Unlocking the future of smart food packaging: biosensors, IoT, and nano materials.

This review examines how biosensors, the Internet of Things (IoT), and nano materials can revolutionize food packaging. It highlights the limitations of traditional packaging, particularly concerning barrier properties and food quality monitoring. The paper aims to provide specific insights into the potential of these technologies. Biosensors enable real-time monitoring and spoilage detection, ensuring safer products, while IoT enhances traceability and transparency in the supply chain, leading to reduced material waste, energy waste, and operational inefficiencies, ultimately improving efficiency. Nano materials offer improved barrier capabilities, strength, and antimicrobial properties, enhancing product quality and sustainability. The review paper also discusses the promising future of smart food packaging, driven by technological advancements and consumer demand for safer and eco-friendly products. However, it acknowledges the challenges related to regulations, sustainability, and consumer acceptance that need to be addressed for widespread adoption. In conclusion, this paper demonstrates how smart food packaging with biosensors, IoT, and nano materials can transform the food industry by overcoming traditional limitations and meeting evolving consumer needs, providing improved food safety, quality, and sustainability.

Hsp90 as a gatekeeper of tumor angiogenesis: clinical promise and potential pitfalls.

Tumor vascularization is an essential modulator of early tumor growth, progression, and therapeutic outcome. Although antiangiogenic treatments appear promising, intrinsic and acquired tumor resistance contributes to treatment failure. Clinical inhibition of the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) provides an opportunity to target multiple aspects of this signaling resiliency, which may elicit more robust and enduring tumor repression relative to effects elicited by specifically targeted agents. This review highlights several primary effectors of angiogenesis modulated by Hsp90 and describes the clinical challenges posed by the redundant circuitry of these pathways. The four main topics addressed include (1) Hsp90-mediated regulation of HIF/VEGF signaling, (2) chaperone-dependent regulation of HIF-independent VEGF-mediated angiogenesis, (3) Hsp90-dependent targeting of key proangiogenic receptor tyrosine kinases and modulation of drug resistance, and (4) consideration of factors such as tumor microenvironment that pose several challenges for the clinical efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy and Hsp90-targeted strategies.

Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the larynx: a case report.

Of head and neck malignancies extramedullary plasmacytoma occurs in less than 1% cases. It is the rarest primary laryngeal malignancy. A 65-year-old man presented with dry cough and breathlessness for last 6 months. Direct laryngoscopic examination showed a gray-white submucosal mass in the subglottic region. Histopathological examination showed presence of pseudostratified columnar epithelium with underlying stroma having mature and immature plasma cells. The cells were mono to bi-nucleated having eccentric nuclei and condensed spoke like chromatin. Few cells had centrally placed nuclei with small but conspicuous nucleoli. Some cells resembling Reed-Sternberg cells were also seen. The patient was successfully treated with primary radical radiotherapy and showed no signs of local recurrence after a 12-month follow-up.

Nasopharyngeal presentation of renal cell carcinoma.

In this case report, we present a 50-year- old woman, who presented with severe headache as her only presenting clinical symptom due to nasopharyngeal mass. Histo-pathological evaluation of the biopsy from nasopharyngeal mass revealed clear cell carcinoma. On further evaluation, an asymptomatic mass was detected in the left kidney. The metastatic lesion was treated with palliative radiotherapy. A search of the literature revealed no reports of such unusual metastasis in the nasopharynx from a primary carcinoma of the renal origin.

Malignant schwannoma of the sinonasal tract.

Malignant Schwannoma of the sinonasal tract is an extremely rare tumour. So far, only 19 cases have been reported in the literature. We report herein a case of malignant schwannoma involving nasal cavity, maxillary antrum and ethmoid sinus in a 60-year-old male patient. The patient was treated with surgery and post-operative radiotherapy. He currently remains free of the disease 15 months after the diagnosis and twelve months after completing therapy.

Liposarcoma of the larynx treated with radiotherapy.

Liposarcoma of the larynx is an extremely rare malignancy. Only 18 cases have been reported in the literature. We herein report the first case of primary liposarcoma of supra-glottic larynx in a 53-years old male patient successfully treated with radiotherapy in August-September 1992. He currently remains free of the disease 4.5 years since the initial diagnosis.