[Experimental development of hollow cellulose membranes for blood detoxification]. / Experimentelle Entwicklung von Zellulosehohlmembranen zur Blutentgiftung.

In recent years there have been repeated demands in medical circles for new membranes for various purposes. At present attention is focussed on the development of membranes for the detoxification of blood. Using available technology and resources, it seemed appropriate to develop such hollow membranes out of cellulose by the viscose process. It is possible to give the membrane a suitable structure according to the use intended. The transport of matter and ultrafiltration can be influenced by varying the influence parameter in the spinning process via changes in the pore structure. In this way it is possible to produce hollow membranes for dialysis or ultrafiltration, with varying grades of permeability, out of cellulose by the viscose process.

[Peripheral circulatory disorders and acrocyanosis in arsenic exposed Moselle wine-growers]. / Periphere Durchblutungsstörungen und Akrocyanose bei arsengeschädigten Moselwinzern

Peripheric circulatory disturbances and acrocyanosis in Moselle vinedressers injured by arsenic. During the years 1972--1975 a total number of 100 vine-dressers came for medical treatment because of late injures caused by arsenic intoxication. That is an average of 400 examinations per year 1600 control examinations within four years. These patients belonged to the age-classes 1890--1923, and the average time of exposure to arsenic was 20 years. After years of being exposed to arsenic, and even years after the exposure to it has stopped, there are those so-called late injures caused by arsenic. There are typical arsenic melanisms on the forehad-temple-rim where the hair begins to grow, on the nape of the neck, on the shoulders, chest, arms, and on the back of the hands which pass into precanceroses and carcinomas. The average time until the first late injuries caused by arsenic occur is 26 years. However, there have been latence periods of up to 50 years. This depends mainly on the amount of arsenic absorbed during the time. There are skin alterations which resemble very much an acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans Herxheimer. Histological examinations rather showed the symptoms of an endangiitis obliterans with atrophy of the cutis. These symptoms were found in 60--70% of the 50--60 years old patients, in 80--90% of the 60--70 years old patients, and in 90--95% of the 70--80 years old patients. Simultaneously there are distinct peripheric circulatory disturbances, cyanosis of the lips, dyspnoea, and an emphysema together with typical cardiac insufficiency. Foot and finger pulse are distinctly slower, and the temperature of the skin is remarkably lower. While people grow older the cyanosis gets worse. With a control group of patients who hadn't been exposed to arsenic these symptoms had only been found on 1--2%.