RESUMO
XUV photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a powerful method for investigating the electronic structures of molecules. However, the correct interpretation of results in the condensed phase requires theoretical models that account for solvation. Here we present experimental aqueous-phase XPS of two organic biomimetic molecular switches, NAIP and p-HDIOP. These switches are structurally similar, but have opposite charges and thus present a stringent benchmark for solvation models which need to reproduce the observed ΔeBE = 1.1 eV difference in electron binding energy compared to the 8 eV difference predicted in the gas phase. We present calculations using implicit and explicit solvent models. The latter employs the average solvent electrostatic configuration and free energy gradient (ASEC-FEG) approach. Both nonequilibrium polarizable continuum models and ASEC-FEG calculations give vertical binding energies in good agreement with the experiment for three different computational protocols. Counterions, explicitly accounted for in ASEC-FEG, contribute to the stabilization of molecular states and reduction of ΔeBE upon solvation.
RESUMO
Biological photoreceptors and fluorescent proteins provide striking examples of how non-covalent interactions could be exploited for tuning the photochemistry and photophysics of organic chromophores. In this tutorial review we show how the construction of computer models of such natural supramolecular systems not only provides atomic-level information on the mechanisms of their function, but also principles useful for designing light-responsive components of artificial supramolecular systems. Using a few complementary case studies, the intellectual process leading to the implementation of such an engineering target is followed up to the actual construction of a working prototype of a biomimetic molecular switch.
