RESUMO
The biosynthesis of the diterpene 8alpha-acetoxy-13alpha-hydroxy-5-oxo-13-epi- neoverrucosane in the arctic liverwort Fossombronia alaskana was studied by incorporation experiments using [1-(13)C]- and [U-(13)C(6)]glucose as precursors. The (13)C-labeling patterns of acetyl-CoA, pyruvate, and phosphoenolpyruvate in intermediary metabolism were reconstructed from the (13)C NMR data of biosynthetic amino acids (leucine, alanine, phenylalanine) and were used to predict hypothetical labeling patterns for isopentenyl pyrophosphate formed via the mevalonate pathway and the deoxyxylulose pathway. The labeling patterns observed for the neoverrucosane diterpene were consistent with the intermediate formation of geranyllinaloyl pyrophosphate assembled from dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and three molecules of isopentenyl pyrophosphate generated predominantly or entirely via 1-deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate. The experimental data can be integrated into a detailed biosynthetic scheme involving a 1,5-hydride shift. The postulated involvement of the 1,5-hydride shift was confirmed by an incorporation experiment with [6,6-(2)H(2)]glucose.
Assuntos
Diterpenos/metabolismo , Plantas/metabolismo , Diterpenos/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Estrutura MolecularAssuntos
Comitês de Ética Clínica , Ética Médica , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Relações Profissional-Família , Desenvolvimento de Programas/normas , Grupos de Autoajuda/organização & administração , Diretivas Antecipadas , Atitude Frente a Morte , Eticistas , Seguimentos , Hospitais , Humanos , Disseminação de Informação , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Manejo da Dor , Relações Médico-Paciente , Projetos Piloto , Papel Profissional , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Estresse Psicológico , UtahRESUMO
Of 1,203 patients who received radiation treatment for acne vulgaris between 1940 and 1968, 302 patients were recalled and examined, 121 at Geisinger Medical Center and the remainder by their local physicians. Radiation records were reviewed on all patients. Lead-rubber and cones had been used as shielding. Mean age at the time of exposure was 21 years and mean total exposure was 692 R. Palpable nodular thyroid disease was found in eight patients (2.6%). Of these, thyroid carcinoma was detected in two patients (0.66%). Although the number of patients examined was small, the incidence of carcinomas was unexpectedly high. We conclude that follow-up examination is worthwhile for patients previously treated by irradiation for acne vulgaris.
Assuntos
Acne Vulgar/radioterapia , Lesões por Radiação/etiologia , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/etiologia , Adenoma/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Criança , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Induzidas por Radiação/etiologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/etiologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
A patient with hyperparathyroidism due to a functioning parathyroid carcinoma presented with distinctive clinical and laboratory features, including high serum calcium levels, roentgenographic signs of severe bone disease, a markedly elevated alkaline phosphatase level, a palpable cervical mass, and a high parathyroid hormone level. Treatment of parathyroid carcinoma requires en bloc resection of the ipsilateral thyroid lobe and isthmus for the primary tumor and ispilateral neck dissection for metastatic disease. Because the tumor grows slowly, recurrences should be resected to provide relief of hypercalcemia, the usual cause of death.
