RESUMO
A survey was undertaken of the use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in Spain. 45.7% of emergency departments use NIV. The average time it has been in use is 4 years. Public hospitals use NIV more frequently (89.5%) as well as teaching hospitals (78.1%). Emergency physicians are the professionals who most frequently use NIV (68.8%). High flux continuous positive airway pressure (58.4%) and facial masks (63.5%) are most commonly used. Only 18.9% of hospitals have quality registration in NIV and 35.6% have protocols for using NIV. The method is underused by technicians working in hospital emergency services and there is a lack of uniform protocols with other departments involved.
Assuntos
Serviços Médicos de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Respiração com Pressão Positiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Padrões de Prática Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Humanos , Corpo Clínico Hospitalar/estatística & dados numéricos , Ventilação não Invasiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/terapia , Espanha , Revisão da Utilização de Recursos de SaúdeRESUMO
The cutaneous affection in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or Kala-azar, is well known although poorly documented. The coinfection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has resulted in the development of frequent atypical forms of VL, increasing the descriptions of cutaneous affection in its evolution. We present two cases of VL-HIV, stressing the location of Leishmania in cutaneous lesions and in apparently normal skin. We suggest the cutaneous biopsy as diagnostic procedure and criteria for the definition of VL-HIV as indicative of AIDS.