[Autonomic nervous system dysfunction in Parkinson's disease evaluated by the heart rhythm variability test]. / Zaburzenia ukladu autonomicznego w chorobie Parkinsona oceniane testem zmiennosci rytmu serca.

It is well recognized that autonomic dysfunction are common in Parkinson's disease (PD). Fourteen patients with early PD and 8 patients with advanced PD aged from 38-71 were investigated. Heart rate variability at rest differ significantly between patients with advanced PD and age-matched controls. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in PD mainly affects parasympathetic but also sympathetic system, and occurs only in advanced cases. Heart rate variability is a useful non-invasive test to assess autonomic dysfunction in PD.

[The effect of antioxidants on lipid metabolism in myocardium in experimental hyperthyroxinemic conditions]. / Wplyw antyutleniaczy na metabolizm lipidowy miesnia sercowego w warunkach doswiadczalnej hipertyroksynemii.

This experiment was conducted on 38 white Wistar-strain rats subdivided into five experimental groups. Group I were control animals which receiving intraperitoneal 0.5 ml injections of the sodium chloride physiological solution everyday during the whole experimental period of 26 days. Rats from Group II were injected intraperitoneally L-thyroxine (600 micrograms per kg of body weight) five times a week. The animals from Groups III, IV, and V, in addition to thyroxine injected in the same way as in Group II, were additionally administered one of such antioxidants as allopurinol, desferal, or vitamin C. The purpose of this research was to find an answer to the question whether the application of the above-mentioned antioxidants modifies the non-beneficial hyperthyroxinemic impact on the lipid metabolism of the cardiac muscle. It was found that the thyroxine influenced the change of the triglyceride and phospholipid contents in the cardiac muscle. All the applied antioxidants partly modified the thyroxine influence on the lipid balance in the cardiac muscle, especially in the area of triglycerides.

[The effect of some antioxidants on the response of selected lipid compounds in myocardium of rats]. / Wplyw niektórych antyutleniaczy na zachowanie sie wybranych zwiazków lipidowych w miesniu sercowym szczurów.

Tests performed on 48 white rats were designed to evaluate the effect of such antioxidants as Allopurinol, Vitamin C, and Desferal on the lipid quantity in the rat heart muscle. The test animals were divided into control, Allopurinol, Vitamin C, and Desferal test groups in which free fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, and total cholesterol were determined. It was observed that under the influence of Allopurinol and Vitamin C the heart muscle was bereaved of the essential energy compound, free fatty acids, to a large extent. This may be caused by the participation of these antioxidants in the redox reactions in organisms. The antioxidant applied in the experiments did not cause any changes in the contents of the other lipids under determination, i.e. triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol. The maintenance of a constant level of these compounds is probably beneficial both for the heart and thus for the whole organism.

[Testing lipid metabolism in aortic walls of rats subjected to year-long cadmium intoxication]. / Badanie metabolizmu lipidowego w scianie aorty szczurów poddanych rocznej intoksykacji kadmem.

The present work is continuation of experiments previously conducted on the impact of cadmium on the aortic lipid metabolism of rats. In the present experimental model, the duration of exposure to cadmium was increased four-fold: that is, to twelve months. The extension of the time of exposure was intended to make possible a more detailed analysis of aortic lipid metabolism. This metabolism was traced by marking the level of free fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, and total cholesterol. The cadmium content of aortic segments was marked at the same time. Out of all the lipid components marked, there was observed a statistically extremely significant increase in the concentration of free fatty acids, while the remaining lipid compounds were unchanged. The year-long toxication caused a perceptible and statistically significant concentration of cadmium in the aortic wall. The changes in lipid metabolism found in the present experimental model, in comparison to the results attained in animals subjected to three months of toxication, are relatively slight. This test result may be the consequence of the exceptionally high capacity of rats to adapt to pathogenic factors, and the development of a certain level of tolerance to cadmium in these animals.

[Evaluation of the toxic effects of cadmium on the body in light of research on the behavior of lipid compounds in aortic walls of animals]. / Ocena toksycznego dzialania kadmu na ustrój w swietle badán nad zachowaniem sie zwiazków lipidowych w scianie aorty zwierzat.

The goal of this project was to observe certain paths of lipid metabolism in the aorta under the influence of chronic cadmium poisoning. A statistically very significant concentration of cadmium was found in the aortic walls of poisoned rats. However, the concentration of cadmium was not changed in the blood serum, where only a slight tendency towards increase was observed. Among the lipid compounds traced in the blood serum, a considerable increase in triglycerides was observed. The increase in the concentration of total cholesterol in the aortic wall was slight but statistically significant. The concentration of other analyzed lipids--i.e. free fatty acids, triglycerides and phospholipids--did not change. The above observations suggest the hypothesis of the possible development of atherosclerotic changes resulting from chronic cadmium poisoning.

[Influence of chronic intoxication with cadmium chloride on the content of some lipids in lens and vitreous body of rabbits]. / Wplyw przewleklego zatrucia chlorkiem kadmu na zawartosc niektórych lipidów w soczewce i ciele szklistym królika.

The experiments were carried out on 21 rabbits, divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 10 control animals, the second one consisted of 11 animals given per os 3 times per week for 3 months 1 ml of water solution of cadmium chloride in the dose of 0.35 mg for 1 kilogram of body weight. After the animals have been killed, the content of cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids in their vitreous was identified with enzymatic methods, applying appropriate tests. The content of free fatty acids was estimated with the Duncombe method. The obtained results were analyzed statistically, with t-Student test. It was determined statistically that the content of all tested lipids components in the vitreous of rabbits poisoned with cadmium chloride was significantly decreased in comparison with their content in control animals. The greatest decrease was found in the level of free fatty acids and triglycerides, smaller decrease in phospholipids and cholesterol. Significant decrease of the total cholesterol level was found in the rabbits' lens. However no changes were observed in any other lipid components of the lens. The article discusses the significance of the obtained results in relation to ecological problems.

[Influence of chronic poisoning with cadmium on some lipid compounds in heart muscle and aorta of rabbits]. / Wplyw przewleklego zatrucia kadmem na niektóre zwiazki lipidowe w miesniu sercowym i aorcie królików.

The detection of the influence of chronic poisoning with cadmium on some lipid metabolism in heart muscle and aorta of rabbits was the main object of the paper. A distinct cumulation of cadmium in the heart muscle was observed. However, its excessive accumulation in the wall of the aorta was not noted. A trend toward an increase of all lipid parameters, that is triglycerides, free fatty acids, phospholipids and cholesterol, was observed in the heart muscle. On the other hand, the level of phospholipids increased very distinctly in the aorta and the level of free fatty acids decreased insignificantly, which can be a favourable factor for the development of atherosclerosis processes.

[Effect of experimental diabetes and thyrotropic hormone on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in heart and liver of rats]. / Wplyw cukrzycy doswiadczalnej i hormonu tyreotropowego na metabolizm weglowodanów i lipidów w miesniu sercowym i watrobie szczurów.

The purpose of this research was to analyse the change in relationships between the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism parameters in the cardiac muscle and liver in the rats, in which the thyroid gland was induced additionally by use of thyrotropic hormone. The tests were performed on 33 white rats of the Wistar breed that were subdivided into four groups. The first group were reference animals. In the rats of the second group thyroid hyperfunction was induced by use of thyrotropic hormone. In animals of group there diabetes was evoked by use of alloxan. Diabetes and the thyroid hyperfunction the animals in of group four. The levels of glycogen, lactic and pyruvic acids, cholesterol, free fatty acids, phospholipids and triglycerides were determined in the cardiac muscle and liver of all the animals. It was found that the occurrence of both hormonal disorders: experimental diabetes and thyroid hyperfunction noticeably changes metabolism of the cardiac muscle as well as the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and leads to disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in the liver.

[Initial investigations on the activity of some enzymes from the vitreous and lens of rabbit eyes exposed to cadmium and zinc]. / Wstepne badania aktywnosci niektórych enzymów ciala szklistego i soczewki oczu królików poddanych dzialaniu zwiqzków cynku i kadmu.

The toxicological activity of zinc and cadmium is also connected with the negative influence of both compounds on the visual system. The activity of AspAT and AlAT was determined in 68 vitreous bodies and 68 lenses of rabbits exposed to the influence of zinc and cadmium compounds. Under the influence of these compounds the activity of AlAT was higher in the vitreous as well after using the cadmium or the zinc salts. The activity of AspAT did not change in the lens and in the vitreous one could observe a distinctly increased tendency of the activity of this enzyme only after application of the zinc salt.

[Effect of diabetes and thyroid hypofunction on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in heart and liver]. / Wplyw cukrzycy i niedoczynnosci tarczycy na metabolizm weglowodanów i lipidów w miesniu sercowym i w watrobie.

The purpose of this research was to analyse the change in relationships between the basic carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms parameters in the cardiac muscle and liver in the animals with diabetes, in which the thyroidal hypofunction was evoked additionally. The tests were performed on 43 white rats of the Wistar breed that were subdivided into four groups. The first group were reference animals. The second group were the animals with the evoked thyroidal hypofunction with metizol. The group three rats were injected a single dose of alloxan each in order to evoke diabetes. In group four, diabetes and the thyroidal hypofunction were evoked. The levels of glycogen, lactic and pyruvic acids, cholesterol, free fatty acids, triglycerides and phospholipids were determined in the cardiac muscles and livers of all the animals. It was found that the occurrence of both hormonal disorders, i.e. diabetes and the thyroidal hypofunction, in short time leads to harmful changes in the lipid metabolism of the cardiac muscle and liver and noticeably reduces the glycogen reserve in the liver.

[The effect of exertion on carbohydrate metabolism in myocardium of animals with experimental diabetes]. / Wplyw wysilku fizycznego na metabolizm weglowodanów w miesniu sercowym zwierzat z doswiadczalnie wywolana cukrzyca.

The aim of our experimental work was to investigate the carbohydrates metabolism in myocardium of experimental diabetic animals which were physically trained. The experiment was carried on a group of seventy white Wistar rats, which was divided into four subgroups. The first and the second subgroups consisted of normal animals. The alloxan diabetic animals belonged to the third and fourth subgroups. The animals of second and fourth subgroups were forced to physical efforts. The concentration of glycogen as well as lactic, pyruvic and citric acids in myocardium of all experimental rats were estimated. The most important results of the experiment was the observation of the changes of concentration of the lactic and citric acids in the myocardium. The other satisfactory issue was that the short-term physical training which had been forced on experimental diabetic rats for four following days were good influence for them. The intensive metabolism of lactic acid was observed of those diabetic rats.