[Iodine content of mother's milk--Hungarian representative survey, 2006]. / A magyarországi anyatejminták jódtartalma--reprezentatív felmérés 2006.

UNLABELLED: In Hungary, except for some small area, iodine content of soil, cultivated crops and potable water is low; therefore the iodine intake of Hungarian population is lower than the amount recommended by international organizations. The high iodine intake for pregnant and nursing women is important to ensure the appropriate iodine intake of fetus and nursing babies, as well. AIM: The objective of the study was to get a comprehensive picture of iodine content of mother's milk and to make recommendation for the level of iodine supplementation for pregnant and nursing women. METHODS: Following a country-wide sampling, iodine content of 72 human milk samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Iodine intake in 42 percent of babies is lower than the recommended amount which could remarkably influence the physical and mental development of infants. CONCLUSIONS: Iodine supplementation and consumption of food with high iodine content is highly recommended during pregnancy and nursing.

Quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling of the toxicity of organothiophosphate pesticides to Daphnia magna and Cyprinus carpio.

Within the REACH regulatory framework in the EU, quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) models are expected to help reduce the number of animals used for experimental testing. The objective of this study was to develop QSAR models to describe the acute toxicity of organothiophosphate pesticides to aquatic organisms. Literature data sets for acute toxicity data of organothiophosphates to fish and one data set from experiments with 15 organothiophosphates on Daphniamagna performed in the present study were used to establish QSARs based on quantum mechanically derived molecular descriptors. The logarithm of the octanol/water partition coefficient, logK(ow,) the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, E(lumo), and the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital, E(homo) were used as descriptors. Additionally, it was investigated if toxicity data for the invertebrate D. magna could be used to build a QSAR model to predict toxicity to fish. Suitable QSAR models (0.80