Drugs With Anticholinergic Potential and Risk of Falls With Hip Fracture in the Elderly Patients: A Case-Control Study.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between the use of anticholinergic drugs and the risk of falls with hip fracture in a population older than 60 years. METHODS: A case-control study in patients older than 60 years with a diagnosis of hip fracture. All drugs dispensed during the previous 30 days were identified. Sociodemographic, clinical, pharmacological (drugs according to the Anticholinergic Risk Scale [ARS]), and polypharmacy variables were analyzed. MEASUREMENTS: Falls with hip fracture and type of drug according to the ARS. RESULTS: A total of 300 patients with hip fracture and 600 controls were included. The mean age was 81.6 ± 8.9 years, with female predominance (71.3%). The use of drugs with moderate (odds ratio [OR]: 1.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-3.27) or high ARS scores (OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.13-2.96) increased the probability of fracture. CONCLUSIONS: There was an association between the use of drugs with anticholinergic properties and the probability of hip fracture in elderly patients and it was possible to establish the level of risk.

Association between the use of benzodiazepines and opioids with the risk of falls and hip fractures in older adults.

ABSTRACTBackground:To determine the association between the use of opioids and benzodiazepines and the risk of falls with hip fracture in populations older than 65 years in Colombia. METHODS: A case-control study with patients older than 65 years with diagnosis of hip fracture. Two controls were obtained per case. The drugs dispensed in the previous 30 days were identified. Sociodemographic, diagnostic, pharmacological (opioids and benzodiazepines), and polypharmacy variables were analyzed. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk of fall with hip fracture while using these drugs. RESULTS: We included 287 patients with hip fractures and 574 controls. There was a female predominance (72.1%) and a mean age of 82.4 ± 8.0 years. Of the patients, 12.7% had been prescribed with opioids and 4.2% with benzodiazepines in the previous month. The adjusted multivariate analysis found that using opioids (OR:4.49; 95%CI:2.72-7.42) and benzodiazepines (OR:3.73; 95%CI:1.60-8.70) in the month prior to the event was significantly associated with a greater probability of suffering a fall with hip fracture. CONCLUSIONS: People who are taking opioids and benzodiazepines have increased risk for hip fracture in Colombia. Strategies to educate physicians regarding the pharmacology of older adults should be strengthened.

¿Estamos controlando el dolor posquirúrgico? / Are we controlling postoperative pain?

Introducción: El dolor en el posquirúrgico inmediato ha sido subvalorado y manejado inadecuadamente. Objetivos: Evaluar la percepción del dolor a las 4h del postoperatorio de pacientes del Hospital Universitario San Jorge de Pereira (Colombia). Materiales y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal en pacientes mayores de 18 años entre el 2 de septiembre y el 28 de octubre de 2011. Se valoró la intensidad del dolor postoperatorio mediante escala visual analógica a las 4h del procedimiento. Se consideraron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y farmacológicas. El análisis se hizo con SPSS 20.0 para Windows. Resultados: Se evaluaron 213 pacientes en postoperatorio, 114 (53,6%) mujeres y 99 (46,4%) hombres, con edad promedio de 47,1 ± 20,0 años. El 51,4% de los pacientes no tenía controlado el dolor a las 4h. Las variables edad, residencia urbana, tipo de cirugía, incumplimiento de la dosis y monoterapia analgésica se asociaron de manera estadísticamente significativa con la falta de control. Discusión: El inadecuado control del dolor obliga a replantear su manejo idealmente con guías de práctica clínica y con el empleo de medicamentos analgésicos a las dosis e intervalos adecuados.

Introduction: Immediate postoperative pain has been underestimated and managed inadequately. Objectives: To assess perceived pain 4 h after surgery in patients at the San Jorge University Hospital in the city of Pereira. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study in patients over 18 years of age was conducted between September 2 nd and October 28th, 2011. Postoperative pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, 4 h after completing the procedure. Social, demographic clinical and pharmacological variables were considered. The analysis was done using the SPSS 20.0 for Windows. Results: Of the 213 postoperative patients studied, 114 (53.6%) were women and 99 (46.4%) were men, with a mean age of 47.1 ± 20.0 years. At 4 h, 51.4% of patients did not have pain control. There was a statistically significant association between lack of control and age, living in the urban area, type of surgery, non-adherence to the dose, and monotherapy analgesia. Discussion: Inadequate pain control requires revisiting its management, ideally on the basis of clinical practice guidelines and using analgesic drugs at adequate doses and intervals.