Bridging the LatinX community care gap.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To summarize current developments aimed at improving diabetes care utilizing novel and culturally sensitive strategies to bridge the care gap in the LatinX community. RECENT FINDINGS: There is more than a decade of literature describing disparities in diabetes care and outcomes particularly involving ethnic and racial minorities leading to higher incidence of acute and long-term complications. Social determinants of health including language and cultural barriers in the LatinX community are important determining factors. We found three novel strategies reported in the current literature aimed at closing the diabetes care gap in LatinX patients: community-based efforts: community health workers (CHWs) and peer-led; shared medical and educational models; and adapting telehealth group appointments. SUMMARY: Here we review relevant but limited published articles found in the literature addressing the diabetes care gap in the LatinX community utilizing cost effective, novel and culturally sensitive strategies and reinforce the importance of continued work and publications on this very important field.

Cost and healthcare utilization analysis of culturally sensitive, shared medical appointment model for Latino children with type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated costs and healthcare utilization associated with a culturally-sensitive, medical and education program for pediatric Latino patients with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Program participants included Latino children ages 1-20 years old diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (n = 57). Control subjects with type 1 diabetes were matched by age, sex, and zip code to intervention participants from the Colorado All Payer Claims Database. Data included emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, demographic information, and health insurance claims data 180 days prior to program start/index date through 1 year after program start/index date. We tracked program staff time and estimated costs for healthcare utilization using data from the scientific literature. Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) models with logit link were used to estimate group differences in probabilities of ED visits and hospitalizations over 6-month periods pre/post-study, accounting for correlation of within-subject data across time points. Sensitivity analyses modeled longer-term cost differences under different assumptions. RESULTS: The intervention group had fewer hospitalizations, 2% versus 12% of controls (p = 0.047,OR = 0.13;95%CI: 0.02-0.97) for 6 months following start date. The intervention group had fewer ED visits, 19% versus 32% in controls (n.s.; p = 0.079,OR = 0.52;95%CI:0.25-1.08) and significantly fewer hospitalizations, 4% versus 15% of controls (p = 0.039,OR = 0.21;95%CI: 0.05-0.93) 6-12 months post-start date. One-year per-patient program costs of $633 and healthcare cost savings of $2710 yielded total per-patient savings of $2077, or a 5-year cost savings of $14,106. CONCLUSION: This unique type 1 diabetes management program altered health service utilization of program participants, reducing major healthcare cost drivers, ED visits, and hospitalizations.

Novel, culturally sensitive, shared medical appointment model for Hispanic pediatric type 1 diabetes patients.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Latino patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) face cultural and language barriers leading to poor outcomes. Shared medical appointments (SMAs) are recognized as effective models of care. Our aim is to develop a culturally sensitive, cost effective SMA program for Latino T1D. SUBJECTS: Spanish speaking Latinos 1 to 20 years with T1D (n = 88) and their families. METHODS: Routine care alternating with SMAs that included group education was provided. Teens, ages >11 received the SMA separate from parents. Younger children were seen together. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), behavioral questionnaires, and use of diabetes technology were measured at baseline and every 3 to 6 months. RESULTS: 57.7% of children and 77.27% of teens completed the 2 years of the Program. There was a significant association between age and change in HbA1c from baseline to year 1 (P = .001) and baseline to year 2 (P = <.0001). For participants <12 years, there was a significant improvement in HbA1c from baseline to year 1 (P = .0146) and from year 1 to year 2 (P = .0069). Participants ≥12 years, had an increase in HbA1c from year 1 to year 2 (P = .0082). Technology use increased significantly from baseline to year 2 for participants <12 years of age (19%-60%, P = .0455) and for participants who were ≥12 years of age (10%-23%, P = .0027). Participants reported a 98% satisfaction rate. CONCLUSIONS: The culturally sensitive SMA proved to be an appreciated, feasible, and effective alternative to care for Latinos with T1D.