RESUMO
We compared the incidence of multidrug resistance in 150 consecutive Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained from a rural center (in Sakawar, India) and an urban tertiary care center (in Mumbai, India). The study highlights an alarmingly high percentage of multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates in Mumbai (51%) as compared with that at the rural center (2%).
Assuntos
Antituberculosos/farmacologia , Resistência a Múltiplos Medicamentos/fisiologia , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/efeitos dos fármacos , Tuberculose Resistente a Múltiplos Medicamentos/epidemiologia , Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Incidência , Índia/epidemiologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , População Rural , Tuberculose Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , População UrbanaAssuntos
Teste Tuberculínico/normas , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnósticoAssuntos
Doenças Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Índia , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Áreas de Pobreza , Radiografia , Doenças Respiratórias/diagnóstico por imagem , População UrbanaAssuntos
Tuberculose Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Índia , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolamento & purificação , Radiografia , Escarro/microbiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagemAssuntos
Teste Tuberculínico , Tuberculina/normas , Tuberculose Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Índia , LactenteAssuntos
Radiografia Pulmonar de Massa , Programas de Rastreamento , Tuberculose Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Índia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Tuberculose Pulmonar/prevenção & controleAssuntos
Vacina BCG , Mycobacterium bovis , Teste Tuberculínico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Criança , Humanos , LactenteRESUMO
Data on the dynamics of the tuberculosis situation in rural South India, obtained by the National Tuberculosis Institute, Bangalore, were fed into a mathematical model. By this means predictions about the future tuberculosis situation have been made under a wide range of hypothetical assumptions.
Assuntos
Antituberculosos/administração & dosagem , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Antituberculosos/normas , Vacina BCG , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Computadores , Demografia , Feminino , Fertilidade , Previsões , Humanos , Índia , Lactente , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Teóricos , Saúde da População Rural , População Rural , Tuberculose/prevenção & controleAssuntos
Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Índia , Lactente , População Rural , Tuberculose/mortalidadeRESUMO
A study was undertaken in Bangalore City, India, to find out whether people with chest symptoms, including tuberculosis patients, attend general health institutions or report directly to tuberculosis clinics. The attendance for one day at 19 general dispensaries was investigated. Of the total of 2506 eligible persons who were questioned about the presence of chest symptoms, 1170 admitted having symptoms suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis and 20 cases and 31 suspected cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were diagnosed. The findings indicate that tuberculosis patients do not by-pass the city health institutions. On the other hand, if these institutions take an active part in the tuberculosis programme and undertake diagnostic functions, or refer persons with chest symptoms to a central clinic, they can contribute substantially to case-finding.
Assuntos
Instalações de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Tuberculose Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Índia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnósticoRESUMO
In the District Tuberculosis Programme in India, which is part of a national programme, case-finding and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis are integrated into the general health services. With such an integration, it is desirable, in order to forecast possible achievements, to understand the additional work-load that the programme will impose upon the existing health institutions and to assess the potential of these institutions for case-finding and treatment.The operational study described in this paper was made under programme conditions in a district in South India and is an examination of the case-finding potential of rural health institutions, using direct microscopy of sputum for diagnosis, and of the additional work-load involved by such case-finding. Under the conditions found in the course of the study, it is clear that a substantial proportion (at least 65%) of pulmonary tuberculosis cases prevalent in the district can be detected by the existing staffs with an easily manageable work-load.
