Inhibition of T-cell invasion across cultured fibroblast monolayers by phenothiazine-related calmodulin inhibitors: impairment of lymphocyte motility by trifluoperazine and chlorpromazine, and alteration of the monolayer by pimozide.

Phenothiazines inhibit the typical shape changes displayed by activated lymphocytes and thereby their migration through polycarbonate filters. The structure activity relationship of this effect is distinct from calmodulin inhibition. Our aim was to study this effect of phenothiazines on lymphocyte migration in an environment with living solid tissue cells. We assessed the effect of trifluoperazine and chlorpromazine (TFP and CP, two strong inhibitors of lymphocyte motility) and pimozide (PIM, a much weaker inhibitor of lymphocyte motility but a strong inhibitor of calmodulin) on invasion of human Molt-4 T-cells across precultured fibroblast monolayers. As expected invasion was inhibited by TFP and CP in the micromolar range that also inhibited motility. Surprisingly, PIM inhibited monolayer invasion at least as efficiently as TFP and CP (from 2.25 microM on). Preincubation of the monolayers or the lymphoid cells show that PIM exerted this novel invasion inhibiting effect on the monolayer. TFP and CP had a much weaker effect on the monolayer. Since these three compounds inhibit calmodulin in the same order, it is likely that this effect on the monolayer was caused by inhibition of a calmodulin-dependent pathway. KN-62, a specific inhibitor of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II acted on the monolayer like PIM, whereas ML-7, a specific inhibitor of myosin regulatory light chain kinase, inhibited lymphoid cell motility like TFP and CP. In conclusion, invasion of T-cells across cellular monolayers is inhibited both by PIM and by phenothiazines like TFP and CP, but via distinct mechanisms: TFP and CP inhibit lymphocyte motility via a calmodulin independent pathway, whereas PIM impairs the monolayer's tolerance for invasion, most likely via a calmodulin and CamKII dependent pathway.

[Syringomyelia in orthopedic practice]. / Jamistosc rdzenia w praktyce ortopedycznej.

Three females with syringomyelia and atrophic shoulder arthropathy, in one patient associated also with hypertrophic elbow arthropathy and Morvan syndrome have been presented. Despite long duration and apparent symptoms the condition has been diagnosed only during hospitalization.

[37-year survival of a patient with osteosarcoma of the proximal tibia after biological resection according to Grucy]. / 37-letnie przezycie chorego z kostniakomiesakiem blizszego odcinka kosci piszczelowej po resekcji biologicznej Grucy.

A case of patient with osteosarcoma of the tibia resected by the Gruca method who survived 37 years is presented. In spite of the neoplastic recurrence (resected anatomically), long-lasting osteomyelitis, pathological fracture and increasing stiffness of the knee joint the patient has managed to carry out his life plans. This proves the Gruca method to be valuable although being presently replaced by polyvalent chemotherapy.

[An isolated post-traumatic intermediate cuneiform osteitis caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa]. / Izolowane pourazowe zapalenie kosci klinowatej posredniej wywolane paleczka Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

A case of 49 years old cattle farm employee who developed intermediate cuneiform osteitis after stabbing the dorsum of the foot with a tool. The bone became entirely necrotic and has been removed surgically. An instillation combined with local and systemic antibiotic therapy resulted in cure. After 3.5 years of follow-up neither static nor dynamic disabilities of the foot have been found.

[Total dorsal dislocation of the navicular bone]. / Calkowite grzbietowe zwichniecie kosci lódkowatej.

Two farmers with post-traumatic dorsal dislocation of the navicular have been presented. Because of the compression of the vessels, nerves and tendons the navicular has been resected in one case. Flat foot has developed in both instances. No increase in adduction of the forefoot has been observed.

[Case histories of cysts around the knee joint]. / Z kazuistyki zapalnych torbieli kolana.

Forty-seven patients with 53 cysts around the knee were treated from 1984 to 1986. Five cases of unusual pathology and various etiology have been briefly presented. At the initial period of treatment certain diagnostic problems occurred. The value of clinical examination, arthrography, ultrasound, CT, and pathological examination of the specimen were underlined.

[Open total dislocation of the talus]. / Otwarte calkowite zwichniecie kosci skokowej.

A case of 35 years old patient with open, total, fixed dislocation of the talus reduced with heel traction is presented. The Sudeck syndrome subsided after one year. Weight bearing was not allowed for 7 months. An examination after 2.5 years revealed minor osteoarthritis, full range of movement in the foot but limited walking capability.

[Functional treatment of central hip dislocation--personal modifications]. / Zachowawcze leczenie centralnego zwichniecia biodra--w odmianie wlasnej.

A slow, lasting for several hours method for reduction of central dislocation of the hip with the use of bidirectional traction, with Rush pin introduced in the trochanter major and Steinmann pin in supracondylar area, with 18 degrees of the lateral tilt of the bed, with standard upper frame of Gruca bed mounted laterally and great traction force against the hip is presented. The universal Gruca splint was employed in the after-treatment. In 12 patients with grade II and III central dislocation of the hip excellent early anatomical and functional results were achieved.

[Kaposi's sarcoma ]. / Sarcoma idiopathicum multiplex haemorrhagicum Kaposi.

A case of Kaposi's sarcoma in a 86-year female farmer is presented in view of the epidemiological data, currently changed biology of Kaposi's sarcoma, and its importance related to an association with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In this particular case, the clinical course of the disease was very rapid with skin lesions on the upper and lower extremities and on mucous membranes of the oral cavity and epiglottis. Immunologic disorders caused afebrile pneumonia, prolonged healing of the post-traumatic wound and fracture of the shaft of the radius and ulna. Progressive cachexia and weakness have led to the loss of the waking ability and self-care.

[Pneumatosis cystoides of the intestines, mesentery and greater omentum]. / Odma pecherzykowa jelit, krezki i sieci wiekszej.

A 36-year-old man is described with idiopathic emphysema of the mediastium, neck, subcutaneous tissue of the chest and abdomen followed by pneumatosis cystoides of the intestine, mesentery, greater omentum and peritoneum with good outcome.

[Management of Meckel's diverticulum]. / Postepowanie w uchylkach Meckela.

Thirty-three Meckel's diverticula were found intraoperatively and 31 were removed for various indications. One patient died. The management was justified in the light of own experiences and literature data on the pathological changes in the diverticulum and complications caused by them. Even large and broad-based diverticula should be removed in emergency situations, if no special or temporary contraindications are present.