[Cognitive impairment and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Project CASCADE Kradów. VII: Prevalence of apoprotein E isoforms in women and men at age 65-78 years of age]. / Zaburzenia funkcji poznawczych a czynniki ryzyka chorób ukladu krazenia. Projekt CASCADE Kraków. Czesc VII: Czestosc wystepowania izoform apoproteiny E u kobiet i mezczyzn w wieku 65-78 lat.

There is a growing evidence on the relations between apoprotein E (apo E), in particular apoE4, cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease. However, little is known on the prevalence of apoE in Polish population. The goal of this paper was to assess the frequency of apoE phenotypes and isoforms in the sample of elderly people. Studied group were 90 men and 92 women, residents of Polish rural province (Tarnobrzeg Voivodship) at age 65-78 years. Identification of apoE isoforms was done using the immunoblotting method. The most frequent phenotype was apoE3/3, which was found in 70% of men and 73% of women. Phenotype apoE3/2 was identified in 20% men and 15% women. Both in men and in women phenotypes apoE4/2 and apoE4/3 were more rare-in total 10% and 12% participants, respectively. There was nobody with phenotype apoE4/4. In women there was also nobody with phenotype apoE4/2, but in men phenotype apoE4/2 was found in 4% of participants. No person was found with phenotype apoE2/2. Frequency of homozygotes apoE4/4 was low in studied population and could little contribute to the epidemy of cardiovascular disease and dementia in the elderly. However, the 10% frequency of heterozygotes with isoform apoE4 could have more impact.

Respiratory potentials recorded from the human hindbrain.

Using a nasopharyngeal and a neck electrode slow potentials synchronous with respiration were registered. Similar potentials were recorded in a patient with apnoea due to widespread paralysis of the Landry type. The potentials are thought to be of medullary origin.