[EEG changes in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type]. / EEG-Veränderungen bei seniler Demenz vom Alzheimer Typ.

Character and extent of changes in EEG in 45 patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT) were reported and the EEG-findings of patients with moderate (18) or severe (27) dementia were compared. The EEG-findings in these patients were compared with a group of 82 patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID). The EEG showed pathological results in 37 patients with predominating general changes (59%). In patients with severe dementia significantly more pathological results especially a significantly slower basic rhythm could be found. The degree of the cerebral atrophy verified by CT did not correspond with character and extent of the changes in EEG. The comparison between patients with SDAT and 82 patients with MID, revealed a significantly more frequent occurrence of unilateral slowing of the basic rhythm but a less frequent occurrence of focal changes. However, there was no significant difference in the number of normal and pathological EEG. The comparison between patients with SDAT and patients with MID without neurological deficit failed to show a significant difference in the number of normal and pathological EEG as well. It could be shown that in patients with severe dementia the EEG revealed significantly more pathological results as well as a significantly slower basic rhythm. However, the EEG could not differentiate between SDAT and MID.

[EEG studies in bruxism with headache patients]. / EEG-Untersuchungen bei Bruxismuspatienten mit Kopfschmerzen.

EEG-investigations before and after long-term-treatment with occlusal-splints were carried out in 36 bruxism patients suffering from unilateral headache. The results of the latter group were compared to those of 41 patients with classical migraine and to those of a healthy control-group. 20 (56%) of our patients showed pathological EEG-pattern in which focal abnormalities (39%) were dominating. After a long-term-treatment, mentioned before, there was a significant decrease of pathological EEG-pattern combined with a distinct improvement of all clinical symptoms. In patients with classical migraine a higher number of pathological EEG-recordings were seen during attack as well as during interval. Comparing the EEG-findings of bruxism after treatment to those of the healthy controls, no significant differences were found anymore.

[EEG changes in symptomatic headache caused by bruxism]. / EEG-Veränderungen bei symptomatischem Kopfschmerz durch Bruxismus.

EEG recordings were carried out on 36 patients with the verified diagnosis of bruxism and unilateral headache. Occlusal splints were applied in the long-term management of these patients. Initial EEG recordings showed pathological changes in 56% of the patients. The EEG recordings were repeated two and six weeks later in these patients and following improvement in the clinical symptomatology pathological EEG patterns were detected in only 22% of all cases. This decrease is of statistical significance.

[EEG in migraine]. / Das EEG bei Migräne.

The character and extent of EEG-changes in 40 patients with migraine accompagnée and 41 patients with classical migraine were studied and the EEG-diagnoses of both groups were compared. Moreover, the EEG-diagnoses in these patients were compared in relation to a control-group. The EEG showed pathological findings in 10 patients (83%) during the attacks and in 39 patients (57%) during the intervals with predominating focal changes (51%). Patients with migraine accompagnée had more frequently pathological findings (70%) as well as focal changes (60%) than patients with classical migraine (51% respectively 41%). The persistence of disturbances in patients with migraine accompagnée was longer than in patients with classical migraine. In comparison to the controls a significantly more frequent occurrence of pathological results was found in patients with migraine accompagnée and classical migraine during the attack as well as during the interval. The age of patients, duration of the migraine and frequency of attacks did not influence the extend of EEG changes. The EEG revealed in patients with migraine significantly more frequent functional disturbances than in controls, which were more pronounced in patients with migraine accompagnée and during the attacks.

[EEG changes in the withdrawal phase of tranquilizer or drug abuse]. / EEG-Veränderungen in der Entzugsphase bei Tranquilizer-bzw. Drogenabusus.

In 31 patients with tranquilizer-and 13 patients with drug abuse the character and extent of changes in EEG during withdrawal period were studied and the influence of additional abuse of alcohol or barbiturates was investigated. The EEG showed pathological results in 22 patients (50%). Generalised spike activity was dominant, which was found more often in patients with tranquilizer abuse (35%) than in patients with drug abuse (15%). In patients with abuse of tranquilizers and additional alcoholism pathological EEGs were found more often (65%) than in the remaining patients (36%). Also in patients with additional abuse of barbiturates pathological EEGs (67%) were found more often. In patients with drug abuse with or without additional abuse of alcohol or barbiturates there was no difference between the number of normal and pathological EEGs. In patients with longer persistence of the tranquilizer abuse the number of pathological EEGs increased. Controls of the EEG revealed with increasing time interval an increasing number of normalised EEGs especially in patients without alcoholism of barbiturate abuse. Therefore the EEG revealed functional disturbances in the withdrawal period after abuse of tranquilizers or drugs which were more pronounced in patients with additional abuse or alcohol or barbiturates.