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2.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 52(5): 542-5, 2012.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23227718

RESUMO

Uncertainties in the use of some terms in the dosimetry of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields are discussed. We have come to the conclusion that the term conventionally applied in the Russian literature to describe the absorbed energy is an incorrect translation of the international term "Specific Absorption Rate" (SAR). The main error in the Russian term is that the energy rather than the rate is absorbed. More precise Russian definition for this term is suggested by analogy with the dosimetry of ionizing radiation. In this case, the dimension of this parameter remains without any change.


Assuntos
Radiometria , Terminologia como Assunto , Campos Eletromagnéticos , Humanos , Radiação não Ionizante , Federação Russa
3.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 51(3): 357-68, 2011.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21866836

RESUMO

Population lives under new electromagnetic conditions: constant round-the-clock compulsory chronic exposure of all groups of population to modulated wide spectrum of EMF RF during the work of base stations of mobile communication; daily and lifelong (from childhood) exposure of the brain to EMF RF of the mobile phone. Effects of exposure to EMF RF of low levels are presented. Results of research into chronic EMF RF exposure are absent. International recommendations and domestic guidelines do not take into account the changing conditions of EMF RF influence on the population: the brain has become a critical body, and children have been included in the risk group. Population actively continues to use mobile communication. In this situation estimation of the risks from mobile communication has become a social and ethical problem.


Assuntos
Temas Bioéticos , Telefone Celular , Campos Eletromagnéticos/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Saúde Ambiental/normas , Animais , Encéfalo/efeitos da radiação , Telefone Celular/normas , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Medição de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estresse Psicológico
4.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 50(1): 6-11, 2010.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20297674

RESUMO

Mobile communications provides a new source of electromagnetic exposure for almost the whole population of the Russian Federation. For the first time in the history of civilization the brain of mobile phone users was exposed to localized radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMF). Population exposure from the base stations is also considered to be specific. However, existing standards for limiting the exposure do not account for this special EMF source and may not ensure the absence of health effects. There was a need for reliable information that would extend databases used for development of new standards. As recommended by the World Health Organization an additional experiment was performed under the supervision of foreign experts, which showed changes in autoimmune status in rats after long-term low-level RF EMF exposure with an incident power density of 500 microW/cm2.


Assuntos
Telefone Celular , Campos Eletromagnéticos/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Saúde Ambiental/normas , Nível de Saúde , Higiene/normas , Animais , Humanos , Ratos
5.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 50(1): 12-6, 2010.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20297675

RESUMO

This paper describes the conditions for handling and exposure of experimental animals (Wistar rats) and methods used in the study of immunological effects of long-term low-level (500 microW/cm2) exposure to radiofrequency (2450 MHz) electromagnetic fields, performed under auspices of the World Health Organization.


Assuntos
Autoimunidade/efeitos da radiação , Campos Eletromagnéticos/efeitos adversos , Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de Tempo
6.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 50(1): 22-7, 2010.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20297677

RESUMO

This paper presents the results of the study of the effects of long-term low-level exposure of rats to microwaves. Rats were exposed in far field to 2450 MHz continuous wave fields providing an incident power density at the cages of 500 microW/cm2 for 7 hours daily for a total of 30 days resulting in a whole-body SAR of 0.16 +/- 0.04 W/kg. Three groups ("EMF-exposure", "sham-exposure" and cage-control) were formed, each consisting of 16 rats. Circulating antibodies (IgA, IgG and IgM) directed against 16 chemical substances were evaluated in coded serum from each group of rats by enzyme multiplied analysis (ELISA test). An increased amount of compounds resulting from interaction of amino acids with nitric oxide (NO) or its derivatives (NO2-Tyrosine, NO-Arginine, NO-Cysteine + NO-Bovine Serum Albumin, NJ-Methionine + NO-Asparagine + No-Histidine, NO-BTrypnohan + NJ-Tyrosin), fatty acids with small chains, hydroxylated fatty acids, palmitic/myristic/oleic acid, AZE (product of oxidation of fatty acids) was found in blood serum from EMF-exposed rats. As a rule, antibodies to conjugated antigens were seen for IgM, rarely seen for IgG and were completely absent for IgA. The levels of antibodies were higher on day 7 after the exposure compared to those on day 14 after the exposure.


Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/sangue , Campos Eletromagnéticos/efeitos adversos , Estresse Oxidativo/imunologia , Animais , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Autoanticorpos/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de Tempo
7.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 50(1): 28-36, 2010.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20297678

RESUMO

This study evaluated possible adverse effects of injection of blood serum from rats exposed to microwaves at a power density of 500 microW/cm2 on pregnancy and foetal and offspring development in intact female rats. The study was performed with 59 pregnant Wistar rats. In utero mortality, embryo and foetal body weights and placenta weight were used for the evaluation of embryo and foetal development. Generally accepted integral and specific parameters were used for the evaluation of postnatal development of offspring during the first 30 days of life. It was shown that intra peritoneal injection of blood serum from IMF exposed rats (chronic 30-day RF exposure at 500 microW/cm2) to intact rats on the 10th day of pregnancy resulted in adverse effects on foetal and offspring development. Total mortality (in utero + postnatal) as well as delay in offspring development was higher in this group.


Assuntos
Anormalidades Induzidas por Radiação/sangue , Campos Eletromagnéticos/efeitos adversos , Feto/efeitos da radiação , Complicações na Gravidez/sangue , Reprodução/efeitos da radiação , Soro/efeitos da radiação , Anormalidades Induzidas por Radiação/imunologia , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Feminino , Feto/imunologia , Relações Materno-Fetais , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/imunologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Soro/imunologia
8.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 50(1): 17-21, 2010.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20297676

RESUMO

This paper presents the results of the study of immunological effects of long-term low-level exposure of rats to microwaves. Rats were exposed in the far field to 2450 MHz continuous wave fields providing an incident power density at the cages of 500 microW/cm2 for 7 hours daily for a total of 30 days, resulting in a whole-body SAR of 0.16 +/- 0.04 W/kg. Effects of the exposure on immunological parameters in the brain and liver of rats were studied using Complement Fixation Test at low temperature (4 degrees C). Three groups ("EMF-exposure", "sham-exposure" and cage-control) were formed, each consisting of 16 rats. On the 14th day after the 30-day exposure, titers of antibodies against brain tissue were 0.69 +/- 0.08 in the cage-control group, 0.89 +/- 0.05 in the sham-exposed group and 1.19 +/- 0.07 in the EMF-exposed group. The appearance of antibodies against liver antigens was less. The increase in titres of antibodies against brain homogenates in the sham-exposed and EMF-exposed groups could be explained by the stress-reaction of the animals and autoimmunization of organism.


Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/sangue , Autoimunidade/efeitos da radiação , Campos Eletromagnéticos/efeitos adversos , Animais , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Encéfalo/imunologia , Encéfalo/efeitos da radiação , Testes de Fixação de Complemento , Fígado/imunologia , Fígado/efeitos da radiação , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de Tempo
9.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 50(6): 712-22, 2010.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21434398

RESUMO

In researches with participation of volunteers bioeffects of short-term non-thermal radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF EMF) exposure were studied. The basic form of brain's reaction was the amplification of energy in a-range in electroencephalogram (EEG) spectra. Dependence of these changes, not only due to the changes of the exposure parameters, but also due to personal EEG typological features was shown. Moderate degree of the alpha frequencies domination in the background promoted development of reaction of a brain to the RF EMF exposure. To a lesser degree it was shown at hyperactivity of this range and, practically, was absent in the conditions of theta- or beta2-range domination in the EEG background with the open and closed eyes. The combination of RF EMF exposure and monotonous activity has authentically strengthened result, keeping the basic form of reaction (energy amplification in the alpha range of EEG spectrum) and dependence on EEG typological features.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/efeitos da radiação , Telefone Celular , Eletroencefalografia , Campos Eletromagnéticos/efeitos adversos , Ondas de Rádio/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Encéfalo/fisiologia , Telefone Celular/normas , Potenciais Evocados/efeitos da radiação , Humanos , Masculino , Eficiência Biológica Relativa
10.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 45(6): 722-5, 2005.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16454341

RESUMO

Below is submitted the characteristic of the electromagnetic condition around the base stations, which bases on our own data. The hygienic estimation was considered.


Assuntos
Telefone Celular , Campos Eletromagnéticos , Monitoramento de Radiação , Ondas de Rádio , Ecologia
11.
Med Tr Prom Ekol ; (5): 25-30, 2004.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15216642

RESUMO

The authors evaluated magnetic field of industrial frequency outside occupational conditions, suggested and put into practice a method diagnosing electromagnetic settings in compartments and a way to decrease magnetic field of industrial frequency.


Assuntos
Campos Eletromagnéticos/efeitos adversos , Proteção Radiológica , Humanos , Moscou , Proteção Radiológica/economia , Proteção Radiológica/instrumentação , Proteção Radiológica/normas , Medição de Risco
12.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 43(5): 544-51, 2003.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14658288

RESUMO

A review of Russian and foreign studies of EMF effects on living environment was made. Vast range of EMF frequencies and intensities affect on functions and condition of ecosystems. Even non-thermal EMF levels could cause reversible changes in physiological process regulation. Some changes were observed in animal behavior such as motive activity, spatial orientation, reduction of ability to form a conditioned response. Some animal species (some insects, birds, reptiles) use electromagnetic fields for spatial orientation during migration. Biological communities are very sensitive to EMF effects and could become the biological indicators of electromagnetic pollution.


Assuntos
Comportamento Animal/efeitos da radiação , Ecossistema , Campos Eletromagnéticos , Poluição Ambiental , Radar , Animais , Campos Eletromagnéticos/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ambiental , Monitoramento Ambiental , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , Doses de Radiação , Ratos , Navios , Fatores de Tempo
13.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 41(2): 195-206, 2001.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11402554

RESUMO

The characteristic of the physical factors of a personal computer at user's working place was presented. The bioeffects of these factors were considered and the influence of these factors on health was estimated.


Assuntos
Campos Eletromagnéticos/efeitos adversos , Microcomputadores , Animais , Física Médica , Humanos
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