofosfamida (CYP) são um desafio na prática clínica pela alta morbidade e por vezes mortalidade dos pacientes. O tratamento da CH induzida pela ciclofosfamida consiste no uso de MESNA, disulfiram, N-acetil-cisteína, anti-inflamatório, oxigênio hiperbárico, hiper-hidratação e irrigação vesical, mas novas terapias têm sido investigadas, inclusive usando produtos naturais. A espécie vegetal Chenopodium ambrosioides L., conhecida popularmente como mastruz, mastruço e erva-de-Santa-Maria, tem sido relatada pela população como anti-inflamatório e analgésico. O presente estudo investigou os efeitos do extrato bruto hidroalcoólico de folhas de Chenopodium ambrosioides na CH induzida pela ciclofosfamida em ratos. Vinte e nove ratos receberam 150 mg/kg de CYP por via intraperitoneal (i.p.) para indução de CH e em seguida foram divididos em três grupos: controle negativo (CN), tratados com soro fisiológico a 0,9%; extrato bruto hidroalcoólico de Chenopodium ambrosioides (EBHCa), tratado com dose única de 50 mg/kg de extrato bruto hidroalcoólico de Chenopodium ambrosioides (EBH) e controle positivo (CP), tratados com dose única de 15 mg/kg de diclofenaco de potássio, todos por gavagem. Após 48 horas da indução da CH os animais foram sacrificados para retirada da bexiga, que foi preparada para análise histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica. O EBH foi capaz de diminuir o peso da bexiga e histologicamente a inflamação aguda e crônica da bexiga, a extensão do infiltrado inflamatório na parede vesical e a neoformação capilar do mesmo modo que o diclofenaco de potássio, quando comparados ao grupo CN. Observou-se ainda uma redução da expressão imuno-histoquímica de cicloxigenase-2 (COX-2) e do fator nuclear kappa B (NFB) na bexiga. No presente estudo o EBH das folhas de Chenopodium...

Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) consists of a diffuse inflammatory process that results on the bleeding of the bladder mucosa due to infectious or noninfectious etiology. Chronically recurrent CYP induced HC remains a challenge to clinical practice given its high morbidity and sometimes mortality of patients. Treatment consists of administering MESNA, disulfiram, N-acetylcysteine, anti-inflammatory, hyperbaric oxygen, hyperhydration and bladder irrigation, though new therapies have been investigated, such as the use of natural products. Popularly known as mastruz, mastruço and erva-de-Santa-Maria, Chenopodium ambrosioides L. has been generally reported by people as having anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The following study investigated the effects of a hydroalcoholic crude extract (EBH) of Chenopodium ambrosioides leaves on cyclophosphamide (CYP) induced HC in rats. In order to induce HC, twenty nine rats were intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered 150mg/kg of CYP and then divided into three groups: negative control (NC) were treated with 0,9% saline solution; hydroalcoholic crude extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides (EBHCa) were treated with a single dose of 50 mg/kg of EBH administered and positive control (PC) were treated with a single dose of 15 mg/kg of diclofenac potassium, all of them by gavage. After 48 hours of HC induction, all rats were sacrificed, their bladders removed and prepared for histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. EBH was able to decrease bladder weight and histologically decrease acute and chronic bladder inflammation, decrease on the infiltrated inflammatory extension of the bladder wall and capillary neoformation in the same way of those from group CN. There was also a reduction in the immunohistochemical expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) in the bladder. In this study, Chenopodium ambrosioides leaves EBH showed anti-inflammatory activity which was similar to results...

[Effect of Passiflora edulis (passion fruit) extract on rats' bladder wound healing: morphological study]. / Efeito do extrato de Passiflora edulis (maracujá) na cicatrização de bexiga em ratos: estudo morfológico.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Passiflora edulis leaves in the healing of urinary bladder in rats from histological aspects. METHODS: Forty Wistar male rats were submitted to a longitudinal incision of the bladder followed by a stetching in only one level. After this common procedure, animals were divided at random two groups: Passiflora and Control. In the Passiflora group the only dosage used was administered by intraperitoneal injection of hydroalcoholic extract of Passiflora edulis leaves while in the Control group distilled water was injected. Each subgroup was then divided in two subgroups according to the death of these animals: Control, three and seven days, Passiflora, three and seven days. After the death of these animals, an inventory of the abdominal cavity was performed and the bladder was removed. A comparative analysis was done between the two groups with microscopic evaluation of the healing. There was less acute inflammation (p=0.008), greater collagenous formation (p=0.001) and greater capillary neo-formation (p=0.000) in the third day Passiflora subgroup when compared to the Control subgroup of the third day. RESULTS: There was less acute inflammation (p=0.001), greater fibroblastic proliferation (p=0.011) and greater collagenous formation (p=0.001) in the Passiflora subgroup of seventh day when compared with the Control seventh day subgroup. CONCLUSION: The use of Passiflora edulis leaves extract resulted in less acute inflammation, greater fibroblastic proliferation, collagenous formation and capillary neo-formation on rats' bladder wound healing.

Efeito do extrato de Passiflora edulis (maracujá) na cicatrização de bexiga em ratos: estudo morfológico / Effect of Passiflora edulis (passion fruit) extract on rats bladder wound healing: morphological study

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito do extrato das folhas de Passiflora edulis na cicatrização de bexiga em ratos, sob aspectos histológico. MÉTODOS: Quarenta ratos da linhagem Wistar, machos foram submetidos à incisão longitudinal na bexiga e síntese em plano único. Após este procedimento comum, os animais foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos, Passiflora e Controle. No grupo Passiflora utilizou-se dose única intra-peritoneal do extrato hidroalcoólico das folhas de Passiflora edulis e no grupo controle utilizou-se dose única intraperitoneal de água destilada. Cada grupo foi dividido em dois subgrupos, conforme o dia de morte dos animais, subgrupos Controle três e sete dias e subgrupos Passiflora três e sete dias. Após a morte dos animais, foi feito o inventário da cavidade abdominal e a retirada da bexiga. Uma análise comparativa entre os dois grupos, utilizando-se parâmetros microscópicos da cicatrização, foi realizada. RESULTADOS: Houve menor inflamação aguda (p=0,008), maior colagenização (p=0,001) e maior neoformação capilar (0,000) no subgrupo Passiflora do terceiro dia, quando comparado com o subgrupo Controle do terceiro dia. Encontrou-se menor inflamação aguda (p=0,001), maior proliferação fibroblástica (p=0,011) e maior presença de colágeno (p=0,001) no subgrupo Passiflora do sétimo dia quando comparado ao subgrupo Controle do sétimo dia. CONCLUSÃO: O extrato das folhas de Passiflora edulis diminuiu a inflamação aguda e aumentou a proliferação fibroblástica, a colagenização e a neoformação capilar na cicatrização da bexiga de ratos.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Passiflora edulis leaves in the healing of urinary bladder in rats from histological aspects. METHODS: Forty Wistar male rats were submitted to a longitudinal incision of the bladder followed by a stetching in only one level. After this common procedure, animals were divided at random two groups: Passiflora and Control. In the Passiflora group the only dosage used was administered by intraperitonial injection of hydoalcoholic extract of Passiflora edulis leaves while in the Control group distilled water was injected. Each subgroup was then divided in two subgroups according to the death of these animals: Control, three and seven days, Passiflora, three and seven days. After the death of these animals, an inventory of the abdominal cavity was performed and the bladder was removed. A comparative analysis was done between the two groups with microscopic evaluation of the healing. There was less acute inflammation (p=0.008), greater colagenous formation (p=0.001) and greater capillary neo-formation (p=0.000) in the third day Passiflora subgroup when compared to the Control subgroup of the third day. RESULTS: There was less acute inflammation (p=0.001), greater fibroblastic proliferation (p=0.011) and greater colagenous formation (p=0.001) in the Passiflora subgroup of seventh day when compared with the Control seventh day subgroup. CONCLUSION: The use of Passiflora edulis leaves extract resulted in less acute inflammation, greater fibroblastic proliferation, colagenous formation and capillary neo-formation on rats bladder wound healing.

Obstruçäo intestinal por "ascaris lumbricoides" / Intestinal obstruction by ascaris lumbricoides

Os autores apresentam estudo retrospectivo de 17 pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico por obstruçao intestinal provocada por Ascaris Lumbricoides. Clinicamente os pacientes apresentavam dor e distensao abdominal, vômitos e parada de eliminaçao de gases e fezes. Os procedimentos cirúrgicos realizados foram enterotomia com retirada dos vermes, mobilizaçao distal por ordenha e ressecçao com anastomose intestinal. Ocorreram dois óbitos (11,8 por cento). Os autores discutem a necessidade de avaliaçao cuidadosa destes pacientes.

Diverticulite de Meckel por corpo estranho / Meckel' diverticulites by corpus striatum

Os autores apresentam um caso raro de diverticulite de Meckel por corpo estranho. O quadro clínico sugeriu abdome agudo cirúrgico. Os autores comentam a dificuldade diagnóstica no pré-operatório.