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1.
Alzheimers Res Ther ; 14(1): 197, 2022 12 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36581949

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The identification of biomarkers for early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is critical to the development of therapies and interventions targeted at symptom management and tracking the pathophysiology of disease. The endorsement of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has emerged as a potential indicator of early change in cognitive status that may be predictive of future impairment at a time when measurable declines in neuropsychological performance cannot be detected. While there are numerous findings revealing sex differences in the prevalence of AD, there is a paucity of research examining sex differences in SCD. Therefore, the goal of this project was to determine if the relationship between the endorsement of SCD and future cognitive changes differ as a function of biological sex. METHODS: A sample of 3019 male and female healthy older adults (2188 without SCD, 831 with SCD), with a mean follow-up time of 5.7 years, were included from the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Research Sharing Hub. Linear regressions were performed to determine group differences in baseline cognitive scores, while linear mixed-effects models were completed to determine group differences in the rate of cognitive change over time. RESULTS: Individuals endorsing SCD had significantly lower baseline cognitive scores and increased rates of decline in all cognitive domains compared to those without SCD. Males exhibited significantly lower scores in baseline performance in global cognition, episodic memory, and perceptual speed regardless of SCD classification. Females with SCD were found to decline at significantly faster rates than both males with SCD and males and females without SCD in all cognitive domains over a maximum 15-year follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: SCD is related to lower baseline cognitive performance and faster cognitive decline compared to those who do not endorse SCD. Females with SCD have the fastest rate of decline suggesting that SCD may be more predictive of future decline in females than in males. Targeted assessments of SCD may allow for the identification of individuals for inclusion in intervention trials, and other research studies, aiming to attenuate casual disease processes, which may ultimately aid in the mitigation of sex disparities in AD.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Disfunção Cognitiva , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Doença de Alzheimer/psicologia , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Disfunção Cognitiva/diagnóstico , Cognição/fisiologia , Biomarcadores
2.
BMC Womens Health ; 17(1): 26, 2017 04 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28381301

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A breast cancer diagnosis and an abortion can each be pivotal moments in a woman's life. Research on abortion and breast cancer deals predominantly with women diagnosed during pregnancy who might be advised to have an abortion. The other-discredited but persistent-association is that abortions cause breast cancer. The aim here was to understand some of the ways in which women themselves might experience the convergence of abortion and breast cancer. METHODS: Among 50 women recruited from the Australian Breast Cancer Family Study and interviewed in depth about what it meant to have a breast cancer diagnosis before the age of 41, five spontaneously told of having or contemplating an abortion. The transcripts of these five women were analysed to identify what abortion meant in the context of breast cancer, studying each woman's account as an individual "case" and interpreting it within narrative theory. RESULTS: It was evident that each woman understood abortion as playing a different role in her life. One reported an abortion that she did not link to her cancer, the second was relieved not to have to abort a mid-treatment pregnancy, the third represented abortion as saving her life by making her cancer identifiable, the fourth grieved an abortion that had enabled her to begin chemotherapy, and the fifth believed that her cancer was caused by an earlier abortion. CONCLUSIONS: The women's accounts illustrate the different meanings of abortion in women's lives, with concomitant need for diverse support, advice, and information.


Assuntos
Aborto Induzido/psicologia , Neoplasias da Mama/complicações , Neoplasias da Mama/psicologia , Adulto , Austrália , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Inquéritos e Questionários , Sobreviventes/psicologia
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