[Reasons for urinary tract infections in children based on personal observations]. / Przyczyny zakazen ukladu moczowego u dzieci w obserwacjach wlasnych.

The aim of this study was to analyse, basing on clinical observation, the reasons of urinary tract infection in children. The study included 1016 children with urinary tract infection /832 girls and 184 boys/ in the age between 2 weeks and 18 years old hospitalised in our Department in the period 1994-2000. The most common reasons of urinary tract infections were urinary tract abnormalities and the first among them was vesicoureteral reflux. In bacterial etiology Escherichia coli was the most common bacterial strain.

[The effect of treatment methods on frequency of relapse in nephrotic syndrome in children]. / Wplyw metody leczenia na czestosc nawrotów zespolu nerczycowego u dzieci.

The purpose of the work was to evaluate the influence of the treatment method in nephrotic syndrome on remission time and frequency of sickness relapse. Assessments were made in 26 children aged 1-17 years hospitalised in the Pediatric and Nephrology Department of the Military School of Medicine from 1993-1999. All children were steroid-sensitive, but only one patient didn't have relapse during the 3-years of observation. Because the most of children had oedema syndrome (92.3%) the treatment was started with intravenous hydrocortisone and continued with oral prednisone according to International Study of Kidney Disease in Children (ISKDC) criteria. 10 children with steroid-dependent syndrome were treated with intravenous methylprednisolone. Levamisole was given to 7 patients with concomitant respiratory infection. 7 other children were qualified for chlorambucil treatment. Choice of the treatment method in steroid-dependent and frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome should be concordant with specificity of the particular patient's disease.

[Analysis of erythrocyturia causes in children]. / Analiza przyczyn krwinkomoczu u dzieci.

The aim of this study was to assess, on the basing on clinical observation, the causes of erythrocyturia in children. The study include 438 children (214 girls and 224 boys) between 6 month and 17-teen years old with erythrocyturia, treated in Pediatric Nephrology Department from September 1992 till October 1999. The most common was the group of children with urolithiasis--162 (36.99%) and preurolithiasis state--126 (28.77%). In 153 cases urolithiasis was the only reason of erythrocyturia and in 9 children near urolithiasis the other reason (vesicouretheral reflux, urinary tract infection, glomerulitis, polycystic kidney) has been found. In 103 children the preulithiasis state was the only cause of erythrocyturia, in 23 children it was coexisted with others (vesicouretheral reflux, urinary tract infection, glomerulitis). As the more rare common causes were established vesicouretheral reflux, urinary tract infection, glomerulonephritis, in 36 children (8%) we did not find the reason of erythrocyturia. Variety of the reasons makes differential diagnostics of erythrocyturia complicated and needs experience and specialistic diagnostic investigation.

[Clinical assessment of Uro-Vaxom in the treatment and prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infection in children: preliminary results]. / Ocena kliniczna przydatnosci preparatu Uro-Vaxom w leczeniu i profilaktyce nawracajacych zakzen ukladu moczowego u dzieci--doniesienie wstepne.

The aim of the study was to determine the efficiency of Uro-Vaxom in the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infection in children. We examined 19 girls in aged 4-17 years treated in our Department since Jan 1998 until Jan 1999 for of recurrent urinary tract infection induced by E. coli (RUTI). All girls have been cured with Uro-Vaxom in single daily dose for 3 months. Disappearance of RUTI in 47% of children and decrease in RUTI in 42% reveals that Uro-Vaxom plays significant role in the treatment of this disease.

[Specificity of uroflowmetry as a screening test for the urinary tract diseases in children]. / Przydatnosc oceny przeplywu cewkowego jako badania przesiewowego u dzieci.

The aim of the study was to determine the specificity of uroflowmetry a screening testing the urinary diseases in children. We have investigated 70 children. Patients were divided in 3 groups. Group I included 38 children with recurrent urinary tract infections, group II included 18 children with enuresis, and group III included 14 children with preurolithiasis state. Pathological uroflowmetry was detected in 11 children (15.7%), which indicating the need of using this test during diagnostic process.