Prevalência de sintomas depressivos e ansiedade em enfermeiros de hospitais de Rio Branco, Acre / Prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety among nurses in hospitals in Rio Branco, Acre / Prevalencia de síntomas depresivos y ansiedad en enfermeros de hospitales de Rio Branco, Acre

Objetivo:identificar prevalência de sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade em enfermeiros de três hospitais públicos terciários no município de Rio Branco e seus fatores associados. Método:estudo transversal quantitativo. Foram incluídos 182 enfermeiros atuantes na assistência à saúde dos três hospitais selecionados em 2019. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário estruturado. As associações entre as variáveis independentes e dependentes foram verificadas por regressão de Poisson. Resultados:a prevalência de sintomas depressivos foi de 25,8% e de ansiedade de 35,2%. Foi identificada associação de sintomas depressivos com má qualidade do sono, baixo apoio social, presença de doenças metabólicas e trabalho ativo. Os sintomas de ansiedade foram associados à má qualidade do sono, baixo apoio social, intensidade de trabalho excessiva, ambiente de trabalho com odor desagradável e idade. Conclusõesfatores individuais e relacionados ao trabalho foram associados à presença de sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade.

Objective: to identify the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in nurses from three public tertiary hospitals in the city of Rio Branco and the factors associated with them. Methods:quantitative cross-sectional study. 182 nurses working in healthcare sector in the three selected hospitals in 2019 were included. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The relationship between the independent and dependent variables were tested using Poisson regression. Results:the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 25.8% and of anxiety 35.2%. There was an association between depressive symptoms and poor sleep quality, low social support, presence of metabolic disease, and active work. Anxiety symptoms were associated with poor sleep quality, low social support, excessive workload, unpleasant smelling work environment and age. Conclusions:individual and work-related factors were associated with the presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms.

Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia de síntomas depresivos y ansiosos en enfermeros de tres hospitales públicos de tercer nivel de la ciudad de Rio Branco y sus factores asociados. Métodos:estudio cuantitativo transversal. Se incluyeron 182 enfermeras que trabajan en el sector sanitario en los tres hospitales seleccionados en 2019. Los datos se recopilaron mediante un cuestionario estructurado. Las asociaciones entre las variables independientes y dependientes se verificaron mediante regresión de Poisson.Resultados:la prevalencia de síntomas depresivos fue de 25,8% y de ansiedad de 35,2%. Se identificó asociación de síntomas depresivos con mala calidad del sueño, bajo apoyo social, presencia de enfermedades metabólicas y trabajo activo. Los síntomas de ansiedad se asociaron con mala calidad del sueño, bajo apoyo social, carga de trabajo excesiva, ambiente de trabajo con olores desagradables y edad. Conclusiones:los factores individuales y laborales se asociaron con la presencia de síntomas depresivos y ansiosos.

Vulnerability among rural older adults in southern Brazil: population-based study.

INTRODUCTION: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of vulnerability, and to identify the associated factors of vulnerability among rural community-dwelling older adults living in the municipality of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, population-based study of a sample of individuals aged 60 years or older. Data from the first follow-up of the EpiRural Cohort Study (2018-2019) were used. Vulnerability was assessed using the Vulnerable Elders Survey (VES-13). The maximum score is 10 and older adults with scores of 3 or more are classified as vulnerable. Poisson regression with robust adjustment of variance was used for crude and adjusted analyses. For the analysis of the associated factors, a theoretical model was constructed with three hierarchical levels. The variables were adjusted in relation to each other within each level; those with a significance level of 0.20 or less were included in the regression model and adjusted to a higher level, with a subsequent level of significance of 5%. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of vulnerability was 40.8% (95%CI 37.5-44.3). Vulnerability was more prevalent among women (PR=1.45; 95%CI 1.23-1.71), older adults who did not work (PR=1.70; 95%CI 1.17-2.45), those who lived without a partner (PR=1.26; 95%CI 1.07-1.47), those with diabetes (PR=1.23; 95%CI 1.03-1.48), those with depression (PR=1.21; 95%CI 1.02-1.42), those with osteoporosis (PR=1.38; 95%CI 1.15-1.66), and those with sarcopenia (PR=1.67; 95%CI 1.38-2.02). CONCLUSION: Vulnerability is common among rural community-dwelling older adults and is associated with sociodemographic and health characteristics.

The Role of Physical Vulnerability in the Association Between Social Activities and Cognitive Performance in Rural Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study.

The aim of this study was to examine the association of social activities with cognitive performance in older adults in the southern area of Brazil, considering the important moderating role of physical vulnerability. A prospective population-based study was conducted in the rural area of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Self-reported social activities were collected at baseline. Cognitive performance and physical vulnerability were measured in the second wave of data collection. The association of social activities with cognitive performance was determined using robust generalized linear models. In adjusted analysis, the social activities were positively associated with cognitive performance in physically vulnerable older adults. However, this association was not found in those who were nonvulnerable. Our findings may contribute to future investigations of possible explanatory avenues for the association between social activities and cognitive performance as well as the development of interventions aimed at improving cognitive skills.

Lack of access to medications for hypertension and diabetes mellitus among aged from 2017 to 2019 in Brazil / Falta de acesso a medicamentos para hipertensão e diabetes mellitus entre idosos de 2017 a 2019 no Brasil

Objective: to identify sociodemographic and regional differences in the lack of access of aged Brazilians to medicines for hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus in the last 30 days, in the years 2017, 2018 and 2019, based on data from the Telephone-based Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases (VIGITEL). Methods: a population-based transversal study using data from VIGITEL. Were eligible the elderly (≥60 years) who answered affirmatively to the questions "In the past 30 days, did you have been without any hypertension medications for some time?", "In the past 30 days did you have been without any high to control diabetes for some time?", and "In the past 30 days, did you ran out of insulin?" Chisquared test was used to describe the prevalence of the outcome in accordance with the independent variables, and ajusted Poisson Regression was used to estimate the prevalence ratio and respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: the prevalence of the outcome was 11.8% in 2017, 11.4% in 2018, and 11.2% in 2019. A higher prevalence of lack of access to medications for hypertension and diabetes mellitus was observed among elderly people of black/brown/yellow/indigenous skin color, less educated, beneficiaries of Bolsa Família, without private health plan and living in the Northeast and North regions.Conclusion: there was a small reduction in the lack of access to medication for hypertension and diabetes between 2017 and 2019. Furthermore, the results reveal inequality in access to these medicines

Objetivos: identificar diferenças sociodemográficas e regionais na falta de acesso de idosos brasileiros a medicamentos para hipertensão e/ou diabetes mellitus nos últimos 30 dias, nos anos de 2017, 2018 e 2019, com base nos dados da Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL). Métodos: estudo transversal de base populacional com dados do VIGITEL. Foram elegíveis os idosos (≥60 anos) que responderam afirmativamente às questões "'Nos últimos 30 dias, o(a) Sr.(a). ficou sem algum dos medicamentos para controlar a pressão alta por algum tempo?', 'Nos últimos 30 dias, o(a) Sr.(a). ficou sem algum dos medicamentos para controlar a diabetes por algum tempo?' e 'Nos últimos 30 dias, o(a) Sr.(a). ficou sem insulina?'". O teste qui-quadrado foi utilizado para descrever a prevalência do desfecho de acordo com as variáveis independentes e a Regressão de Poisson ajustada foi utilizada para estimar a razão de prevalência e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC 95%). Resultados: a prevalência do desfecho foi de 11,8% em 2017, 11,4% em 2018 e 11,2% em 2019. A prevalência de falta de acesso a medicamentos para hipertensão e diabetes mellitus foi maior entre os idosos de cor da pele preta/parda/amarela/indígena, com menor escolaridade, beneficiários do Bolsa Família, sem plano privado de saúde e residentes nas regiões Nordeste e Norte. Conclusão: houve uma pequena redução na falta de acesso a medicamentos para hipertensão e diabetes entre 2017 e 2019. Além disso, os resultados revelam desigualdade no acesso a esses medicamentos

Aging in a rural area in southern Brazil: designing a prospective cohort study.

INTRODUCTION: This article presents the methods used to design a prospective cohort study with older adults from a rural area in the far south of Brazil (EpiRural Cohort Study), as well as to describe the cohort profile. METHODS: The cohort study began in 2017 and evaluated older adults (≥60 years) living in rural area. The first follow-up of the cohort was carried out between September 2018 and March 2019. Data collection at baseline and first follow-up was performed through an electronic questionnaire containing demographic, socioeconomic and health-related questions, such as alcohol and cigarette consumption, morbidities and self-perceived health status. RESULTS: At baseline, 1130 older adults were sampled, 1029 of whom were interviewed (91.1%). The age of almost 17% was 80 years or more, and 55.2% were male. At first follow-up, 862 individuals were followed (83.8%) and the characteristics of the older adults interviewed compared to those not interviewed at follow-up were similar. Between baseline and follow-up, the proportion of individuals aged 70-79 years increased, as well as the proportion of those who had consumed alcoholic beverages in the previous week and who had hypertension. The male-to-female ratio, those who were living alone, working, smokers, diabetics, who had stroke and who reported their health as being very good/good were comparable between the baseline and follow-up. CONCLUSION: With a reasonable follow-up rate, it was possible to transform a cross-sectional study into a prospective cohort study. However, new strategies will be needed to help locate participants more successfully and ensure a good response rate in future follow-ups.

Functional dependence among older adults: a cross-sectional study with a rural population of southern Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Brazil has a rapidly aging population, yet little is known about the occurrence of functional dependence in the rural older adult population. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of functional dependence and its associated factors among community-dwelling older adults in the rural area of the municipality of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, population-based study. A systematic random sampling of households was used. Eighty percent of households in the rural area were selected, which included 1131 older adults. The outcome analyzed in this study was functional dependence. This was measured by and data were collected using the Katz Index for Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Lawton and Brody's Scale for Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). Descriptive analysis was used to estimate the prevalence of functional dependence in ADL and IADL and to describe the sample. Crude and adjusted analysis was performed by Poisson regression with robust adjustment of variance. Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were reported. RESULTS: A total of 1029 older adults took part in this study, corresponding to an 8.9% rate of losses and refusals. Prevalence of functional dependence in ADL was 8.1% (95%CI 6.4-9.7), while prevalence of functional dependence in IADL was 32.4% (95%CI 29.5-35.2). The occurrence of functional dependence in one or more of ADL or IADL was 6.7% (95%CI 5.2-8.2). The following categories were associated with functional dependence in ADL: female sex (PR=1.70; 95%CI 1.10-2.62), age group 80 years or more (PR=3.68; 95%CI 2.20-6.16), no schooling (PR=2.61; 95%CI 1.26-5.37) and 1-4 years of schooling (PR=2.49; 95%CI 1.28-4.84), having diabetes (PR=1.85; 95%CI 1.21-2.83), depression in the previous year (PR=1.90; 95%CI 1.09-3.31), urinary incontinence (PR=3.26; 95%CI 2.06-5.16), history of stroke (PR=2.26; 95%CI 1.35-3.76) and poor/very poor self-rated health (PR=2.36; 95%CI 1.29-4.32). The following categories were associated with functional dependence in IADL: female sex (PR=1.40; 95%CI 1.19-1.65), age groups of 70-79 years (PR=1.92; 95%CI 1.51-2.43) and 80 years or more (PR=3.80; 95%CI 3.07-4.72), no schooling (PR=1.87; 95%CI 1.46-2.41) and 1-4 years of schooling (PR=1.55; 95%CI 1.22-1.96), medical diagnosis of diabetes (PR=1.33; 95%CI 1.10-1.60), urinary incontinence (PR=1.40; 95%CI 1.17-1.68), history of stroke (PR=1.41; 95%CI 1.10-1.81) and regular self-rated health (PR=1.27; 95%CI 1.06-1.52) or poor/very poor self-rated health (PR=1.80; 95%CI 1.41-2.30). CONCLUSION: Older adults in rural areas have a high prevalence of functional dependence. Knowledge of functional dependence and associated factors in rural populations is necessary for the planning and developing actions, especially in the routine of primary care, which promote health and prevent or postpone the decline in functional capacity.

Acquisition and completion of pregnant woman's medical booklet in four populational-based surveys / Posse e preenchimento da Caderneta da Gestante em quatro inquéritos de base populacional

Abstract Objectives: to measure the prevalence of acquiring and evaluating the level of completion of the pregnant women's medical booklet on the occasion of childbirth in Rio Grande, Brazil. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study including all puerperals residing in this municipality in 2007, 2010, 2013 and 2016. The mothers were interviewed at the only two local maternities up to 48 hours after childbirth. The data from the pregnant woman's medical booklet were copied on a standard form. The chi-square test was used to compare proportions. Results: 10,242 pregnant women were included in this study. Of these, 54.8% (CI95%=53.8%-55.7%) had their pregnant woman's medical booklet with them at the time of admission. The completion pattern of the pregnant woman's medical booklet is divided into three groups, namely: with at least 95%: date of the last consultation visit, maternal height and blood pressure verification, uterine height, cardio-fetal heart rate and the Rh factor; 85% or more: date of the last menstruation, qualitative urine test, VDRL and HIV; and less than 30%: performance of clinical breast examination and cytopathology of the uterine cervix. In the private sector, the acquisition of the pregnant woman's medical booklet was 41% lower than at the public sector (62% vs. 44%). Conclusions: the use of the pregnant woman's medical booklet and its completion were lower than expected on several items. Local managers need to work together with the health professionals and these health professionals should work with the mothers to promote the full use of this essential document for the maternal and child's health.

Resumo Objetivos: medir prevalência de posse e avaliar preenchimento da Caderneta da Gestante (CG) por ocasião do parto em Rio Grande, RS. Métodos: estudo transversal incluindo todas as puérperas residentes nesse município em 2007, 2010, 2013 e 2016. As mães foram entrevistadas nas duas únicas maternidades locais em até 48 horas após o parto. As informações da CG foram copiadas em formulário padrão. Na comparação de proporções utilizou-se teste qui-quadrado. Resultados: participaram deste estudo 10.242 parturientes. Destas, 54,8% (IC95%=53,8%-55,7%) portavam CG ao hospitalizar. O padrão de preenchimento da caderneta pode ser dividido em três grupos: com pelo menos 95%: data da última consulta, altura materna e verificação da pressão arterial, altura uterina, batimento cardiofetal e fator Rh; com 85% ou mais: data da última menstruação, exame qualitativo de urina, testagem para VDRL e HIV e com menos de 30%: realização de exame clinico das mamas e citopatológico de colo uterino. No setor privado, a posse da CG foi 41% menor em relação ao setor público (62% versus 44%). Conclusões: a utilização da CG e seu preenchimento para diversos itens estão aquém do esperado. Gestores locais precisam atuar junto aos profissionais de saúde, e estes junto às mães para o uso pleno desse documento essencial à saúde materno-infantil.