RESUMO
Fibronectin binding proteins play an important role in the adherence and invasion of group A streptococci (GAS). Genotypically distinct GAS isolates were screened for the presence and expression of two streptococcal fibronectin binding protein genes, sfbI and sfbII. Of the tested strains, 64 and 36% were shown to harbor and express the sfbI and sfbII genes, respectively. All sfbII-positive strains tested were also positive for sfbI, but only 28% of the sfbII-negative strains were positive for sfbI. High levels of immunoglobulin G antibodies to both SfbI and SfbII were found in sera from 80 subjects with defined streptococcal infections.
Assuntos
Adesinas Bacterianas , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Proteínas de Transporte/imunologia , Fibronectinas , Infecções Estreptocócicas/sangue , Streptococcus pyogenes/patogenicidade , Adolescente , Adulto , Aderência Bacteriana , Proteínas de Bactérias/imunologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Proteínas de Membrana/imunologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Northern Territory , Streptococcus pyogenes/imunologiaRESUMO
Aboriginal communities in Northern Australia with high rates of group A streptococcal (GAS) skin infection in childhood also have high rates of renal failure in adult life. In a cross-sectional study of one such high risk community, albuminuria was used as a marker of renal disease. The prevalence of albuminuria increased from 0/52 in subjects aged 10-19 years to 10/29 (32.9%) in those aged 50 or more (P < 0.001). Antibodies to streptococcal M protein, markers of past GAS infection, were present in 48/52 (92%) at ages 10-19 years, 16/32 (50%) at ages 30-39, and 20/29 (69%) in those aged 50 or more. After allowing for the age-dependencies of albuminuria and of M protein antibodies (P < 0.001) albuminuria was significantly associated with M protein antibodies (P < 0.01). Thus, 72% of adults aged 30 or more with M protein antibodies also had albuminuria, compared with only 21% of those who were seronegative. More detailed modelling suggested that although most Aboriginal people in this community developed M protein antibodies following GAS infection in childhood, the development of proteinuria was associated with the persistence of such seropositivity into adult life. The models predicted that proteinuria developed at a mean age of 30 years in seropositive persons, at 45 years in seronegative persons who were overweight, and at 62 years in seronegative persons of normal weight. We demonstrated a clear association between evidence of childhood GAS infection and individual risk of proteinuria in adult life. This study provided a strong rationale for prevention of renal disease through the more effective control of GAS skin infections in childhood and through the prevention of obesity in adult life.
Assuntos
Albuminúria/imunologia , Albuminúria/microbiologia , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Antígenos de Bactérias , Doenças Endêmicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Falência Renal Crônica/microbiologia , Proteínas Musculares , Proteínas do Mieloma , Havaiano Nativo ou Outro Ilhéu do Pacífico/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções Estreptocócicas/complicações , Streptococcus pyogenes/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa , Proteínas de Transporte , Criança , Conectina , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Northern Territory , Obesidade/complicações , Estudos Prospectivos , Análise de Regressão , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The M-protein genes (emm genes) of 103 separate impetiginous Streptococcus pyogenes isolates were sequenced and the sequence types were compared to the types obtained by Vir typing. Vir typing is based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of a 4- to 7-kb pathogenicity island encoding emm and other virulence genes. By using both HaeIII and HinfI to generate RFLP profiles, complete concordance between Vir type and emm sequence type was found. Comparison of the emm sequences with those in GenBank revealed new sequence types sharing less than 90% identity with known types. Diversity in the emm sequence was generated by corrected frameshift mutations, point mutations, and small in-frame mutations.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Transporte , Streptococcus pyogenes/genética , Fatores de Virulência , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Sequência de Bases , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Streptococcus pyogenes/classificação , Streptococcus pyogenes/patogenicidadeRESUMO
Working on an intensive care unit is perceived as stressful. This study investigated occupational stress in staff working on an intensive care unit using the occupational stress indicator. Questionnaires were given to all intensive care staff; the replies were then analysed and compared with normative data. The response rate was 62%. Intensive care unit staff found aspects of their job relating to career and achievement and organisational design and structure more stressful than a normal working population. Their coping strategies differ but the only significantly different measure of adverse outcome was related to personal relationships at work. The job itself was not found to be a significant source of stress. Nursing staff have different sources of stress from medical staff and individuals with partners or children are relatively protected from stress.
Assuntos
Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Corpo Clínico Hospitalar/psicologia , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Estresse Psicológico/etiologia , Adaptação Psicológica , Adulto , Inglaterra , Família , Feminino , Humanos , Satisfação no Emprego , Masculino , Fatores de RiscoAssuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa , Proteínas de Transporte , Glomerulonefrite/epidemiologia , Glomerulonefrite/microbiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/epidemiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia , Streptococcus pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Surtos de Doenças , Feminino , Glomerulonefrite/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Epidemiologia Molecular , Havaiano Nativo ou Outro Ilhéu do Pacífico , Northern Territory/epidemiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/complicações , Streptococcus pyogenes/classificação , Streptococcus pyogenes/genéticaAssuntos
Infecções Estreptocócicas/epidemiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia , Streptococcus pyogenes , Adolescente , Adulto , Bacteriemia/epidemiologia , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Sequência de Bases , Criança , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/epidemiologia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/microbiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Primers do DNA/genética , Fasciite Necrosante/epidemiologia , Fasciite Necrosante/microbiologia , Humanos , Epidemiologia Molecular , Northern Territory/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Streptococcus pyogenes/classificação , Streptococcus pyogenes/genética , Streptococcus pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Virulência/genéticaRESUMO
The prevalence of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in Northern Territory Aboriginal communities is high, but there is a low isolation rate of historically rheumatic fever associated M types (such as M5) of group A streptococci (GAS). Many isolates are M non-typable (MNT). Serology suggests that the population is exposed to M5-like isolates; some RHD patients having high IgM or IgG titres to two M5 B-repeat region peptide epitopes, B1 (KQQESK) and B4 (EQKSKQ). To identify relatives of M5 in our collection of GAS, oligonucleotide probes to the B1 and B4-repeat regions shared by M5 and a local M5-like isolate, were used to screen 101 isolates for the presence of signature sequences. In all, 28% of the tropical Australian isolates contained the signature sequences, identifying members of the M5 family. The 5' region of the genes for M proteins from three members of the M5 family fell into two sequence types. Hybridisation to probes based on these sequences suggested that among tropical Australian isolates there are at least three distinct sequence types that contained the M5 signature sequences. These results suggest that a considerable number of M5 family GAS are circulating in tropical Australia.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Transporte , Febre Reumática/microbiologia , Streptococcus pyogenes/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Sequência de Bases , Criança , Genes Bacterianos/genética , Humanos , Isotipos de Imunoglobulinas/sangue , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Havaiano Nativo ou Outro Ilhéu do Pacífico , Northern Territory , Oligopeptídeos/síntese química , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Sequências Repetitivas de Ácido Nucleico , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Sorotipagem , Streptococcus pyogenes/classificação , Streptococcus pyogenes/imunologia , Clima TropicalAssuntos
Linfedema/etiologia , Tinha/complicações , Adolescente , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Imunidade Celular , Itraconazol , Cetoconazol/análogos & derivados , Cetoconazol/uso terapêutico , Linfedema/imunologia , Ativação Linfocitária , Tinha/tratamento farmacológico , Tinha/imunologiaRESUMO
A full-term male infant was seen at age 5 months with symptomatic zinc deficiency. He was breast fed and the mother's milk zinc levels were low. The infant responded to oral zinc supplements and has continued to be asymptomatic for 12 months after their withdrawal. This is the first report of transient zinc deficiency in an otherwise healthy, breast-fed, full-term infant of normal birth weight.
Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Zinco/deficiência , Eritema/tratamento farmacológico , Eritema/etiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pele/patologia , Sulfatos/uso terapêutico , Zinco/uso terapêutico , Sulfato de ZincoRESUMO
In a consecutive series of thirty-six male and female patients referred with severe acne, the effect of 3 months' treatment with placebo or spironolactone (50-200 mg daily) on sebum excretion and clinical and endocrine status was evaluated double-blind. Twenty-six patients completed the study. Abnormal free androgen indices were found in 27% of the original nineteen female subjects. Spironolactone reduced sebum excretion in all female subjects, but there was no correlation between sebum response and androgen status. The clinical response was dose-dependent, with maximum subjective and objective benefit when spironolactone doses of 150-200 mg were used.
Assuntos
Acne Vulgar/tratamento farmacológico , Sebo/metabolismo , Espironolactona/uso terapêutico , Acne Vulgar/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Androgênios/análise , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Método Duplo-Cego , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Sebo/efeitos dos fármacos , Espironolactona/administração & dosagem , Espironolactona/efeitos adversosAssuntos
Dermatoses Faciais/tratamento farmacológico , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/tratamento farmacológico , Mecloretamina/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Axila , Dermatoses Faciais/etiologia , Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Úlcera Cutânea/tratamento farmacológico , Úlcera Cutânea/etiologiaRESUMO
The purpose of this report is to give further details of a case of hypertrichosis lanuginosa acquisita, previously documented as not having an associated malignancy, which at post-mortem was found to have evidence of widespread internal malignant disease.
Assuntos
Hipertricose/etiologia , Neoplasias Brônquicas/complicações , Carcinoma/complicações , Carcinoma/secundário , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeAssuntos
Doença de Fabry/fisiopatologia , Rim/fisiologia , Adulto , Doença de Fabry/patologia , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
A case of focal epithelial hyperplasia of the oral mucosa (Heck's disease) is presented, which appears to be the first to be described in the United Kingdom. Virus particles were found in tissue from the lesions studied by electron microscopy, and identified as belonging to the papilloma virus sub-group of the family of papovaviruses.