RESUMO
Four multidose animal carcinogenicity assay trend test procedures based on the chi-square, Hoel-Walburg, log-rank, and Peto procedures are compared under conditions of competing risks. A total of 42 different risk populations are simulated in which a simulated animal can contract one or more of five different tumor types. The risk populations contain such different risks as incidence of tumor increasing with dose, time of death increasing or decreasing with dose, tumor decreasing time of death without necessarily causing death (nonrepresentativeness), and combinations of the above. Each population is analyzed using each of the four procedures for linear dose-response effect for each tumor separately and for all animals with tumors. Results show the Peto procedure to be the most robust of the four, giving rejection rates near the nominal for all competing risk situations and having the best power to reject when rejection is called for.
Assuntos
Testes de Carcinogenicidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Animais , Viés , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Humanos , Computação Matemática , Matemática , Camundongos , Análise Numérica Assistida por Computador , Ratos , Fatores de Risco , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
Forty-two corticosteroid-dependent asthmatics were studied to determine whether their underlying disease might be allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). The clinical and laboratory characteristics studied included age, sex, atopic status, mean corticosteroid doses, skin tests to Aspergillus fumigatus (Af), precipitins to Af, total serum IgE, and chest roentgenograms. Twelve patients had four or more of the seven primary criteria used and were considered as the ABPA suspect group. Further studies identified three patients who were considered to have definite ABPA and an additional three patients with probable ABPA. This study suggests that previously undiagnosed ABPA can be detected in populations of corticosteroid dependent asthmatics. Corticosteroid therapy may mask ABPA, and serial evaluations of these patients may be of value in detecting additional cases of the disease.
Assuntos
Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Aspergilose Broncopulmonar Alérgica/complicações , Asma/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Aspergilose Broncopulmonar Alérgica/diagnóstico , Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina E/biossíntese , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes CutâneosRESUMO
A family was recently studied in which two brothers with identical HLA serotypes had allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. One of the two had a normal bronchogram. A field investigation of the family residence showed that a barn was the probable source of the organism causing disease in these patients. Immunologic characterization of the family members showed a broad spectrum of response to the environmental exposure.
