[The use of hydroxyapatite substance for the ostheosynthesis after comminuted thigh fractures].

The surgical tactics was analyzed in 102 patients operated on the comminuted thigh fractures. 95 patients were administered in a state of shock; 48 patients had multiple and combined injuries. All patients were operated on with the use of modern metal constructions. Bone fragments' fixation was performed with the use of splint (n=75) or adaptive ostheosynthesis (n=27), in aggreagation with the "KollapAn" fixation substance. Excellent results were acquired in 64 patients, good - in 25 patients and satisfactory - in 12 patients. The long-term results after the year were obtained in 82 patients. The results of the follow-up coincided with those, achieved in postoperative rehabilitation period.

[Treatment of cervical vertebrae bodies pathologic fractures].

Treatment results of 32 patients with pathologic fractures of cervical vertebrae bodies were analyzed. Vertebral destruction was due to tumour metastases (18 patients), nonspecific spondylitis (12 patients) and fibrocystic displasia (2 patients). Myelopathy with local and radicular pain syndrome was registered in all cases before the operation. All patients underwent the destroyed vertebral body replacement by the carbonic implant with collapanoplasty. Pain was relieved in all cases, full and partial myelopathy regression was registered in 27 and 5 patients, respectively.

Surface structure of sterically stabilized ferrofluids in a normal magnetic field: grazing-incidence x-ray study.

We studied the internal structure of sterically stabilized water- and oil-based ferrofluids in the vicinity of the free interface with a gas by means of x-ray reflectometry and grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction. It was found that in-depth distribution of the magnetic nanoparticles in the layer close to the interface is essentially inhomogeneous. In the case of water-based ferrofluids an enhanced concentration of surfactant and subsequent reduced concentration of the particles were detected in the 100-200-A -thick interface-adjacent layer. Scattering patterns possessing characteristic features of powder diffraction revealed partial ordering of the surfactant in a multilamellar structure. External magnetic fields applied perpendicular to the interface effectively reduced thickness of the depleted layer bringing the particles from the bulk to the surface. However no field-induced correlations between the particles were detected. In the top 500-A -thick layer of an oil-based ferrofluid depletion of the particles density was also present; however, no special arrangement of the surfactant molecules was manifested by the experimental data. Interestingly, for all samples we observed wavy surface deformation appearing in the normal magnetic field of a strength H much smaller than the critical values H_{c} calculated according to the conventional theory of ferrofluid surface instability. This deformation with lateral periodicity of a few millimeters has an amplitude smoothly increasing up to a few microns at H=0.5H_{c} .

Magnetic field dependent ordering in ferrofluids at SiO2 interfaces.

We report pronounced smecticlike ordering in a ferrofluid adjacent to a SiO2 wall. In the presence of small magnetic fields perpendicular to the interface, ordered layers of magnetite nanoparticles form that can extend up to 30 layers. We also show that short ranged ordered structures emerge when the magnetic field direction is parallel to the interface; however, the layering is strongly perturbed. These results have been obtained by in situ neutron reflectometry which gives a detailed microscopic picture of these ordering phenomena. They also reveal the formation of a wetting double-layer which forms the magnetic template for the observed ordering sheets. The implications of these findings are discussed.

[Red cell phospholipid composition in children with neurological pathology]. / Fosfolipidnyi sostav érotrotsitov pri nevrologicheskoi patologii u detei.

Changes of red cell membrane phospholipid composition were studied in children with different neurological disorders--cerebral palsy, organic CNS damages and perinatal encephalopathy. The percentages of phosphatidylcholin and, in some cases, of phosphoglycerides increase depending on the disease type. The above changes were determined by craniocerebral innervation disturbances and concerned mainly the content of phosphatidylcholin, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamin. The determination analysis established that the changes of erythrocytes phospholipid content correlated with clinical state severity and intellectual development of children, and to depend on the disease type and may affect directly development/disturbance of craniocerebral innervation and intellectual development. The age changes were shown to influence phosphatid acid percentage in the patients.

[Sjögren's syndrome in children]. / Sindrom Shegrena u detei.

The authors summed up the results of a many-year study of 13 children with Sjogren's diseases and syndrome, presented clinical characterization of patients, a course of this childhood pathology, some therapeutic problems and catamnestic data. An excerpt from a case history of a child with Sjogren's syndrome was given. Characteristic features of this childhood pathology were defined in comparison with adult patients.