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1.
Gac Sanit ; 37: 102272, 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36542890

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To describe the impact of diagnosis delay in rare diseases and analyze psychosocial needs related to this delay in patients. METHOD: The qualitative approach has been used by conducting online group interviews with patients and family members in the Valencian Region (Spain) and a content analysis has been carried out. Two categories were differentiated: with diagnostic delay of 1 year or more and without diagnostic delay. Five interviews were conducted with a total of 25 participants. RESULTS: The content analysis showed unequal aspects vs. common aspects, in persons with or without diagnostic delay. People with delay expressed the need to feel supported in order to live with continuous uncertainty. People without delay verbalized the importance of adequate communication between patients and professionals. The problems by the COVID-19 were common in both groups; the participants expressed that they did not feel unattended in their disease by the health services. CONCLUSIONS: High resilience and coping capacity has been identified in people with rare disease, regardless of whether they have suffered diagnostic delay or not. The professional psychosocial support during the diagnostic process of these rare diseases is essential.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Diagnóstico Tardio , Humanos , Doenças Raras/diagnóstico , COVID-19/diagnóstico , Adaptação Psicológica , Medo , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Teste para COVID-19
2.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 37: 102272, 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-217767

RESUMO

Objetivo: Describir el impacto de la demora diagnóstica de enfermedades raras y analizar las necesidades psicosociales de las personas afectadas en relación con dicha demora. Método: Se ha empleado el enfoque cualitativo mediante la realización de entrevistas grupales online a pacientes y familiares en la Comunitat Valenciana (España) y se ha efectuado un análisis de contenido. Se diferenciaron dos categorías: con demora diagnóstica de 1 año o más y sin demora diagnóstica. Se realizaron cinco entrevistas en las que participaron un total de 25 personas. Resultados: El análisis mostró aspectos desiguales frente a aspectos comunes, en personas con o sin demora diagnóstica. Las personas con demora manifestaron la necesidad de sentirse «sostenidas» para convivir con una incertidumbre continua. Las personas sin demora verbalizaron la importancia de una adecuada comunicación entre pacientes y profesionales. Los problemas surgidos por la COVID-19 fueron comunes en ambos grupos, y las personas participantes expresaron no sentirse desatendidas en su enfermedad por los servicios sanitarios durante la pandemia. Conclusiones: Se ha observado una gran capacidad de resiliencia y afrontamiento en las personas con enfermedades raras, independientemente de si han sufrido demora diagnóstica o no. El apoyo psicosocial profesionalizado durante el proceso de diagnóstico de estas enfermedades minoritarias es esencial. (AU)


Objective: To describe the impact of diagnosis delay in rare diseases and analyze psychosocial needs related to this delay in patients. Method: The qualitative approach has been used by conducting online group interviews with patients and family members in the Valencian Region (Spain) and a content analysis has been carried out. Two categories were differentiated: with diagnostic delay of 1 year or more and without diagnostic delay. Five interviews were conducted with a total of 25 participants. Results: The content analysis showed unequal aspects vs. common aspects, in persons with or without diagnostic delay. People with delay expressed the need to feel supported in order to live with continuous uncertainty. People without delay verbalized the importance of adequate communication between patients and professionals. The problems by the COVID-19 were common in both groups; the participants expressed that they did not feel unattended in their disease by the health services. Conclusions: High resilience and coping capacity has been identified in people with rare disease, regardless of whether they have suffered diagnostic delay or not. The professional psychosocial support during the diagnostic process of these rare diseases is essential. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pandemias , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Tardio , Espanha , Doenças Raras/diagnóstico , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Adaptação Psicológica , Medo
3.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 93: 0-0, 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-189549

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: La Enfermedad de Wilson (EW) es una patología rara congénita y hereditaria que se produce por acumulación de cobre en el organismo, degeneración crónica hepática, neurológica o lenticular. En ocasiones es incapacitante por lo que influye en la calidad de vida de afectados y familiares. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar las necesidades médicas, sociales y emocionales de pacientes y familiares. MÉTODOS: Con metodología cualitativa se realizaron en la Comunitat Valenciana (CV), en 2015-2016, 5 entrevistas a profesionales sanitarios y 2 grupos de discusión, uno con familiares y otro con afectados. Se elaboró un guión estructurado en: diagnóstico, tratamiento, atención sanitaria y calidad de vida. La información se recogió en audio/video, previa autorización y se transcribió literalmente. Se realizó un análisis del discurso (profesionales vs. familiares/afectados) determinando necesidades y demandas concretas. RESULTADOS: Los profesionales se mostraron emocionalmente distantes de las necesidades emocionales de afectados y familiares y consideraron necesario disponer de mayor información para facilitar el diagnóstico precoz. Las familias expresaron preocupación sobre la adherencia al tratamiento, especialmente en adolescentes, y confusión sobre la importancia de seguir una dieta baja en cobre. Los afectados reconocieron tener dudas sobre la funcionalidad de la medicación. Los afectados neurológicamente se sintieron estigmatizados por las secuelas físicas de la enfermedad. CONCLUSIONES: Los sanitarios consideran que tener un mayor conocimiento sobre esta enfermedad facilitaría una detección precoz. Familiares y afectados necesitan indicaciones claras y especificadas sobre las pautas de administración del tratamiento y sobre los alimentos que deben excluir de la dieta


OBJECTIVE: Wilson disease (WD) is a rare congenital disease that causes hepatic, neurological or lenticular degeneration due to the accumulation of copper. Sometimes it is incapacitating with implications in the quality of life of those affected and their families. The objective of this work was to identify the needs of medical staff and the social and emotional needs of patients with WD and their families. METHODS: A qualitative research was developed in the Valencian Region during 2015-2016, five interviews with medical staff and two focus groups were made, one with family members and another with patients using a script divided into: diagnosis, treatment, health care and quality of life. The information was collected in audio/video and transcribed. An analysis of discourse (professional vs family/affected) determining needs was made. RESULTS: Medical staff need more knowledge about this pathology. Better educational training for them would facilitate the diagnosis. Families and patients need more information about the guidelines for the treatment's administration and foods that should be excluded from the diet. The correct administration of the treatment will allow those affected to improve their quality of life with a total or partial recovery of their symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Peru has made significant progress in reducing chronic malnutrition in children, but it still represents a health problem due to high prevalence in the sierra and expansion to jungles districts in 2016. Policies and programs should continue and enhance to avoid the high burden of disease that generates malnutrition in the development of children


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Saúde da Família , Degeneração Hepatolenticular/complicações , Degeneração Hepatolenticular/psicologia , Degeneração Hepatolenticular/terapia , Qualidade de Vida , Família , Grupos Focais , Corpo Clínico , Peru , Pesquisa Qualitativa
4.
Rev. esp. drogodepend ; 40(3): 43-60, jul.-sept. 2015. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-144207

RESUMO

Objetivos. Los objetivos de este estudio han sido: 1) conocer las opiniones, actitudes y conductas de las familias sobre la prevención en drogodependencias; 2) establecer tipologías de familias en función de sus opiniones, actitudes y conductas en torno a las drogas. Material y método. El trabajo combina la metodología cuantitativa a través de la encuesta y la metodología cualitativa por medio de entrevistas grupales. La encuesta se ha realizado sobre una muestra representativa de 700 familias de la provincia de Valencia. Para la selección de los participantes en las 6 entrevistas grupales se han empleado dos criterios: el consumo de los padres y las edades de los hijos. Resultados. Para las familias valencianas el primer factor de riesgo y el primer factor de protección están vinculados al entorno familiar. Los comportamientos y actitudes frente a las drogas varían entre los padres y las madres, y en función de si las drogas son legales e ilegales. El papel de las familias como agentes de prevención depende de la edad de los hijos y del consumo de los padres. Las familias muestran un alto interés por estar informadas, en particular en lo que se refiere a cómo detectar y afrontar el posible consumo de los hijos. Conclusiones. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la necesidad de que las políticas preventivas contemplen la diversidad de los modelos familiares. Se han establecido dos tipologías de familias según los siguientes criterios: 1) actitudes y conductas en torno al consumo de drogas y 2) actitudes hacia la prevención. Así mismo se constata la necesidad de que los programas preventivos deben adaptarse a la realidad que las familias están viviendo


Objectives. The aims of this study were: 1) to find out the opinions, attitudes and conducts of families in terms of prevention in drug addiction; 2) to establish typologies of families depending on their opinions, attitudes and conducts as regards drugs. Material and methods. The work combines quantitative methodology through the survey and qualitative methodology through group interviews. The survey was conducted on a representative sample of 700 families in the province of Valencia. Two criteria were used for the selection of participants in the 6 group interviews: the parents’ consumption and the ages of the children. Results. The first risk factor and the first protection factor for Valencian families are linked to the family. Conducts and attitudes in respect of drugs vary between fathers and mothers, and depending on whether drugs are legal or illegal. The role of families as prevention agents depends on the age of the children and parents’ consumption. Families show great interest in being informed, in particular as regards how to detect and address possible consumption by their children. Conclusions. The results show the need for preventive policies considering the diversity of family models. Two types of families have been established, using the following criteria: 1) attitudes and conducts as regards drug use and 2) attitudes to prevention. A need for preventive programs to adapt to the reality that families are experiencing is similarly detected


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Família/psicologia , Saúde da Família/normas , Violência Doméstica/prevenção & controle , Violência Doméstica/psicologia , Conflito Familiar/psicologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/prevenção & controle , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Relações Familiares , Terapia Familiar/métodos , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos/métodos , Fatores de Risco , Proteção da Criança/psicologia
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