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1.
Rev. int. med. cienc. act. fis. deporte ; 23(92): 323-334, aug.-sept. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-229407

RESUMO

Investigamos los efectos del programa perceptivo-motor en comparación con un programa exclusivamente orientado a la mejora de la fuerza y la condición aeróbica en mujeres mayores de 65 años. Una muestra de 83 mujeres se distribuyó en dos grupos: grupo control y grupo experimental. Se aplicaron tres medidas durante las fases de pretest, retest y postest del programa de período de 1 año: tiempo de reacción simple (SRT-S1), tiempo de reacción de selección (SRT-S4) y tiempo de detección de movimiento (MDT-S1) Los resultados revelan diferencias significativas a favor del grupo experimental (el que practicó con el programa perceptivo-motor) en tiempo de reacción y tiempo de movimiento en todas las pruebas realizadas en el retest y en la mayoría de las pruebas realizadas en el postest ( SERT-S4, SEMT-S4, MDT-S1 y MMT-S1) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Tempo de Reação/fisiologia , Envelhecimento , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles
2.
Rev. int. med. cienc. act. fis. deporte ; 20(78): 353-368, jun. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-194787

RESUMO

La edad y el sexo son variables clave en la construcción del autoconcepto físico, pero en las sociedades actuales, donde conviven diferentes grupos étnicos, el estudio de la influencia de la cultura autóctona es una variable que merece especial atención. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1911 estudiantes de entre 10 y 17 años (971 mujeres y 940 hombres), utilizando el cuestionario AFAPS como instrumento de medida. Los resultados confirmaron la existencia de mediadores influyentes en el nivel de autoconcepto físico: 1) sexo (p < 0,001), siendo los chicos los que obtienen mejores resultados; 2) edad (p < 0,05,) ya que el autoconcepto físico mejora con la edad, y 3) cultura (p < 0,001), siendo los sujetos pertenecientes a la etnia tamazight que obtienen los valores más altos. Los factores que parecen ser los más influyentes cuando se construye un autoconcepto físico positivo son "Condición física" y "Habilidades motrices"


Age and sex are key variables in the construction of the physical self-concept, but in current societies, where different ethnic groups coexist, the study of the influence of the native culture is a variable that deserves special attention. The sample was composed by 1911 students aged between 10 and 17 years (971 women and 940 men), using the AFAPS questionnaire as a measuring instrument. The results confirmed the existence of influential mediators in the level of physical self-concept:1) sex (p < ,001), being the males who obtain the highest score, 2) age (p < ,05), since the physical self-concept improves with age, and 3) culture (p < ,001), being the subjects beloging to the tamazight ethnicity who obtain the highest values. The factors that seems to be the most influential when constructing a positive physical self-concept are "Physical Condition" and "Motor Skills"


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Autoimagem , Cultura , Sexo , Atividade Motora , Inquéritos e Questionários , Análise Fatorial , Análise de Variância
3.
Rev. int. med. cienc. act. fis. deporte ; 19(73): 1-18, mar. 2019. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-183149

RESUMO

El objetivo es determinar la existencia de indicadores visuales (preíndices) en el golpe de derecha desde el fondo de pista tras rebote en pared en padel para cada una de las posibles direcciones (derecha, centro e izquierda) mediante análisis cinemático. Han participado en el estudio cinco jugadores expertos de padel. Los valores encontrados para altura de la mano y la posición del talón izquierdo en el momento de inicio y final del movimiento se revelan como las zonas corporales que más información podrían proporcionar como pre-índices informacionales para el jugador en defensa (r=,896, p<,001 y r=,777, p<,001). Los datos confirman la existencia de tres patrones de movimiento en virtud de la dirección elegida (máxima altura de la mano y mayor ángulo del talón izquierdo respecto al plano transversal del cuerpo cuando la bola se dirige a la parte izquierda de la cancha, tomado como referencia el jugador que golpea)


Using a kinematic analysis, this study aims to find out the existence of visual signals (pre-cues) in drive strokes made from the back of the court after the ball hits a wall, considering each possible direction (right, centre and left). Five expert paddle tennis players took part in the study. The body areas that could be most useful to the defensive player as informative pre-cues (r=.896 p<.001 y r=.777 p<.001) were those related to the hand height and the position of the left heel, at the beginning and at the end of the movement. These data confirm the existence of three movement patterns according to the chosen direction (maximum hand height and most open left heel angle in relation to the transverse plane of the body when the ball goes to the left half of the court, with the striking player as reference)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Esportes com Raquete/fisiologia , Fenômenos Biomecânicos/fisiologia
4.
Rev. int. med. cienc. act. fis. deporte ; 15(57): 105-121, mar. 2015. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-137801

RESUMO

Diversos trabajos han mostrado que se puede reducir el tiempo de reacción en los mayores con la práctica de actividad física (Hunter et al., 2001) e incluso igualar al de los jóvenes (Light et al., 1996). 52 hombres y mujeres de la ciudad de Melilla distribuidos en dos grupos de estudio: un grupo control (n=26 ; M= 68,56 años) que participa en actividades físicas genéricas y un grupo experimental (n=26 ; M=67,32 años) que ha participado en las mismas actividades más un programa de entrenamiento específico para la mejora del equilibrio, ajuste postural y tiempo de reacción. Los resultados no muestran diferencias significativas en el postest ni en la prueba de transferencia, pero los sujetos del grupo experimental alcanzan mejores desempeños en las dos variables de estudio (Tiempo de reacción simple - TRs y tiempo de inicio del movimiento - TIm) (GE TRs M= .55 ; TIm M=. 53 ; GC TRs M=.60 ; TIm M=. 64). Por subgrupos de estudio, las mujeres del subgrupo 60-70 años participantes en el programa obtuvieron resultados significativamente mejores que el resto de subgrupos considerados (AU)


According to several studies, physical activity can reduce the reaction time of elderly people (Hunter et al., 2001) and even make it equal to that of young people (Light et al., 1996). This project included 52 men and women from the City of Melilla distributed in two groups of study: a Control Group (n=26; M=68, 56 years old) taking part in generic physical activities, and an Experimental Group (n=26; M=67, 32 years) undertaking these same activities and also a specific training programme designed to improve balance, postural adjustment and reaction time. The results do not show significant differences either in the post-test or in the transfer test. However, the subjects from the experimental group achieved better performances on the two study variables (simple reaction time or sRT and initial movement time iMT) (EG sRT M=.55; iMT M=.53; CG sRT M=.60; iMT M=.64). In the per-subgroup analysis, the women of the 60-70-years-old subgroup who participated in the programme obtained significant better results than the subjects of the other subgroups (AU)


Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desempenho Psicomotor , Atividade Motora/fisiologia , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Avaliação de Eficácia-Efetividade de Intervenções , Qualidade de Vida , Tempo de Reação
5.
Biol Sport ; 32(4): 339-344, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28479664

RESUMO

Despite its growing popularity, few studies have investigated specific physiological demands for elite female futsal. The aim of this study was to determine aerobic fitness in elite female futsal players using laboratory and field testing. Fourteen female futsal players from the Venezuelan National team (age =21.2±4.0 years; body mass =58.6±5.6 kg; height =161±5.0 cm) performed a progressive maximal treadmill test under laboratory conditions. Players also performed a progressive intermittent futsal-specific field test for endurance, the Futsal Intermittent Endurance Test (FIET), until volitional fatigue. Outcome variables were exercise heart rate (HR), VO2, post-exercise blood lactate concentrations ([La]b) and running speeds (km · h-1). During the treadmill test, VO2max, maximal aerobic speed (MAS), HR and peak [La]b were 45.3±5.6 ml · kg-1 · min-1, 12.5±1.77 km · h-1, 197±8 beats · min-1 and 11.3±1.4 mmol · l-1, respectively. The FIET total distance, peak running velocity, peak HR and [La]b were 1125.0±121.0 m, 15.2±0.5 km · h-1, 199±8 beats · min-1 and 12.5±2.2 mmol · l-1, respectively. The FIET distance and peak speed were strongly associated (r= 0.85-87, p < 0.0001) with VO2max and MAS, respectively. Peak HR and [La]b were not significantly different between tests. Elite female futsal players possess moderate aerobic fitness. Furthermore, the FIET can be considered as a valid field test to determine aerobic fitness in elite level female futsal players.

6.
J Sports Sci ; 26(1): 63-73, 2008 Jan 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17899472

RESUMO

Heart rates were monitored and time-motion analysis performed for 10 players (mean age 25.6 years, s = 2.5; body mass 73.8 kg, s = 5.7 kg; height 1.75 m, s = 0.06) during four competitive futsal matches. Mean heart rate during the match was 90% (s = 2) of maximum heart rate. Heart rate records were classified based on the percentage of time spent in three zones (>85%, 85-65%, and <65% maximum heart rate); players spent 83%, 16%, and 0.3% in these three zones, respectively. During the second period, there was a significant reduction (P < 0.01) in the percentage of time spent at an intensity above 85% of maximum heart rate (first vs. second period: 86% vs. 79%). Players' movements were classified as standing, walking, jogging, medium-intensity running, high-intensity running, and sprinting (maximal speed running). Time-motion analysis indicated that the mean distance covered per minute of play was 117.3 m (s = 11.6), of which 28.5% (s = 2.2) was covered while performing medium-intensity running, 13.7% (s = 2) during high-intensity running, and 8.9% (s=3.4) while sprinting. From the results, we conclude that futsal is a multiple-sprints sport in which there are more high-intensity phases than in soccer and other intermittent sports.


Assuntos
Comportamento Competitivo/fisiologia , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Futebol/fisiologia , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Contração Muscular/fisiologia , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Postura/fisiologia , Corrida/fisiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Gravação de Videoteipe
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