Robotic wireless capsule endoscopy: recent advances and upcoming technologies.

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) offers a non-invasive evaluation of the digestive system, eliminating the need for sedation and the risks associated with conventional endoscopic procedures. Its significance lies in diagnosing gastrointestinal tissue irregularities, especially in the small intestine. However, existing commercial WCE devices face limitations, such as the absence of autonomous lesion detection and treatment capabilities. Recent advancements in micro-electromechanical fabrication and computational methods have led to extensive research in sophisticated technology integration into commercial capsule endoscopes, intending to supersede wired endoscopes. This Review discusses the future requirements for intelligent capsule robots, providing a comparative evaluation of various methods' merits and disadvantages, and highlighting recent developments in six technologies relevant to WCE. These include near-field wireless power transmission, magnetic field active drive, ultra-wideband/intrabody communication, hybrid localization, AI-based autonomous lesion detection, and magnetic-controlled diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, we explore the feasibility for future "capsule surgeons".

Temporal and spatial changes and influencing factors of low-carbon economy efficiency in China.

Low-carbon development has always been an important focus of China's economic transformation. In order to promote the development of low-carbon economy, this study used SBM-DEA model to evaluate China's provincial LCEE from 2005 to 2019, studied its temporal and spatial evolution law, used spatial autocorrelation to explore the correlation of China's provincial LCEE, and explored the key influencing factors of LCEE with Tobit model. The empirical results show that the LCEE of most provinces in China is declining, and there are significant differences among different regions in China. Because the eastern region of China can rely on its own human resources, capital environment, and economic foundation, the overall LCEE level is relatively high, while the central and western regions still have obvious deficiencies due to industrial conditions, geographical location, and other factors. LCEE has significant spatial correlation, and neighboring provinces have spillover effects on local LCEE. On this basis, the key factors that affect LCEE are determined. Urbanization level, traffic level, economic development level, financial development, investment in fixed assets, and energy consumption are the important factors that affect LCEE in China, but these influences vary from province to region. It is more reasonable for local governments to develop low-carbon economy according to their own conditions.

Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Tourism-Urbanization-Technology-Ecological Environment on the Yunnan-Guizhou-Sichuan Region: An Uncoordinated Coupling Perspective.

The tourism, urbanization, technology, and the ecological environment both promote and restrict each other. Coordinating the relationship between the four is of great significance to the realization of high-quality sustainable regional development. Taking the Yunnan-Guizhou-Sichuan region as an example, this paper constructs an uncoordinated coupling model for the tourism-urbanization-technology-ecological environment system. Using exploratory spatial analysis and geographic information systems, this paper reveals the temporal and spatial evolution law affecting the uncoordinated coupling relationship between tourism, urbanization, technology and the ecological environment in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Sichuan region from 2010 to 2020, before establishing a panel Tobit model that is used to explore the factors affecting the four systems. The research shows the following: (1) The level of comprehensive development for tourism, urbanization, technology, and the ecological environment in Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan has increased rapidly. Of all these, the tourism industry was the most affected by COVID-19 in 2020, while the level of urbanization, technology, and ecological environment developments in the three provinces has become similar over time. (2) Uncoordinated development between cities is a prominent problem; while the uncoordinated coupling spatial agglomeration in various regions is relatively stable, the proportion of cities with no significant agglomeration form amounts to more than 70%, with mostly low-low (L-L) and high-high (H-H) agglomeration types. (3) The degree to which uncoordinated coupling exists among the four systems in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Sichuan region is affected by many factors. Only eco-environmental pressure has a significant positive correlation with the degree of uncoordinated coupling, while the tourism scale, economic urbanization, eco-environmental response, and investment in technology have a significant negative correlation. These results provide a theoretical basis and practical references for strengthening the government's macro-control and promoting collaborative regional development.

Analysis of the spatial distribution and influencing factors of China national forest villages.

China national forest villages are the agents to promote rural greening and beautification, as well as further implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. It is of great significance to study their spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors. Therefore, taking 7586 China national forest villages as examples, the methods of nearest neighbor index, Tyson polygon, cold and hot spot analysis, and nuclear density index are used to study the spatial distribution characteristics of China national forest villages and their influencing factors. The results show that (1) since the nearest neighbor index is less than 1, and the Tyson polygon area variation coefficient is much greater than 64%, it is comprehensively determined that the distribution of China national forest villages belongs to agglomerated distribution. (2) The spatial clustering is characterized by "hot in the south and cold in the north." The hot spots are dominated by southern regions such as Sichuan, Hubei, and Jiangsu, and the cold spots are dominated by northern regions such as Heilongjiang, Jilin and Xinjiang. (3) The distribution characteristics of nuclear density have a strong correlation with the distribution characteristics of forest vegetation and urban agglomerations. Most high-density areas are located within the forest vegetation coverage. The first batch forms the Yangtze River Delta and Central Plains urban agglomerations high-density areas, and the second batch forms the Yangtze River Delta and Central Plains high-density areas. (4) Elevation, aspect, river, forest resources endowment, traffic, economic development level, and population size are important factors affecting the distribution of China national forest villages, and their distribution presents the characteristics of "low altitude, positive direction, near water, rich forest resources, convenient transportation, developed economy, and dense population." The research can provide reference for the evaluation and construction of China national forest villages and the implementation of village beautification and rural revitalization strategies in the future.