RESUMO
Aim: This study evaluated the effect of three collagen cross-linking agents - proanthocyanidins (grape seed extract [GSE] and green tea extract [GTE]) and glutaraldehyde [GA] on microshear bond strength (µSBS) of caries-affected dentin (CAD)-resin complex. Materials and Methods: Freshly extracted 96 teeth with caries up to the middle third of dentin were sectioned through the deepest part of the occlusal fissure, perpendicular to the long axis of the crown. Caries was excavated with large round bur until firm dentin was obtained, confirmed by visual inspection and tactile examination. Flat occlusal dentin surfaces were treated as follows: Group-1 - 6.5% GSE (n = 30), Group-2 - 2% GTE (n = 30), Group-3 - 5% Glutaraldehyde (n = 30), Group-4 - control group (no agents) (n = 6). Each group was further divided into Subgroup A - Etch-N-Rinse 15s, Subgroup B - Etch-N-Rinse 45s, and Subgroup C - Self-etch. Two increments of 1.5-mm thick composite (Tetric-N-Ceram - Ivoclar Vivadent) with a 1-mm diameter were built-up. Each sample was subjected to µSBS test in Universal Testing Machine. Student's t-test was done for intragroup comparison and one-way ANOVA for intergroup comparison. Results: Statistically significant difference was present in mean µSBS, with Group 1B showing the best results and Group 4C, the least. Conclusions: Thus, the application of these collagen cross-linkers, to CAD, increases µSBS and promises a new approach to improve dentin bond strength.
RESUMO
Anatomic variations in mesiobuccal root (MBR) of maxillary molars are common. This variation is found to be more common in maxillary first molars as compared to second molars. However, finding three independent mesiobuccal (MB) canals in the MBR of maxillary molars is clinically a rare entity. With the use of magnification, illumination, and cone-beam computed tomography, combined with the skill of the operator, there is an increased possibility of detecting such additional canals. The present case report describes the successful clinical management of a second molar in a 58-year-old female patient having three MBR canals (MB1, MB2, and MB3) with a Vertucci's Type VIII canal configuration and an almost obliterated pulp chamber. The canals were prepared using hand and rotary instruments, followed by obturation. Very few such cases have been documented clinically in the literature.
RESUMO
AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of two different collagen cross-linking agents proanthocyanidin (Grape seed extract [GSE] and 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide) on the surface topography of etched dentin and microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of resin dentin bond. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two sound human 3rd molars were collected, and their occlusal surfaces were ground flat to expose dentin. Dentin surfaces were etched using phosphoric acid and then teeth were randomly divided into four groups, according to the dentin treatment: Group 1: wet bonding technique, Group 2: dry bonding technique, Group 3: 6.5% proanthocyanidin, and Group 4: 0.1M carbodiimide. Scanning electron microscope analysis was done for twenty specimens (n = 5 per group) at ×10,000 and ×30,000 magnification. Remaining 32 specimens were restored with TETRIC N-Bond adhesive systems and resin composite. After 24 h, teeth were sectioned to produce a cross-sectional surface area of 1.0 mm2 and tested for µTBS. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc least significant difference test (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: When acid-etched dentin is treated by 6.5% proanthocyanidin (GSE) and 0.1M carbodiimide, followed by application of adhesives, it results in increased µTBS due to cross-linking of collagen fibrils.
